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Acta Neuropathologica: 猕猴手指切开后vCJD/BSE的直接神经传递

2020-10-11 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

非人灵长类动物似乎是研究人类医源性朊病毒疾病的最接近的模型。在这里,我们报告了变异克雅氏病/疯牛病(vCJD/BSE)在食蟹猴手指上接种的后果,展示了原始传播模式和职业暴露的实际风险。

非人灵长类动物似乎是研究人类医源性朊病毒疾病的最接近的模型。在这里,我们报告了变异克雅氏病/疯牛病(vCJD/BSE)在食蟹猴手指上接种的后果,展示了原始传播模式和职业暴露的实际风险。

在大脑中,PrPd沉积呈层状分布于皮质深层,大量沉积于丘脑、基底节、小脑和脑干。脊髓内PrPd呈对称分布,主要分布于胶状质和Clarke背核,而骶骨水平PrPd则明显减少。整个中枢神经系统内的沉淀物是多样的:突触、神经周围、网状聚集体、小斑块、斑块和不完全的花斑。视网膜丛状层被标记,无淀粉样或tau沉积。异常的PrPd沉积沿树突、短轴突和长轴突、轴突线状细网状或珍珠串状排列。它们存在于深部的新皮质、基底节和运动神经元。这种漫长的过程并不常见,但在人类和实验研究中已有报道。

方法:将一只4岁猕猴的右手中指远端两侧切开以诱发局部炎症,然后注射相当于10毫克的BSE,经口攻击猕猴大脑。在经历18个月的手指笨拙期后,临床疾病(行为异常、恐惧、感觉过敏、步态障碍、颤抖)在接种疫苗后7.5年开始出现,2个月后进行安乐死。右侧正中神经的运动传导速度降低到左侧对应部分的1/3,感觉电位未被检测到。

如前所述进行组织学和生物化学研究。三联体的所有成分都存在:新皮质、纹状体、脑干的海绵状改变是中度的,脊髓的改变是轻度的,但丘脑和小脑的改变是严重的;神经元丢失总体上是中度的,但在小脑和骶髓(空泡化神经元)中是严重的;胶质增生在丘脑、小脑和脑干严重,在其他部位中度。ELISA和western blot(WB)显示PrPres在脑和脊髓的各个层次都有预期的BSE糖蛋白聚集模式。

综上所述,我们观察到,灵长类动物通过远端手指损伤暴露于vCJD/BSE后,经过7.5年的静默孵育,会导致大量的PrPd沉积,严格限制在神经系统和眼睛。

Mikol, J., Delmotte, J., Jouy, D. et al. Direct neural transmission of vCJD/BSE in macaque after finger incision. Acta Neuropathol (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-020-02231-w

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    2021-04-16 yb6560
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    2020-12-21 windight
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