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Eur Radiol:只有动脉粥样硬化高危人群才会发生颈动脉粥样硬化吗?

2021-02-17 shaosai MedSci原创

亚临床或无症状AS是大多数心血管事件的基础,其早期检测可以改善患者的风险分层。因此,应进一步阐明无CVRF与AS风险之间不匹配的相关因素和理论基础。

      动脉粥样硬化AS)是一种终生疾病,其中血管危险因素(CVRF)在其发生、发展的过程中发挥着至关重要的作用。由于大多数心血管事件都与CVRF相关,因此临床上通常使用常规CVRF评估AS的发生风险。然而,最近的大规模临床试验表明,那些没有CVRF的个体,尤其是年轻人和女性,也与亚临床动脉粥样硬化的发生有相关性。根据当前的预防性建议,尽管可能存在AS,但没有CVRF的健康个体通常不适合进行预防性干预。然而,亚临床或无症状AS是大多数心血管事件的基础,其早期检测可以改善患者的风险分层。因此,应进一步阐明无CVRF与AS风险之间不匹配的相关因素和理论基础。

      极速脉搏波(ufPWV)是极速超声成像中的一种新模式,可非侵入性的对区域内动脉僵硬度进行定量评估。最近的研究表明,ufPWV是评估血管Ehlers-Danlos综合征(vEDS)、高血压、高脂血症、糖尿病和多种常规CVRFs患者动脉粥样硬化发生的简单且可重复的独立预测因子。


      近日,发表在European Radiology杂志的一项研究通过使用极速脉搏波(ufPWV)对缺乏常规心血管危险因素(CVRF)的参与者的颈动脉僵硬程度进行了评价,并探讨了缺乏CVRF与AS的相关性。

      本研究纳入了517名没有常规CVRF的参与者(无CVRF的总人群)。 该人群的受试者纳入标准为:当前未吸烟者,未经治疗的血压<140/90 mmHg,空腹血糖(FBG)<7.0 mmol / L,总胆固醇(TC)<6.2 mmol / L,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇< 4.1 mmol / L,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇≥1.0 mmol / L。 具有最优CVRF的亚组(CVRF-最优亚组;n = 188)的纳入标准为:血压<120/80 mmHg,TC <5.2 mmol / L以及FBG <5.6 mmol / L。 对临床走访、体格检查、血清抽取、颈动脉内膜中层厚度(cIMT)和ufPWV进行评价。使用95%置信区间的调整优势比(OR)和有序逻辑回归模型。

      在无CVRF的受试者中,有46.2-54.5%存在颈动脉硬化。在无CVRF的总人群和CVRF-最优亚组中,年龄、男性和体重指数(BMI)与颈动脉硬化独立相关(年龄= 1.10-1.11,男性= 2.65-7.19,OR BMI = 1.34-1.62;p <0.05)。仅在无CVRF的总人群中,颈动脉硬化与TC有相关性(TC的OR = 1.84;p = 0.034)。

1 盒须图(n=517)显示了CVRF-最优和无CVRF亚组cIMT、PWV-BS和PWV-ES按(a-c)性别或(d-f) BMI (< 25 kg/m2 vs ≥25 kg/m2)分类之间的比较。* p < 0.05;* * p < 0.01;* * * p < 0.001

2(a)cIMT(n = 517)测量值的分布分析。红色代表CVRF最佳亚组中的cIMT测量值,蓝色代表无CVRF亚组中的cIMT测量值。 纵轴显示cIMT。左侧的水平轴代表参与者的人数,右侧的水平轴代表参与者的比例(最佳:188;无:329)。(b)不同cIMTs (< 0.050 cm vs.≥0.050 cm)内CVRF-最佳和无CVRF亚组PWV-BS和PWV-ES测量值的对比图。* p <0.05;** p <0.01;*** p <0.001

      研究表明,许多无CVRF的个体也会有颈动脉硬化的情况。同时证明了使用ufPWV进行常规CVRF相关的颈动脉硬化的体内成像的潜力。由于ufPWV有助于对动脉粥样硬化进行早期评价,并可能进一步显示没有CVRF的健康成年人的真实身体状况,因此有助于确定可能从早期临床干预中受益的个体。


原始出处:

Zheng-Qiu Zhu,Ling-Shan Chen,Xue-Zhong Jiang,et al. Absent atherosclerotic risk factors are associated with carotid stiffening quantified with ultrafast ultrasound imaging.DOI:10.1007/s00330-020-07405-4

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    2021-06-12 病毒猎手

    #动脉粥样硬化#心,颈,颅内,颅外的血管一样吗??

    0

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在多变量分析中,sdLDL-C、LDL-C和脂蛋白(a)均对ASCVD风险具有显著影响,sdLDL-C是最容易引起动脉粥样硬化的脂蛋白指标。

Circulation:免疫检查点抑制剂治疗可加快动脉粥样硬化斑块进展

免疫检查点抑制剂(ICIs)广泛应用于癌症治疗。一致的基本数据表明,这些相同的检查点是动脉粥样硬化的关键负调节因子。该研究旨在测明确ICI是否会加速动脉粥样硬化、增加动脉粥样硬化相关心血管事件风险。

Eur Heart J:中性粒细胞-淋巴细胞比值与动脉粥样硬化事件的关系

NLR是一种容易获得的炎症生物标志物,可独立预测CV风险和全因死亡率,可通过用卡那单抗阻断白介素-1β来降低NLR。

梅举:微创左胸小切口多支冠脉搭桥术

冠状动脉旁路移植术(Coronary Artery Bypass Graft, CABG)常规使用胸腹正中切口,而这一方法创伤大,术后伤口较大,恢复慢且易产生并发症。

Int J Vitam Nutr Res:白藜芦醇并不会降低非酒精性脂肪肝患者动脉粥样硬化的风险

心血管疾病(CVD)是导致非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)患者死亡的主要原因。白藜芦醇是一种天然的多酚化合物,以其抗氧化和抗动脉粥样硬化的特性而闻名,有研究显示白藜芦醇可降低非酒精性脂肪肝患者的CVD

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