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JAMA:对极度早产儿进行动脉导管未闭早期筛查可以降低死亡率

2015-06-28 崔倩 译 MedSci原创

背景:目前极度早产儿的动脉导管未闭(PDA),在筛查和治疗方面没有达成共识。较少药理关闭和更有利的管理一直没有发现来支持这些变化。    意义:为了评估PDA早期超声心动图筛查和住院死亡率之间的关联。    方法:在EPIPAGE2以全国人口为基础的前瞻性人群队列研究中,对招募的经过筛查和未经筛查的早产儿进行了比较,其中包括法国从2011

背景:目前极度早产儿的动脉导管未闭(PDA),在筛查和治疗方面没有达成共识。较少药理关闭和更有利的管理一直没有发现来支持这些变化。
    
意义:为了评估PDA早期超声心动图筛查和住院死亡率之间的关联。
    
方法:在EPIPAGE2以全国人口为基础的前瞻性人群队列研究中,对招募的经过筛查和未经筛查的早产儿进行了比较,其中包括法国从2011年4月到12月出生的不足29孕周及在68个新生儿重症监护病房的早产儿。两个主要的分析对潜在的选择偏差进行了调整,一个使用倾向得分匹配,一个使用新生儿病房偏爱得早期筛查超声心动图作为工具变量。早期超声心动图筛查为出生3天内。主要成果是出生后3天和出院的死亡。次要终点是主要新生儿发病率(肺出血,严重的支气管肺发育不良,严重脑损伤和坏死性小肠结肠炎)。
    
结果:在有可用数据的1513名早产儿中,847名进行了PDA筛查,666名没有进行筛查;从每个组选出605名婴儿可进行配对。进行筛查的婴儿在住院期间治疗PDA比那些未进行筛查的婴儿更频繁(55.1% vs 43.1%;比值比[OR],1.62[95%Cl,1.31〜2.00];每100名婴儿减少绝对风险[ARR]事件, -12.0[95%Cl,-17.3到-6.7)。经过筛查的婴儿有较低的住院死亡率(14.2% vs 18.5%;OR,0.73[95%Cl,0.54〜0.98];ARR,4.3[95%ClI,0.3〜8.3])和较低的肺出血率(5.6% vs 8.9%;OR,0.60[95%Cl,0.38〜0.95];ARR,3.3[95%Cl,0.4〜6.3])。在坏死性小肠结肠炎,重症支气管肺发育不良,或严重的脑损伤的发生率没有观察到差异。在整体队列中,工具变量分析得到的调整的住院死亡率OR为0.62[95%Cl,0.37〜1.04。
    
结论:在这个以全国人口为基础的极早产儿队列研究中,出生后3天的超声心动图筛查与较低的院内死亡率和肺出血相关,但在坏死性小肠结肠炎,严重的支气管肺发育不良,或严重的脑损伤方面没有差异。然而,工具变量分析结果留下了一些含糊不清的解释,需要进行长期评估提供清晰的解释。

原始出处:

Jean-Christophe Rozé,Gilles Cambonie,Laetitia Marchand-Martin,Veronique Gournay, ,et al.Association Between Early Screening for Patent Ductus Arteriosus and In-Hospital Mortality Among Extremely Preterm InfantsJAMA,2015.6.23

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