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Mov Disord:早期帕金森患者,脑脊液的神经递质如何变化?

2021-08-04 Freema MedSci原创

早期帕金森患者,脑脊液的神经递质如何变化?

帕金森病(PD)的特点是黑质旁的多巴胺能神经元逐渐丧失,但也有其他神经递质的消耗,如纹状体的5-羟色胺和下丘脑和额叶皮层的去甲肾上腺素。脑脊液(CSF)是这些分子生物标志物的最近端来源。

尽管CSF的生物标志物的量化改善了阿尔茨海默病的早期诊断,但没有类似的蛋白生物标志物用于PD诊断。神经递质代谢物代表了PD特异性神经变性的潜在代理,并可能作为疾病严重程度及其进展的有前途的生物标志物。

有研究发现:PD中多巴胺代谢物,特别是主要的多巴胺代谢物高香草酸(homovanillic acid,HVA)的水平下降。然而,它们在监测疾病进展方面的效用受到了质疑,主要是因为DATATOP(去甲肾上腺素和生育酚抗氧化治疗帕金森病)研究的结果,其中通过气相色谱-质谱法重复测量CSF的多巴胺代谢物产生了不同的结果。

尽管人们努力使CSF的收集、处理和测量标准化,但对儿茶酚胺水平的潜在混杂因素仍然存在(例如,昼夜变化、CSF总量),并可能阻碍可靠的定量分析。

尽管带电化学检测的高效液相色谱法(HPLC-ECD)和气相色谱-质谱法以前被认为是分析多巴胺及其代谢物的金标准,但LC-MS/MS(液相色谱与串联质谱法)在过去20年中已经发展起来,其灵敏度与HPLC-ECD相当,选择性大大增强。

LC-MS/MS减少了分析前处理的复杂性,现在被认为是定量分析的黄金标准。它可以同时分析CSF中多巴胺能(dopaminergic)(如,3,4-二羟基苯丙氨酸[DOPA]、多巴胺、3,4-二羟基苯乙酸[DOPAC])、去甲肾上腺素能(noradrenergic)(如,3,4-二羟基苯甘氨酸[DOPA])的代谢物。3,4-二羟基苯乙二醇、4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯乙二醇)和血清素能(serotonergic)(如,5-羟基-3-吲哚乙酸[5-HIAA])途径

藉此,巴塞尔罗氏药物研究中心的Thomas Kremer等人,首次应用LC-MS/MS测量单中心新发帕金森病(DeNoPa)队列的人类CSF样本中的多种单胺代谢物浓度。同时评估多中心帕金森病进展标志物倡议(PPMI)研究中的纵向变化,以评估它们作为帕金森病严重程度及其进展的生物标志物的效用。

通过液相色谱-串联质谱法对PPMI和新发帕金森病(DeNoPA)研究中的161名早期帕金森病患者和115名HCs的CSF中多种单胺代谢物的绝对水平进行了定量分析。

他们发现:与HCs相比,PD患者的HVA和3,4-二羟基苯乙酸(DOPAC)的基线水平较低。

HVA水平与运动障碍协会统一帕金森病评分(MDS-UPDRS)总分相关(P < 0.01)。

HVA/多巴胺和DOPAC/多巴胺水平都与尾状核相关,

原始DOPAC与壳核(putamen)多巴胺转运体单光子发射计算机断层成像摄取率相关(P < 0.01)。

无药物治疗者的代谢物在2年内没有变化,但有些代谢物在开始左旋多巴治疗时发生变化。

该研究的重要意义在于:发现了HVA和DOPAC的CSF水平反映了黑质体通路的损害,证实了多巴胺能变性在早期PD中的核心作用。


原文出处;
Kremer T, Taylor KI, Siebourg‐Polster J, et al. Longitudinal Analysis of Multiple Neurotransmitter Metabolites in Cerebrospinal Fluid in Early Parkinson’s Disease. _Mov Disord_. May 2021:mds.28608. doi:10.1002/mds.28608.

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    2021-08-23 cmsvly
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    2021-08-04 智慧药

    学习了 学习了

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