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J Invest Dermatol:雄激素受体介导的旁分泌信号诱导雄激素性脱发毛乳头血管退行性变

2022-01-21 医路坦克 MedSci原创

雄激素性脱发(AGA),本研究表明,在毛囊小型化的早期,DP细胞的AR介导的旁分泌信号(主要是转化生长因子-β信号)诱导了DP内血管的退化,并支持了早期抗雄激素治疗优于晚期抗雄激素治疗的观点。

      雄激素性脱发(AGA),或男性型秃顶,是一种常见的雄激素依赖型脱发障碍,在男性和女性中都会发生。它的特点是粗的末端毛发逐渐地、有图案地转变成细的绒毛(称为毛囊小型化),最终导致秃顶。所有毛囊(HFs)在一生中反复经历生长(生长期)、退化期(退化期)、休止期(休止期)的周期。在AGA中,毛囊的小型化发生在毛囊周期中,伴随着生长期的缩短和休止期的延长。这导致静息HFs的百分比增加,产生微观毛发(确定是这个名词?)。毛囊周期依赖于HF干细胞(HfSCs)的活动,hfSCs主要由HFs底部的信号中心真皮乳头(DP)控制。在人类头皮毛囊中,穿透DP的血管被认为是负责向DP提供营养以支持HFs生长的Journal预先防御。然而,在毛囊生物学领域,尤其是在毛发疾病方面,尚未见有关DP中血管行为的报道。

     虽然AGA的分子发病机制仍不清楚,但双氢睾酮(DHT)和雄激素受体信号通路被认为是AGA发生所必需的。以前的研究表明,具有II5型α还原酶基因缺陷的男性不会秃顶。II5DHT还原酶是一种将睾酮转化为二羟色胺的酶。目前公认的治疗AGA的方法包括非那雄胺、米诺地尔和毛发移植。非那雄胺(一种选择性的II5型α还原酶抑制剂)的治疗作用进一步证实了双羟色胺及其受体AR在AGA发病机制中的重要作用。全基因组关联研究(GW AS)也揭示了雄激素受体基因(AR)及其邻近的胞外营养不良蛋白A2受体基因(EDA2R)是AGA的主要基因座。尽管已有证据表明雄激素和雄激素受体信号通路在AGA发生发展中的重要性,但AR在AGA毛囊中的具体定位仍存在争议,AR参与AGA发病的下游机制仍很不明确。

     在本研究中,我们显示AR患者的头皮秃顶真皮乳头(DP)中AR的核定位升高。考虑到AR在DP中的特定定位和AR的重要性,我们对AGA患者额叶和非额叶枕头皮的DP进行了完整的转录组测序,以研究AGA的发病机理。结果显示,与AGA患者的非秃顶头皮相比,秃顶头皮DP中的微血管异常。我们进一步证实,在AGA发育的毛囊小型化的起始阶段,秃顶头皮的DP中血管消失了。巧合的是,我们发现在小鼠中,随着生长期的开始,微血管在DP周围增加,并且血管生成对于毛发再生是必需的。在机制上,我们证明了旁分泌信号传导,主要是TGF-β信号传导,来自受AR调节的DP细胞的Journal Pre-proof促进了AGA发育中秃顶头皮DP中微血管内皮细胞的凋亡。

    综上所述,本研究表明,在毛囊小型化的早期,DP细胞的AR介导的旁分泌信号(主要是转化生长因子-β信号)诱导了DP内血管的退化,并支持了早期抗雄激素治疗优于晚期抗雄激素治疗的观点。

文献来源:Deng Z,  Chen M,  Liu F,Androgen receptor-mediated paracrine signaling induces regression of blood vessels in the dermal papilla in androgenetic alopecia.J Invest Dermatol 2022 Jan 13;

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    2022-12-19 gwc392
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    2022-01-22 lfcmxl

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