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宫颈病变治疗后: 可不可以接种HPV疫苗?

2021-01-22 太后殿下 张师前公众号

人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)疫苗在预防特定型别的HPV感染,继而减少宫颈癌前病变的发生,降低子宫颈癌发病率的作用十分显著。

人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)疫苗在预防特定型别的HPV感染,继而减少宫颈癌前病变的发生,降低子宫颈癌发病率的作用十分显著。

研究资料表明,对于从未感染过HPV的女性,接种HPV以后,可避免宫颈癌前病变(CIN2/3)和宫颈癌的效果达到90% ~ 100%,对于未感染HPV的年轻女孩效果更佳。因此,世界卫生组织在2017年发布的HPV疫苗立场文件中提出,将9 ~ 14岁未发生性行为的女孩作为HPV疫苗接种的首要目标人群,15岁以上的女性作为次要目标人群。对于一过性感染的年轻女性,即曾检查HPV阳性后转为阴性的年轻女性,有研究显示,接种HPV疫苗也可以达到较好的预防效果,对16 ~ 26岁女性的保护效力可达到100%,对24 ~ 45岁女性也能够达到近70%的预防效果。

现有的手段可以有效治疗高级别CIN,但大约7%的女性会在治疗后2年内发生CIN 2级或CIN 2+级病变复发。切缘受累和持续HPV感染是公认的复发预测因素。系统综述发现,治疗后3个月,大约28%的患者HPV仍然为阳性,且年龄越大持续阳性时间越长。

除短期癌前病变复发风险升高外,接受过高级别CIN治疗的妇女罹患宫颈癌和死亡的风险也高于普通人群,这种风险甚至可能持续10-25年甚至以上,宫颈癌发生的风险随着年龄的增长而增加。其他HPV相关肿瘤(包括阴道、外阴、肛门和口腔/咽喉癌)以及癌前病变风险也长期增加。

现有研究证据已表明,为患有高级别CIN病变妇女治疗后提供预防性HPV疫苗,与未接种疫苗的对照组比较,有减少高级别CIN病变复发的风险。

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    2021-01-23 ms2888740434207711

    有具体文章吗?

    0

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    2021-01-22 lovetcm

    张师前教授专号

    0

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