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“SCI之父”去世,他曾说用SCI评估科研不合理

2017-03-01 佚名 澎湃新闻

据《科学家》杂志(The Scientist)2月27日报道,美国科学信息研究所(Institute for Scientific Information)创始人、“SCI之父”尤金·加菲尔德(Eugene Garfield)于26日在美国宾夕法尼亚州去世,享年91岁。

据《科学家》杂志(The Scientist)2月27日报道,美国科学信息研究所(Institute for Scientific Information)创始人、“SCI之父”尤金·加菲尔德(Eugene Garfield)于26日在美国宾夕法尼亚州去世,享年91岁。


加菲尔德是美国著名的情报学家和科学计量学家。他于1925年出生于纽约,于1955年创建美国科学信息研究所,于1961年在宾夕法尼亚大学获得结构语言学的博士学位。

1955年,他第一次在《科学》杂志提出“引文索引”设想,即提供一种文献计量学的工具来帮助科学家识别感兴趣的文献,开创了从引文角度来研究文献及科学发展动态的新领域。而现在人们所说的影响因子一般是指从1975年开始,“期刊引证”报告(JCR报告)提供的世界范围期刊的引用数据及运算结果。

“在信息科学领域,他是个举足轻重、不容忽视的人物。”宾夕法尼亚大学图书馆主任H. Carton Rogers III在一份声明中称,“我们会深深怀念他。”

据中国科学院官网和科学网的报道,2009年加菲尔德首次在中国公众面前亮相,与数百名中国科教界专家、文献计量学专家和年轻学子展开对话。

“我发现,现在中国把最好的文章都发表在国外的期刊上,这个是没有办法控制的。”当时加菲尔德直言,“但是中国科研工作者本身并不缺乏创新型的思想,只是把这些研究成果发表在其他一些期刊上,所以区域性的期刊包括本土性的期刊影响力就不像国际期刊影响力那么高。”

就在一个月前,中国学界曾就“影响因子”“量化评估”等问题展开又一轮争议。据2009年的活动现场记录,其实当时加菲尔德就在中国亲自对“利用SCI论文数量、期刊影响因子来评估科研”等问题作出回应:“首先大家要意识到一点,尽管这篇文章发表在很好的期刊上,比如《自然》《科学》,但它可能永远没被人引用过,而这些期刊上很多一般的文章也只被引用过几次,而只有少数文章引用是特别多的。所以用期刊影响因子来评估每个人的科研表现和科研能力,包括他个人的评估,奖金也好,赞助也好,都是不合理的。”

他还提及,这个问题早在40多年前就开始了,连美国大学的校长在评估大学老师能不能得到终身教职时也躲不开这个问题,“评估一个人能不能拿到终身职位的时候,他们也会利用SCI数据库来作为评估的标准,但是严格来说这个标准不能评估个人的研究。”他反复强调SCI数据库只是一种评估工具。

“但问题是,现在很多科研管理者很懒惰,就希望一个数字能解决所有的评价问题——单独给我们一个数字,快但不合理。比如在美国,评估学者是不是能成为终身教授的时候,理想的情况是,已经成为终身教授的这些人坐在一起,把这位老师的论文拿来一篇一篇读,他到底是好的还是不好的?是要经过同行来评议的。”加菲尔德说,“现在中国评估的标准非常像35年前意大利的情况。当时意大利政府说把SCI拿来,因为它是一个国际标准数据库,用它来评估我们科研人员。在世界上许多国家也是这样做。但是它并不合理。”

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1625599, encodeId=84131625599ac, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1d813e2239c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#去世#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=37223, encryptionId=1d813e2239c, topicName=去世)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=5cf720829073, createdName=psybestwish, createdTime=Fri Mar 03 01:36:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=178375, encodeId=7ca51e8375c7, content=看过了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160914/IMG57D82E721DB581755.jpg, createdBy=4fc81933929, createdName=明天会更好!, createdTime=Wed Mar 01 14:31:40 CST 2017, time=2017-03-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=178368, encodeId=d5ae1e83680e, content=我就是想看看, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=98, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160616/IMG5762A3665DC7B3997.jpg, createdBy=df0a1649089, createdName=ys2323, createdTime=Wed Mar 01 14:03:54 CST 2017, time=2017-03-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=178361, encodeId=b0371e83619d, content=用科研去评价医疗水平就更加不合理了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2020/03/02/00cc1f8abece8e6faa16966d16e7b648.jpg, createdBy=cdf21776037, createdName=11bb77eam47(暂无昵称), createdTime=Wed Mar 01 12:39:28 CST 2017, time=2017-03-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=178351, encodeId=9a9a1e83512e, content=科学道理, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=103, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160718/IMG578C993D395567540.jpg, createdBy=59b81918946, createdName=flysky120, createdTime=Wed Mar 01 10:46:06 CST 2017, time=2017-03-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-03-01 明天会更好!

    看过了

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1625599, encodeId=84131625599ac, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1d813e2239c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#去世#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=37223, encryptionId=1d813e2239c, topicName=去世)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=5cf720829073, createdName=psybestwish, createdTime=Fri Mar 03 01:36:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=178375, encodeId=7ca51e8375c7, content=看过了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160914/IMG57D82E721DB581755.jpg, createdBy=4fc81933929, createdName=明天会更好!, createdTime=Wed Mar 01 14:31:40 CST 2017, time=2017-03-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=178368, encodeId=d5ae1e83680e, content=我就是想看看, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=98, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160616/IMG5762A3665DC7B3997.jpg, createdBy=df0a1649089, createdName=ys2323, createdTime=Wed Mar 01 14:03:54 CST 2017, time=2017-03-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=178361, encodeId=b0371e83619d, content=用科研去评价医疗水平就更加不合理了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2020/03/02/00cc1f8abece8e6faa16966d16e7b648.jpg, createdBy=cdf21776037, createdName=11bb77eam47(暂无昵称), createdTime=Wed Mar 01 12:39:28 CST 2017, time=2017-03-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=178351, encodeId=9a9a1e83512e, content=科学道理, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=103, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160718/IMG578C993D395567540.jpg, createdBy=59b81918946, createdName=flysky120, createdTime=Wed Mar 01 10:46:06 CST 2017, time=2017-03-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-03-01 ys2323

    我就是想看看

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1625599, encodeId=84131625599ac, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1d813e2239c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#去世#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=37223, encryptionId=1d813e2239c, topicName=去世)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=5cf720829073, createdName=psybestwish, createdTime=Fri Mar 03 01:36:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=178375, encodeId=7ca51e8375c7, content=看过了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160914/IMG57D82E721DB581755.jpg, createdBy=4fc81933929, createdName=明天会更好!, createdTime=Wed Mar 01 14:31:40 CST 2017, time=2017-03-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=178368, encodeId=d5ae1e83680e, content=我就是想看看, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=98, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160616/IMG5762A3665DC7B3997.jpg, createdBy=df0a1649089, createdName=ys2323, createdTime=Wed Mar 01 14:03:54 CST 2017, time=2017-03-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=178361, encodeId=b0371e83619d, content=用科研去评价医疗水平就更加不合理了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2020/03/02/00cc1f8abece8e6faa16966d16e7b648.jpg, createdBy=cdf21776037, createdName=11bb77eam47(暂无昵称), createdTime=Wed Mar 01 12:39:28 CST 2017, time=2017-03-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=178351, encodeId=9a9a1e83512e, content=科学道理, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=103, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160718/IMG578C993D395567540.jpg, createdBy=59b81918946, createdName=flysky120, createdTime=Wed Mar 01 10:46:06 CST 2017, time=2017-03-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-03-01 11bb77eam47(暂无昵称)

    用科研去评价医疗水平就更加不合理了

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1625599, encodeId=84131625599ac, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1d813e2239c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#去世#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=37223, encryptionId=1d813e2239c, topicName=去世)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=5cf720829073, createdName=psybestwish, createdTime=Fri Mar 03 01:36:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=178375, encodeId=7ca51e8375c7, content=看过了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160914/IMG57D82E721DB581755.jpg, createdBy=4fc81933929, createdName=明天会更好!, createdTime=Wed Mar 01 14:31:40 CST 2017, time=2017-03-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=178368, encodeId=d5ae1e83680e, content=我就是想看看, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=98, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160616/IMG5762A3665DC7B3997.jpg, createdBy=df0a1649089, createdName=ys2323, createdTime=Wed Mar 01 14:03:54 CST 2017, time=2017-03-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=178361, encodeId=b0371e83619d, content=用科研去评价医疗水平就更加不合理了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2020/03/02/00cc1f8abece8e6faa16966d16e7b648.jpg, createdBy=cdf21776037, createdName=11bb77eam47(暂无昵称), createdTime=Wed Mar 01 12:39:28 CST 2017, time=2017-03-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=178351, encodeId=9a9a1e83512e, content=科学道理, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=103, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160718/IMG578C993D395567540.jpg, createdBy=59b81918946, createdName=flysky120, createdTime=Wed Mar 01 10:46:06 CST 2017, time=2017-03-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-03-01 flysky120

    科学道理

    0

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