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Nature子刊:捐赠者年龄影响诱导多能干细胞(iPSC)中的突变风险

2016-12-26 Gary Cell

一项新的研究表明,用来自年长者的样品产生的诱导多能干细胞(iPSC)含有的体细胞突变比年轻人的多,尽管进行了重编程,年长者的iPSC但仍保留了一些年龄相关的甲基化标记。该研究结果近期发表在《Nature Biotechnology》上。Scripps转化科学研究所基因组信息学主任Ali Torkamani和神经科学研究员Kristin Baldwin等人利用来自15个人的样品制备了iPSC。这些捐


一项新的研究表明,用来自年长者的样品产生的诱导多能干细胞iPSC)含有的体细胞突变比年轻人的多,尽管进行了重编程,年长者的iPSC但仍保留了一些年龄相关的甲基化标记。该研究结果近期发表在《Nature Biotechnology》上。

Scripps转化科学研究所基因组信息学主任Ali Torkamani和神经科学研究员Kristin Baldwin等人利用来自15个人的样品制备了iPSC。这些捐赠者包括5名小于30岁的年轻人,5名年龄为49~79岁的中年人,以及5名86~100岁的老年人。

研究人员对干细胞使用基于芯片的甲基化谱分析和外显子组测序,发现iPSC细胞系中的体细胞突变率,以及与年龄相关的胞嘧啶甲基化标签的持久性,都随着个体年龄的增长而增加。但是,年龄相关的突变似乎在由90岁以上老年人样品产生的iPSC细胞中趋于平衡或下降,这可能是由于在该年龄组中血祖细胞的分裂比预期中的更低。

Torkamani说,“任何时候细胞的分裂都有一定的突变风险,这种风险会随着时间加倍。我们的研究结果表明,源自年长者细胞的iPSC突变的风险增加。”

作者还指出,“持续传代(extended passaging)可消除大部分残留的异常DNA甲基化,这表明改进的重编程技术或增强的甲基化监测可以提高iPSC的安全性与质量。”

iPSC中的突变和甲基化会随着年龄的增加而增多

虽然iPSC是有前景的细胞替代治疗方法,但影响iPSC质量和随后细胞分化的全部因素,包括为iPSC的产生提供体细胞组织的个体的年龄,尚未完全了解清楚。在使用个体自身体细胞组织产生的iPSC以避免免疫应答或者免疫抑制时,这些考虑特别重要。

文章共同作者、Scripps转化科学研究所的基因组学研究员Eric Topol说,“使用iPSC进行治疗已经开始在日本进行,用在了一个年龄相关性黄斑变性的女性身上。因此,我们必须充分了解衰老对这些用于治疗的细胞的影响。”

研究人员使用Agilent SureSelect 技术捕获每个人的血细胞样本和3个iPSC细胞系中的蛋白编码序列,采用Illumina HiSeq 2500平台进行测序。他们还使用Illumina Infinium芯片分析了细胞在重编程前后的胞嘧啶甲基化模式。

与以往研究结果一致,研究小组追踪外周血单核细胞样本中的胞嘧啶甲基化标签,发现与个体年龄相对应。即使是在重编程后,年长者iPSC细胞中这些位点的甲基化水平也明显高于年轻人iPSC细胞。

研究人员重点关注了在细胞重编程产生iPSC过程中通常会去甲基化的3896个胞嘧啶甲基化位点。结果发现,这些位点在年长者iPSC中的甲基化水平仍然高于年轻人,年长者iPSC中的总体甲基化水平要比年轻人iPSC中高出约5%。

约30多个位点在年长者iPSC细胞中倾向于持续甲基化,研究小组发现,额外的细胞传代最终导致iPSC在28个位点上的甲基化水平更年轻化。

至于体细胞突变,来自90岁老年人的iPSC含有的体细胞突变是20岁年轻人的两倍,反映了突变与衰老之间的一般关系。但这种关系在90岁以上年龄组中减弱,这可能是由于在特别年长者中造血干细胞池减少。

作者总结道,“这项研究突出了一些在重编程技术的临床转化中应该考虑的因素,并提供了一种方法来调查年龄对iPSC和体细胞的遗传及表观遗传特征的影响。”

参考文献:Influence of donorage on induced pluripotent stem cells. Nature Biotechnology (2016)doi:10.1038/nbt.3749

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    2017-08-27 liye789132251
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    2016-12-28 chengjn
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    2016-12-28 gjsgj
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    2016-12-28 neurosurgeon

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