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成人腹膜后黄色瘤超声表现1例

2020-07-08 田梅 邱逦 临床超声医学杂志

患者男,56岁。因外院CT检查证实左侧腹膜后巨大肿块(性质不明),遂来我院进一步治疗。体格检查:一般情况可,腰区左右对称,未见明显凸起或包块;触诊时左侧腰区肋下缘至髂嵴间触及一大小约10.0 cm&t

患者男,56岁。因外院CT检查证实左侧腹膜后巨大肿块(性质不明),遂来我院进一步治疗。体格检查:一般情况可,腰区左右对称,未见明显凸起或包块;触诊时左侧腰区肋下缘至髂嵴间触及一大小约10.0 cm×7.0 cm的包块,边界较清楚,表面光滑,质偏硬,活动差,无明显压痛,局部皮温正常;听诊未闻及血管杂音。实验室检查:胆固醇、脂蛋白、甘油三酯及肾功能相关指标均正常。

超声检查:左肾后下方见大小约12.0 cm×9.0 cm的团状弱回声区,边界清楚,形态规则,内部回声不均匀,呈网格状(图1A),内未探及明显血流信号;该团块与左肾分界清楚(图1B),与腰大肌关系密切;左肾、脾形态大小未见异常。超声诊断:腹膜后实性占位。


图1 左侧腹膜后包块声像图。A:团块边界清楚,形态规则,回声不均匀,呈网格状;B:团块与左肾分界清楚

后行开放性左腹膜后包块切除术治疗,术中见:包块位于左侧腹膜后隙,大小约15.0cm×9.4cm×4.6 cm,表面光滑,质偏硬,活动性差;包块前上方与左肾之间有一间隙,内侧与腰大肌粘连紧密,下缘接近髂前上棘平面;完整切除包块后剖开,断面呈实性、黄色奶油样。

病理检查:包块组织主要由大量灶状泡沫细胞构成,呈结节状分布,部分区域可见炎性细胞浸润、成纤维组织增生伴少量胆固醇沉着、玻璃样变性,考虑黄色瘤。免疫组化:S-100(-),Leu-7(-),Desmin(-),SMA(-),inhibin(-),CD68(+),支持上述病理诊断。

讨论:

黄色瘤并非真正的肿瘤,是一种少见的脂代谢异常性疾病,生长缓慢,早期缺乏特异性症状。其病因及发病机制目前尚未完全清楚,多认为与脂代谢异常导致的血脂升高直接相关,因此常作为家族性高胆固醇血症较为特殊且有诊断价值的临床表现,但黄色瘤也可发生于血脂和脂蛋白正常的人群,本例患者即为此类。

既往文献报道黄色瘤好发于眼睑、臀、肘、膝部、肌腱等部位,目前尚未见腹膜后黄色瘤的文献报道。本例超声表现为腹膜后巨大团块状弱回声,边界清楚,形态规则,内部回声不均匀、呈网格状,可能与其病理下泡沫细胞呈结节状分布有关。由于该位置黄色瘤罕见,超声检查经验尚需积累,临床注意与腹膜后脂肪肉瘤、纤维肉瘤等恶性肿瘤相鉴别。

原始出处:

田梅,邱逦.成人腹膜后黄色瘤超声表现1例[J].临床超声医学杂志,2019,21(03):217.

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