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郭艺芳教授解读2014 AHA/ACC NSTE-ACS 指南

2014-09-28 郭艺芳教授 郭艺芳微博

        2014年9月23日,美国心脏病学会(ACC)和美国心脏学会(AHA)联合发布了2014版非ST段抬高型急性冠脉综合征(NSTE-ACS)患者管理指南。指南同时在线发表于《美国心脏病学会杂志》(Journal of the American College of Cardiology)和《循环》(C

        2014年9月23日,美国心脏病学会(ACC)和美国心脏学会(AHA)联合发布了2014版非ST段抬高型急性冠脉综合征(NSTE-ACS)患者管理指南。指南同时在线发表于《美国心脏病学会杂志》(Journal of the American College of Cardiology)和《循环》(Circulation)杂志。

        河北省人民医院郭艺芳教授在微博上分享了其对NSTE-ACS早期治疗的部分要点的见解。

        1、只为血氧饱和度<90%、呼吸困难或有其他缺氧表现的患者吸氧;

        2、 存在持续性缺血性胸痛症状者可舌下含服硝酸甘油,症状不缓解时每5分钟重复,共3次。若症状仍不缓解,可考虑静脉用药;

        3、伴持续性心肌缺血、心衰高血压的患者可静脉应用硝酸甘油;

        4、 近期使用过磷酸二酯酶抑制剂的患者禁用硝酸酯类药物;

        5、经过抗缺血药物充分治疗后若缺血性胸痛症状仍不缓解,可考虑静脉应用吗啡;

        6、除阿司匹林外,NSTE-ACS患者应用非类固醇类抗炎药(NSAID)可增加发生严重不良心脏事件的风险,故NSTE-ACS患者住院期间应禁用此类药物;

        7、若无心衰、心排量减低、心源性休克高风险或其他使用β受体阻滞剂的禁忌证,NSTE-ACS患者住院24小时内应启动口服β受体阻滞剂治疗;

        8、伴病情稳定的心衰或左心收缩功能降低的NSTE-ACS患者,应用β受体阻滞剂时应选用美托洛尔缓释剂、卡维地洛或比索洛尔;

        9、若患者初诊时存在β受体阻滞剂禁忌证,应在随后的治疗过程中再次评估,确定可否应用此类药物;

        10、左室功能正常的NSTE-ACS患者可继续应用β受体阻滞剂;

        11、若患者存在心源性休克的危险因素,禁止静脉应用β受体阻滞剂;

        12、存在复发性心肌缺血且禁忌应用β受体阻滞剂的患者,若不伴左室功能异常、心源性休克高危因素、PR间期>0.24秒、Ⅱ度或Ⅲ度房室传导阻滞但未安装起搏器等情况,可应用非二氢吡啶类钙拮抗剂;

        13、经β受体阻滞剂和硝酸酯类药物治疗后仍存在复发性缺血的患者,若无禁忌证可服用非二氢吡啶类钙拮抗剂;

        14、若β受体阻滞剂治疗无效或有禁忌证或不能耐受,可选用钙拮抗剂治疗(避免应用短效二氢吡啶类钙拮抗剂);

        15、存在冠状动脉痉挛的患者可应用长效钙拮抗剂;

        16、在未应用β受体阻滞剂的情况下,禁忌使用短效硝苯地平;

        17、无禁忌证的患者应开始或继续强效他汀治疗;

        18、伴左室射血分数(LVEF)<40%、高血压糖尿病或稳定性慢性肾脏病的患者,若无禁忌证应长期服用血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂(ACEI);

        19、不能耐受ACEI治疗的心衰或LVEF<40%的心梗患者,可用血管紧张素受体阻滞剂(ARB)治疗;

        20、所有确诊NSTE-ACS患者应立即服用非肠溶型阿司匹林162~325 mg;

        21、长期服用阿司匹林81~162 mg/d;

        22、不适于阿司匹林治疗的NSTE-ACS患者应予以氯吡格雷负荷剂量治疗并随后长期服用(75 mg/d);

        23、无论是否进行早期介入治疗,均应联合应用阿司匹林与P2Y12抑制剂共12个月(氯吡格雷300 mg或600 mg负荷剂量,随后75 mg/d维持;或替格瑞洛180 mg负荷剂量,随后90 mg bid维持);

        24、置入冠脉支架的患者应接受氯吡格雷、普拉格雷或替格瑞洛治疗至少12个月;

        25、接受早期介入治疗或缺血指导策略治疗的患者,替格瑞洛优于氯吡格雷;

        26、接受早期介入治疗以及双联抗血小板治疗的中高危患者(例如肌钙蛋白增高者),可考虑应用GP Ⅱb/Ⅲa抑制剂;

        27、住院期间或直至经皮冠脉介入术(PCI)前予以皮下注射依诺肝素治疗;

        28、接受早期介入治疗的患者应用比伐卢定治疗,直至行冠脉造影或PCI;

        29、住院期间或直至PCI前予以皮下注射璜达肝亏癸钠治疗;

        30、NSTE-ACS患者禁用静脉溶栓药。


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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1947577, encodeId=b710194e57789, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a0291309883' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#NSTE-ACS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13098, encryptionId=a0291309883, topicName=NSTE-ACS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=198d2500149, createdName=12498bd5m16暂无昵称, createdTime=Mon Apr 06 02:18:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1977495, encodeId=794319e7495e3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d9e5130962f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#NST#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13096, encryptionId=d9e5130962f, topicName=NST)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=80c5136, createdName=drj2003, createdTime=Wed Jun 17 07:18:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1267218, encodeId=6ca0126e2184c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=922f21183d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#AHA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2118, encryptionId=922f21183d, topicName=AHA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bf3d82, createdName=zhaohui6731, createdTime=Tue Sep 30 00:18:00 CST 2014, time=2014-09-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1279068, encodeId=f68b12e90682e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=316d1882bc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ACS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1882, encryptionId=316d1882bc, topicName=ACS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=102a153, createdName=yaanren, createdTime=Tue Sep 30 00:18:00 CST 2014, time=2014-09-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1324958, encodeId=36241324958d3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=96c71804b7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ACC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1804, encryptionId=96c71804b7, topicName=ACC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1e452500029, createdName=12498568m50暂无昵称, createdTime=Tue Sep 30 00:18:00 CST 2014, time=2014-09-30, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1947577, encodeId=b710194e57789, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a0291309883' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#NSTE-ACS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13098, encryptionId=a0291309883, topicName=NSTE-ACS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=198d2500149, createdName=12498bd5m16暂无昵称, createdTime=Mon Apr 06 02:18:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1977495, encodeId=794319e7495e3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d9e5130962f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#NST#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13096, encryptionId=d9e5130962f, topicName=NST)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=80c5136, createdName=drj2003, createdTime=Wed Jun 17 07:18:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1267218, encodeId=6ca0126e2184c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=922f21183d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#AHA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2118, encryptionId=922f21183d, topicName=AHA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bf3d82, createdName=zhaohui6731, createdTime=Tue Sep 30 00:18:00 CST 2014, time=2014-09-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1279068, encodeId=f68b12e90682e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=316d1882bc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ACS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1882, encryptionId=316d1882bc, topicName=ACS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=102a153, createdName=yaanren, createdTime=Tue Sep 30 00:18:00 CST 2014, time=2014-09-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1324958, encodeId=36241324958d3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=96c71804b7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ACC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1804, encryptionId=96c71804b7, topicName=ACC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1e452500029, createdName=12498568m50暂无昵称, createdTime=Tue Sep 30 00:18:00 CST 2014, time=2014-09-30, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-06-17 drj2003
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1947577, encodeId=b710194e57789, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a0291309883' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#NSTE-ACS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13098, encryptionId=a0291309883, topicName=NSTE-ACS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=198d2500149, createdName=12498bd5m16暂无昵称, createdTime=Mon Apr 06 02:18:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1977495, encodeId=794319e7495e3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d9e5130962f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#NST#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13096, encryptionId=d9e5130962f, topicName=NST)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=80c5136, createdName=drj2003, createdTime=Wed Jun 17 07:18:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1267218, encodeId=6ca0126e2184c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=922f21183d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#AHA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2118, encryptionId=922f21183d, topicName=AHA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bf3d82, createdName=zhaohui6731, createdTime=Tue Sep 30 00:18:00 CST 2014, time=2014-09-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1279068, encodeId=f68b12e90682e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=316d1882bc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ACS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1882, encryptionId=316d1882bc, topicName=ACS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=102a153, createdName=yaanren, createdTime=Tue Sep 30 00:18:00 CST 2014, time=2014-09-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1324958, encodeId=36241324958d3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=96c71804b7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ACC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1804, encryptionId=96c71804b7, topicName=ACC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1e452500029, createdName=12498568m50暂无昵称, createdTime=Tue Sep 30 00:18:00 CST 2014, time=2014-09-30, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2014-09-30 zhaohui6731
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1947577, encodeId=b710194e57789, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a0291309883' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#NSTE-ACS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13098, encryptionId=a0291309883, topicName=NSTE-ACS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=198d2500149, createdName=12498bd5m16暂无昵称, createdTime=Mon Apr 06 02:18:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1977495, encodeId=794319e7495e3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d9e5130962f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#NST#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13096, encryptionId=d9e5130962f, topicName=NST)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=80c5136, createdName=drj2003, createdTime=Wed Jun 17 07:18:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1267218, encodeId=6ca0126e2184c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=922f21183d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#AHA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2118, encryptionId=922f21183d, topicName=AHA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bf3d82, createdName=zhaohui6731, createdTime=Tue Sep 30 00:18:00 CST 2014, time=2014-09-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1279068, encodeId=f68b12e90682e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=316d1882bc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ACS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1882, encryptionId=316d1882bc, topicName=ACS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=102a153, createdName=yaanren, createdTime=Tue Sep 30 00:18:00 CST 2014, time=2014-09-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1324958, encodeId=36241324958d3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=96c71804b7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ACC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1804, encryptionId=96c71804b7, topicName=ACC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1e452500029, createdName=12498568m50暂无昵称, createdTime=Tue Sep 30 00:18:00 CST 2014, time=2014-09-30, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2014-09-30 yaanren
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1947577, encodeId=b710194e57789, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a0291309883' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#NSTE-ACS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13098, encryptionId=a0291309883, topicName=NSTE-ACS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=198d2500149, createdName=12498bd5m16暂无昵称, createdTime=Mon Apr 06 02:18:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1977495, encodeId=794319e7495e3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d9e5130962f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#NST#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13096, encryptionId=d9e5130962f, topicName=NST)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=80c5136, createdName=drj2003, createdTime=Wed Jun 17 07:18:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1267218, encodeId=6ca0126e2184c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=922f21183d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#AHA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2118, encryptionId=922f21183d, topicName=AHA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bf3d82, createdName=zhaohui6731, createdTime=Tue Sep 30 00:18:00 CST 2014, time=2014-09-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1279068, encodeId=f68b12e90682e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=316d1882bc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ACS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1882, encryptionId=316d1882bc, topicName=ACS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=102a153, createdName=yaanren, createdTime=Tue Sep 30 00:18:00 CST 2014, time=2014-09-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1324958, encodeId=36241324958d3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=96c71804b7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ACC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1804, encryptionId=96c71804b7, topicName=ACC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1e452500029, createdName=12498568m50暂无昵称, createdTime=Tue Sep 30 00:18:00 CST 2014, time=2014-09-30, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
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