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Alzheimers Dementia:轻度行为障碍,可预示痴呆进展

2022-02-07 Freeman MedSci原创

这些发现支持MBI的生物学基础,强调了晚年行为变化在痴呆症检测和预后中的重要性。

神经精神症状(NPS)在轻度认知障碍(MCI)(高达85%)和阿尔茨海默病(AD)(高达95%)患者中很常见。它们的存在与认知能力下降的速度加快、入院率提高、死亡风险加大、功能障碍5和照顾者的痛苦有关。NPS也可能发生在认知症状出现之前,在那里它们与发展为MCI和痴呆的更大风险有关。因此,在痴呆症的前驱阶段识别NPS可能对定义那些有疾病进展风险的人有好处。然而,有针对性的治疗取决于这些症状的潜在神经病理学。


轻度行为障碍(MBI)是一个有效的综合征,描述了老年痴呆症之前的晚年持续NPS的发病情况,并确定了一个高风险的状态。

MBI诊断框架包括NPS的五个领域:(1)驱动力/动机下降(冷漠),(2)情绪失调(情绪和焦虑症状),(3)冲动失调(激动、攻击、异常强化和奖励),(4)社会不适应(社会认知受损),以及(5)感知或思维内容异常(精神病性症状,即幻觉和妄想)。

MBI与AD相关的遗传标志物、轴突损失的血液生物标志物、结构性神经影像的变化以及淀粉样β和tau沉积的升高有关。MBI的存在也与从正常认知(CN)、主观认知下降(SCD)和MCI进展为MCI或AD的较高风险有关。

确认有MBI的CN人发生神经病理AD的风险将进一步确定晚年行为症状对痴呆预后的重要性,并确定潜在的风险缓解目标。


藉此,多伦多Sunnybrook Research Institute的Myuri Ruthirakuhan等人,利用国家阿尔茨海默氏症协调中心(NACC)的数据集,探究了MBI的存在对从CN到AD的进展的影响。


他们使用神经精神病学调查问卷,对国家阿尔茨海默氏症协调中心的认知正常的参与者(N = 11,372)按MBI状态进行分层。调查了MBI及其领域是否是临床诊断的AD进展的预测因素。还调查了那些有神经病理学数据的人,MBI作为预测进展到神经病理学证实的AD的因素。

他们发现:6%(N = 671)的参与者进展为AD。MBI(N = 2765)是临床诊断(危险比[HR] = 1.75)和神经病理学证实的AD(HR = 1.59)进展的一个重要预测因素。

MBI领域也与临床诊断的AD有关,其中精神病的影响最大(HR=6.49)。

这些发现支持MBI的生物学基础,强调了晚年行为变化在痴呆症检测和预后中的重要性。


原文出处:
[Ruthirakuhan M, Ismail Z, Herrmann N, Gallagher D, Lanctôt KL. Mild behavioral impairment is associated with progression to Alzheimer’s disease: A clinicopathological study. Alzheimer’s & Dementia. Published online February 2022:alz.12519. doi:10.1002/alz.12519](https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.12519)

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    2022-03-22 anminleiryan
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    2022-02-07 neuro.Dr

    老年性痴呆,未来还是希望借助神经电生理吧,也许更为有效!

    0

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AD谱系的患者表现出GM丰度的改变,这在不同的国家和临床阶段有不同的介导作用。

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JAMA:阿尔茨海默病血液生物标志物的变化以及与发生性全因痴呆的关联

AD特异性生物标志物与痴呆症的关联始于中年,而AD、神经元损伤和星形胶质细胞增生生物标志物的晚年测量都与痴呆症有关。

JAMA:在初级保健和二级保健中检测阿尔茨海默病的血液生物标志物

在初级和二级保健中使用预定义的临界值,APS2 和单独使用 p-tau217 的百分比对于识别有认知症状的个体 AD 具有很高的诊断准确性

JAMA Neuro:注意了,原因不明的瘙痒可能与额颞叶痴呆有关!

在患有 IUO 的个体中,与 AD 相比,FTLD-SD 的比例过高。

Neurology:多基因风险评分、APOE 基因型与痴呆症风险相关性分析

IC 与较高的痴呆症风险相关,尤其是那些合并有痴呆症易感基因的人。

Alzheimer Dementia:从患者和护理的角度看阿尔茨海默病生物标志物检测和结果

有痴呆生活经验者的观点为生物标志物检测的价值提供了新的视角,应作为证据指导下的检测前咨询和结果考虑因素的一部分。

Annals of Neurology:AD相关生物标志物对皮质基底综合征和进行性核上性麻痹的影响

AD生物标志物阳性可能会改变CBS/PSP的临床表现,并有证据表明与AD病理/共病理相关的独特的大脑结构和功能变化。

2023 国际指南:体力活动和锻炼用于轻度认知障碍和痴呆的预防和管理

国外神经内科相关专家小组(统称) · 2023-09-28

痴呆患者睡眠障碍管理的最佳证据总结

江苏医药职业学院 · 2023-03-22

痴呆诊断中PET临床合理化应用中国专家共识(2021版)

中国微循环学会神经变性病专业委员会 · 2021-11-25

痴呆诊断中 PET 临床合理化应用中国专家共识 (2021版)

中国微循环学会神经变性病专业委员会 · 2021-11-25

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