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Alzheimer's & Dementia:肺功能障碍居然会影响认知能力

2021-10-06 haibei MedSci原创

最近,在拉什记忆和老龄化项目(Rush Memory and Aging Project)中,研究人员对1377名无痴呆症的受试者进行了长达21年的跟踪。

肺功能测试(PF)是用于评估呼吸系统疾病患者的肺活量和呼吸能力的测试。由于弹性回位和胸廓顺应性的改变,PF会随着年龄的增长而下降,这将逐渐导致身体供氧量的下降。PF下降已被用于气道功能障碍和慢性呼吸道疾病的临床诊断。此外,不良的PF与老年人生活质量的降低和全因死亡率有关,使其成为公共健康的优先事项。

PF是完整评估呼吸系统的一个重要参数,可以用肺活量计测量。PF由呼气峰值流量(PEF;即呼气的最大速度)、1秒内强制呼气量(FEV1;即1秒内用力呼出的空气量)和强制肺活量(FVC;即最大吸气后能呼出的最大空气量)来评估。这一综合测量措施不仅反映了肺活量,也反映了呼吸过程中遇到的阻力。

越来越多的证据表明,肺部健康受损可能与认知能力的快速下降和老年痴呆症的风险增加有关。一些流行病学研究表明,PF指标(包括FEV1、FVC和PEF)与老年人的整体认知能力下降之间存在关联。然而,PF指标与特定领域认知功能之间的关系却不太清除。一项研究表明,低FEV1与空间能力、处理速度、语义记忆和工作记忆的下降有关。此外,一些研究报告了FEV1或FVC与表象记忆或语义记忆之间没有联系。

鉴于这些矛盾的结果,肺功能对认知功能的长期轨迹的影响仍然不清楚,特别是由于以前的研究经常使用单一的PF指标,而且随访时间相对较短(3-19年)。

人群研究流程图

最近,在拉什记忆和老龄化项目(Rush Memory and Aging Project)中,研究人员对1377名无痴呆症的受试者进行了长达21年的跟踪。用基线测量的综合得分来评估PF。每年,受试者的整体和特定领域的认知功能都会由19个认知测试构建评估。此外,351名参与者的子样本进行了脑磁共振成像,以调查PF和大脑结构体积之间的横断面关联。

研究人员发现,PF与整体认知和特定领域功能的快速下降有关,包括外显记忆、语义记忆、工作记忆、视觉空间能力和感知速度。此外,PF与全脑、白质和灰质的体积较小,以及白质高信号体积较大有关

综上,该研究结果表明,PF与更快的认知衰退有关,而神经变性和脑血管病变可能是这种关联的基础。

 

原始出处:

Jiao Wang al. Pulmonary function is associated with cognitive decline and structural brain differences. Alzheimer's & Dementia (2021). 

 

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    2021-12-06 ZZ张张

    学习了

    0

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    2021-11-20 ms1529274193131620

    学习了

    0

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    2021-11-19 ms2000000773850435

    学习

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    2021-10-07 老龙一点

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