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Biol Psychiatry:TMS+行为干预治疗PTSD

2021-11-09 自由影像之光 MedSci原创

重复的mPFC刺激与H7线圈可能干扰创伤记忆介导的消失。该研究结果为dTMS治疗PTSD提供了新的思路。

创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)是一种由战争、恐怖袭击、暴力犯罪、事故和自然灾害等创伤经历引起的与焦虑相关的障碍。创伤后应激障碍的症状持续至少1个月,包括4个明显的簇:

1)以噩梦、闪回或侵入性记忆的形式对创伤事件的侵入性再体验;

2)避免与创伤相关的刺激;

3)消极认知与情绪;

4)过度兴奋的症状,如夸张的惊吓反应、愤怒爆发、睡眠紊乱和持续的警报反应准备。创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)既普遍又使人衰弱。虽然深度经颅磁刺激(dTMS) 治疗PTSD已显示初步疗效,暴露疗法仍然是最有效的,尽管有限。内侧前额叶皮层(mPFC)与消退学习有关,提示同时进行mPFC刺激可能会增强暴露疗法。经颅磁刺激已被批准并作为一种治疗难治性抑郁症和强迫症的独立方法用于治疗,但最近的研究表明,经颅磁刺激与行为疗法协同使用可增强其疗效,在创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)中具有良好的应用前景。

Moshe Isserles等开展了一项随机对照多中心试验,使用dTMS联合一个简短的暴露程序对PTSD患者的疗效和安全性进行了研究。

125例门诊患者在暴露创伤后,随机分为两组。12个疗程在4周内进行,主要终点改变在5周临床医生管理的PTSD量表的DSM-5评分。该临床研究不包括生物标志物。

在第5周,两组患者的PTSD量表(DSM-5)评分均有显著改善,但dTMS组的改善(16.32)小于假dTMS组(20.52;p=0.027)。9周时,两组患者的PTSD量表DSM-5评分均有持续改善,但dTMS评分(19.0)与假dTMS评分(24.4;p=0.024)。

临床医生对深经颅磁刺激(dTMS)和假治疗组进行了DSM-5 PTSD量表(CAPS-5)评分。

在这项首次针对PTSD患者的多中心对照dTMS研究中,观察到了两种明显的效果。首先,在两组中,创伤后应激障碍症状迅速和显著改善,并在治疗后4周持续有效。第二,与研究假设相反,接受重复超短暴露结合假刺激的组比接受同样暴露并接受主动dTMS治疗的组改善更明显。在治疗后所有时间点的CAPS-5评分和改良PTSD症状量表(自我报告)得分中,假治疗组与dTMS的明显差异效应很明显。

综上所述,本研究显示使用超短SDI手术联合假颅磁刺激的整体反应优于预期。刺激的负面作用可能有助于描绘复杂的PTSD神经回路,进一步支持mPFC、dACC和DLPFC靶向创伤记忆的关键区域差异。独立于dTMS的SDI程序的明显的有益效果可能为新的PTSD治疗方法提供了一步。SDI以前主要作为功能成像研究的探针,在这里似乎有潜力作为一种有效的创伤聚焦、暴露为基础的治疗工具。未来的研究可能需要H1线圈或其他DLPFC与dACC/mPFC靶向dTMS线圈联合SDI进行比较。此外,mPFC、dACC和DLPFC的不同靶向性的应用应该在结合创伤再激活的研究范式中进行探索。

总的来说,这项工作有助于理解暴露疗法的过程,以及随着时间的推移,非常短暂、重复暴露的潜在效用,并为调节创伤消除或创伤后应激障碍治疗中靶向神经网络的关键差异提供新的见解。

原文出处

Isserles M, Tendler A, Roth Y, Bystritsky A, Blumberger DM, Ward H, et al. (2021): Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with brief exposure for posttraumatic stress disorder: A prospective multisite randomized trial. Biol Psychiatry 90:721–728.

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    2022-03-24 sunylz
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    2022-02-18 360611850

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