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JAMA Psychiatry:脑部褶皱告诉你患精神分裂症的风险!

2018-04-30 Tierna 生物探索

精神分裂症患者在发病前通常产生焦虑、抑郁或睡眠问题等症状。但是,这些症状与许多其他精神健康状况重叠,并不意味着一定会发展成精神分裂症,因此,很难根据它们判断是否患病。现在,一项新的研究表明,精神分裂症患者大脑中可能有一个特殊的“指纹”,通过分析这些大脑褶皱中的“指纹”可以帮助预测哪些有高风险精神分裂症的年轻人会继续患上这种疾病。

精神分裂症患者在发病前通常产生焦虑、抑郁或睡眠问题等症状。但是,这些症状与许多其他精神健康状况重叠,并不意味着一定会发展成精神分裂症,因此,很难根据它们判断是否患病。现在,一项新的研究表明,精神分裂症患者大脑中可能有一个特殊的“指纹”,通过分析这些大脑褶皱中的“指纹”可以帮助预测哪些有高风险精神分裂症的年轻人会继续患上这种疾病。

根据4月25日发表在《JAMA Psychiatry》杂志上一篇题为“Disorganized Gyrification Network Properties During the Transition to Psychosis”的文章报道,这种方法基于大脑的MRI扫描,通过研究不同大脑区域的折叠量(the amount of folding in different brain areas)之间的相关性,可以反映这些区域之间潜在联系的强度。利用这种方法,研究人员可以预测79名高危人群的结果,准确率高达80%。

1、发现大脑中的一条“皱纹”

与其他动物相比,人类大脑的表面特别皱。这种褶皱模式被称为皮层,是在出生前确定的,出生后的头两年变化很小。

主要研究人员、论文作者之一Palaniyappan和他的同事们之前对精神分裂症和孤独症患者的研究已经发现折叠模式的局部差异:当他们将患有这些疾病的人与普通人群进行比较时,他们发现一个大脑区域的表面更光滑,另一个区域的表面则更皱。

在以前的研究中,研究人员检查了所有的大脑区域以及它们折叠模式之间的关系。他们的想法是,如果两个大脑区域紧密相连,它们之间的折叠程度将是相似的。所以,如果一个人没有表现出和其他人一样的折叠模式,这可能说明大脑表面下的“布线”(in the wiring beneath the brain's surface)有问题。

2、MRI扫描验证“皱纹”差异

在新的研究中,研究小组收集了瑞士一组平均年龄为24岁的人的MRI脑部扫描。参与者包括79名有精神分裂症高危症状的人和44名健康对照者。

然后,他们对参与者进行了四年的跟踪调查,发现高风险人群中有16人患上了精神分裂症。

回顾脑部扫描,研究人员发现,在80%的情况下,折叠模式之间的关系可以正确识别谁患上了精神分裂症以及谁没有患精神分裂症。和对照组以及没有患上这种疾病的高危人群的褶皱相比,那些大脑网络紊乱的人大脑皮层区域的褶皱并没有那么紧密地联系在一起。

3、重要意义

值得注意的是,这些发现还需在未来的研究中被进一步证实,然后才能用于临床。此外,即便新方法能够在临床上被使用,仅靠简单的脑部扫描也不足以预测未来——它必须与其他症状结合使用。

“本研究的意义在于找出大脑结构中的线索,帮助临床医生更好地识别和治疗精神分裂症患者,以免他们因精神病发作而经历全面的精神分裂症、辍学或失业。”Lena Palaniyappan总结道。

原始出处:
Tushar Das, et al. Disorganized Gyrification Network Properties During the Transition to Psychosis. JAMA Psychiatry. Published online April 25, 2018.

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1792119, encodeId=08451e921190d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=696a14818df' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Psychiatry#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=129, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14818, encryptionId=696a14818df, topicName=Psychiatry)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c192448, createdName=diushouji, createdTime=Thu Nov 22 21:12:00 CST 2018, time=2018-11-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=316952, encodeId=c7d531695257, content=期待早日转化到临床, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=108, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTI97SZd5Ew0nbfpDTccjEOPlF1HIAt3MOmwgXYjI1Knj91xWZ351TRgllS1VNhicicrS1wQibqgZVS5w/132, createdBy=2afa2359482, createdName=wzzyz1, createdTime=Sun May 20 13:55:15 CST 2018, time=2018-05-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=312264, encodeId=e72e3122645d, content=很好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=106, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=dc072033922, createdName=1821e83055m, createdTime=Sat May 05 16:28:13 CST 2018, time=2018-05-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1404094, encodeId=9f441404094e6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7366e6493be' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#精神分裂#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=108, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=76493, encryptionId=7366e6493be, topicName=精神分裂)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTIXE1PadWxBeosSHpB06cC9uZflHWBnMib5rSPbq29kzxyzUPEqWfvlNl0DMmX9070Gdwbq4zwg4vg/132, createdBy=bfe92444551, createdName=bnurmamat, createdTime=Wed May 02 02:12:00 CST 2018, time=2018-05-02, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1792119, encodeId=08451e921190d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=696a14818df' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Psychiatry#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=129, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14818, encryptionId=696a14818df, topicName=Psychiatry)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c192448, createdName=diushouji, createdTime=Thu Nov 22 21:12:00 CST 2018, time=2018-11-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=316952, encodeId=c7d531695257, content=期待早日转化到临床, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=108, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTI97SZd5Ew0nbfpDTccjEOPlF1HIAt3MOmwgXYjI1Knj91xWZ351TRgllS1VNhicicrS1wQibqgZVS5w/132, createdBy=2afa2359482, createdName=wzzyz1, createdTime=Sun May 20 13:55:15 CST 2018, time=2018-05-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=312264, encodeId=e72e3122645d, content=很好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=106, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=dc072033922, createdName=1821e83055m, createdTime=Sat May 05 16:28:13 CST 2018, time=2018-05-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1404094, encodeId=9f441404094e6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7366e6493be' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#精神分裂#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=108, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=76493, encryptionId=7366e6493be, topicName=精神分裂)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTIXE1PadWxBeosSHpB06cC9uZflHWBnMib5rSPbq29kzxyzUPEqWfvlNl0DMmX9070Gdwbq4zwg4vg/132, createdBy=bfe92444551, createdName=bnurmamat, createdTime=Wed May 02 02:12:00 CST 2018, time=2018-05-02, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-05-20 wzzyz1

    期待早日转化到临床

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1792119, encodeId=08451e921190d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=696a14818df' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Psychiatry#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=129, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14818, encryptionId=696a14818df, topicName=Psychiatry)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c192448, createdName=diushouji, createdTime=Thu Nov 22 21:12:00 CST 2018, time=2018-11-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=316952, encodeId=c7d531695257, content=期待早日转化到临床, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=108, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTI97SZd5Ew0nbfpDTccjEOPlF1HIAt3MOmwgXYjI1Knj91xWZ351TRgllS1VNhicicrS1wQibqgZVS5w/132, createdBy=2afa2359482, createdName=wzzyz1, createdTime=Sun May 20 13:55:15 CST 2018, time=2018-05-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=312264, encodeId=e72e3122645d, content=很好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=106, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=dc072033922, createdName=1821e83055m, createdTime=Sat May 05 16:28:13 CST 2018, time=2018-05-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1404094, encodeId=9f441404094e6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7366e6493be' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#精神分裂#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=108, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=76493, encryptionId=7366e6493be, topicName=精神分裂)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTIXE1PadWxBeosSHpB06cC9uZflHWBnMib5rSPbq29kzxyzUPEqWfvlNl0DMmX9070Gdwbq4zwg4vg/132, createdBy=bfe92444551, createdName=bnurmamat, createdTime=Wed May 02 02:12:00 CST 2018, time=2018-05-02, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-05-05 1821e83055m

    很好

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1792119, encodeId=08451e921190d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=696a14818df' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Psychiatry#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=129, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14818, encryptionId=696a14818df, topicName=Psychiatry)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c192448, createdName=diushouji, createdTime=Thu Nov 22 21:12:00 CST 2018, time=2018-11-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=316952, encodeId=c7d531695257, content=期待早日转化到临床, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=108, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTI97SZd5Ew0nbfpDTccjEOPlF1HIAt3MOmwgXYjI1Knj91xWZ351TRgllS1VNhicicrS1wQibqgZVS5w/132, createdBy=2afa2359482, createdName=wzzyz1, createdTime=Sun May 20 13:55:15 CST 2018, time=2018-05-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=312264, encodeId=e72e3122645d, content=很好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=106, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=dc072033922, createdName=1821e83055m, createdTime=Sat May 05 16:28:13 CST 2018, time=2018-05-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1404094, encodeId=9f441404094e6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7366e6493be' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#精神分裂#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=108, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=76493, encryptionId=7366e6493be, topicName=精神分裂)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTIXE1PadWxBeosSHpB06cC9uZflHWBnMib5rSPbq29kzxyzUPEqWfvlNl0DMmX9070Gdwbq4zwg4vg/132, createdBy=bfe92444551, createdName=bnurmamat, createdTime=Wed May 02 02:12:00 CST 2018, time=2018-05-02, status=1, ipAttribution=)]

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