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Crit Care Med:喉下分泌物抽吸可显著降低呼吸机相关肺炎的发生,减少抗生素的使用

2020-07-29 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

呼吸机相关肺炎的诊断仍然是一个有争议的话题。最近提出了涉及氧合恶化的呼吸机相关病症的新定义,以使对可能与呼吸机相关肺炎相关的事件的监测尽可能客观。本研究旨在确认门下分泌物抽吸对呼吸机相关肺炎发病率的影

呼吸机相关肺炎的诊断仍然是一个有争议的话题。最近提出了涉及氧合恶化的呼吸机相关病症的新定义,以使对可能与呼吸机相关肺炎相关的事件的监测尽可能客观。本研究旨在确认门下分泌物抽吸对呼吸机相关肺炎发病率的影响,并评估其对呼吸机相关病情和抗生素使用的伴随影响。

 

此项随机对照临床试验在同一医院的5个ICU进行,纳入3502名使用气管插管的成年患者,允许气管下分泌物抽吸,随机分配接受抽吸(n=170,1组)或不接受抽吸(n=182,2组)。

 

结果显示,在通气过程中,第1组的15名患者(8.8%)和第2组的32名患者(17.6%)中(P = 0.018)出现呼吸机相关肺炎。从呼吸机天数来看,呼吸机相关肺炎发生率分别为9.6‰和19.8‰(P = 0.0076)。呼吸机相关病症发生率第1组为21.8%,第2组为22.5%(P=0.84)。在47例呼吸机相关肺炎患者中,25例(58.2%)出现了呼吸机相关疾病。各组之间的ICU住院时间和死亡率均无差异,只有呼吸机相关病情与死亡率增加有关。第1组抗生素总天数为1,696天,占2,754个ICU天数的61.6%,第2组为1,965天,占2,868个ICU天数的68.5%(P<0.0001)。

 

综上所述,该研究结果表明,喉下分泌物抽吸可显著降低呼吸机相关肺炎的发病率,与抗生素使用量显著减少有关。相比之下,呼吸机相关病情的发生在各组之间并无差异,似乎与其他医疗特征比呼吸机相关肺炎更相关。

 

原始出处:

 

Pierre DamasFrédéric Frippiat, et al., Prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia and ventilator-associated conditions: a randomized controlled trial with subglottic secretion suctioning. Crit Care Med. 2015 Jan;43(1):22-30. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000000674.

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    2020-07-31 Boyinsh
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