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拒绝不了高热量食物,可能是因为你"天生"就喜欢它们

2015-11-06 MedSci MedSci原创

拒绝不了高热量食物,可能是因为你"天生"就喜欢它们有些人轻易拒绝巧克力棒而选择更健康的食物,但是有些人却很做到,这可能与大脑"渴望"获得高脂肪和高糖食物有关。据11月5日在洛杉矶举办肥胖协会年度会议上展示的一项研究表明,2个基因的突变决定机体选择高热量的食物还是低热量的食物,该研究结果或可为肥胖带来个性化的治疗方案。研究人员对45名年龄在19-55岁之间的欧洲白人进行了DNA分型以确定这些研究对象

有些人轻易拒绝巧克力棒而选择更健康的食物,但是有些人却很难做到,这可能与大脑"渴望"获得高脂肪和高糖食物有关。据11月5日在洛杉矶举办的肥胖协会年度会议上展示的一项研究表明,2个基因的突变决定机体选择高热量的食物还是低热量的食物,该研究结果或可为肥胖带来个性化的治疗方案。

研究人员对45名年龄在19-55岁之间的欧洲白人进行了DNA分型以确定这些研究对象是否存在俩基因的突变:FTO基因,已知与肥胖易感性相关;DRD2基因,在调节大脑中多巴胺的水平中发挥着重要的作用。

研究对象的BMI范围在19.1 kg/m2-53.1 kg/m2之间,体重范围从健康至肥胖。对所有研究对象展示高热量和低热量的食物照片,并要求研究对象评价食物对他们的吸引力,同时研究人员使用功能性磁共振成像技术分析研究对象的大脑活动。

结果发现,FTO基因突变的研究对象会认为高热量的食物更具有吸引力,其大脑眶额叶皮层的活动更明显。更重要的是,研究人员首次发现,FTO基因突变以及更喜欢高热量食物的研究对象其大脑中纹状体的活动更加明显,虽然研究人员注意到这种活动性依赖于研究对象拥有DRD2基因突变的类型。

基于此发现,研究人员认为存在FTO基因突变的个体发生早期肥胖的风险更大,因为多巴胺信号可引发机体对不健康食物的欲望。

此外,此研究发现表明FTO基因和DRD2基因突变的机体或可更多地受益于肥胖的个性化治疗。研究人员建议,可使用靶向大脑中多巴胺细胞的胃肠激素以改变多巴胺产生的机体“渴望”高热量食物的作用。

原始出处:

Some people 'hardwired' to prefer high-calorie foods, study finds. MNT, 5 November 2015.


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    2015-11-08 yhy100201
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