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Cardiology:卒中复发很凶险 这一技术可预测和降低风险

2017-06-30 贾朝娟 环球医学

第一次卒中很危险,第二次卒中则更严重。凶险的第二次卒中的一个重要的危险因素是心脏跳动不规律,称为心房颤动。如果医生能识别出哪些卒中患者最有可能发生心房颤动,他们就可以开始治疗,从而有助于预防第二次卒中。但是,对于每年几十万人的首次卒中人群来说,没有进行昂贵的24/7监测是很难预测哪些为这一疾病的高风险患者。现在,由斯坦福大学医学院和圣克拉山谷医疗中心领导的一个研究团队,使用电子医疗记录来预测一个人

第一次卒中很危险,第二次卒中则更严重。凶险的第二次卒中的一个重要的危险因素是心脏跳动不规律,称为心房颤动。如果医生能识别出哪些卒中患者最有可能发生心房颤动,他们就可以开始治疗,从而有助于预防第二次卒中。

但是,对于每年几十万人的首次卒中人群来说,没有进行昂贵的24/7监测是很难预测哪些为这一疾病的高风险患者。

现在,由斯坦福大学医学院和圣克拉山谷医疗中心领导的一个研究团队,使用电子医疗记录来预测一个人经历以下两种卒中后发生心房颤动的可能性:隐源性卒中或短暂性脑缺血发作。

他们研究结果6月28日在线发表在《Cardiology》杂志上。主要作者为斯坦福生物医学数据副教授Nigam Shah和山谷医疗中心MD Susan Zhao。

Shah表示,这项工作是由一个独特的合作组完成的,Susan Zhao确定风险分层,随后有一名信息学学生和临床研究员共同为一个人群进行风险估计,这些人群尚没有很好的评分方法。

卒中患者风险分级的必要性

卒中患者通常在住院期间进行心房颤动监测。Kwong表示,但一旦他们回家——大约一周后,临床医生通常不会警惕性地监测他们是否患有房颤。但是如果医生对卒中患者回家30天内进行监测,如果发生房颤,就可以被发现。事实上,美国心脏协会建议在首次卒中的6个月内进行30天的心律监测来发现房颤。Kwong说,问题在于这种监测费用昂贵,并不适合每一个病人。

Shah和他的同事们决定,他们需要找到一种方法来预测哪些患者应该被监测。必须有一种方法来告诉患者谁为房颤高危并应进行监测,谁是低危和不需要检测。

七个风险因素清单

该团队利用来自斯坦福大学翻译研究综合数据库环境的数千名卒中患者的数据进行了一项回顾性队列研究。在数据库中的9589名卒中患者中,482例(5%)被诊断为心房颤动。

该小组已经开发了一个用于分析临床数据和临床诊断编码的文本处理程序。使用该程序,团队从临床记录中提取信息,例如,“排除卒中”等短语,并根据其是否提到患者或是否有自家庭史对数据进行分类。产生的结果是每个患者的生物医学事实列表——包括年龄、体重指数等。

然后,根据对医疗记录显示他们都将被诊断为房颤患者的临床因素进行排序,团队就可以组成7个风险因素,相结合时可以预测哪些应在住院后应进行监测。风险因素——年龄、肥胖、充血性心力衰竭、高血压、冠状动脉疾病、外周血管疾病和心脏瓣膜疾病,为评分系统的基础,可将患者分为三种风险人群。

在线评分系统

Ling表示,我们开发的评分系统使用起来很简单,结果可以帮助医生对个体患者进行个体化治疗。

它可以帮助医生决定哪些患者需要进行监测。一旦知道患者有很高的房颤风险,他们就可以在家里戴上心脏监测器,观察是否真的有房颤发作,如果有,就用适当的药物治疗来预防第二次卒中。

Ling表示,我们的系统需要在使用其他独立数据源的研究中得到进一步验证。她说,她希望临床医生和研究人员进一步验证和改进评分系统,并希望有一天能在日常实践中得到应用。另一方面,肯定会有更多的临床研究会使用电子健康记录,不仅在斯坦福大学,而且在其他医疗机构。

这项研究是斯坦福医学专注于精准医疗的一个例子。类似于这样的研究可以在短短几天内快速地使用患者已有的数据,并提供一种方法来评分患者的个体风险,从而使治疗个性化。

原始出处:
Nigam Shah, et al. Technique for assessing stroke and reducing future risk. Cardiology. June 28, 2017

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    2017-07-02 明天会更好!

    感谢分享!继续关注!

    0

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  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2069275, encodeId=0ef920692e5b6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=125e40988d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Cardiology#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4098, encryptionId=125e40988d, topicName=Cardiology)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=316c73, createdName=caoliehu, createdTime=Tue May 08 14:45:00 CST 2018, time=2018-05-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1781774, encodeId=64291e81774fd, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5db8409ed8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Cardiol#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4097, encryptionId=5db8409ed8, topicName=Cardiol)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8e886, createdName=仁者大医, createdTime=Wed Jun 13 12:45:00 CST 2018, time=2018-06-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=217701, encodeId=9f5221e7016c, content=感谢分享!继续关注!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160914/IMG57D82E721DB581755.jpg, createdBy=4fc81933929, createdName=明天会更好!, createdTime=Sun Jul 02 08:13:51 CST 2017, time=2017-07-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1391609, encodeId=9b4d1391609ba, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f8ab3603664' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#卒中复发#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=89, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=36036, encryptionId=f8ab3603664, topicName=卒中复发)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTLc3PoqaNe4QTZ947pojXuchvvmkkJN0wyBBbA3LVX2WDkgiaJ7cswu9yvA4CB0NicjcrCfBY1zRPkA/132, createdBy=b3812500089, createdName=ms6897892027066920, createdTime=Sun Jul 02 07:45:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=217399, encodeId=5b7521e399af, content=精准医学路漫漫, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=103, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/ajNVdqHZLLCclExeQ6LOGMD4dTsia4Ty4HtZCxRmG5vO5XIKfKX3a3vusfhHSej4Iib517vmhFW7RQgh7bpDp1yw/0, createdBy=50951609779, createdName=baihao215, createdTime=Sat Jul 01 12:13:52 CST 2017, time=2017-07-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=217252, encodeId=af4221e2529b, content=不错,学习了,谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160914/IMG57D82E721DB581755.jpg, createdBy=4fc81933929, createdName=明天会更好!, createdTime=Sat Jul 01 00:34:48 CST 2017, time=2017-07-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-07-01 baihao215

    精准医学路漫漫

    0

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    2017-07-01 明天会更好!

    不错,学习了,谢谢分享!

    0

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