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PNAS:癌细胞可反向生成癌症干细胞

2015-12-02 何嫱 生物通

所有的癌细胞都可以形成另一个肿瘤,还是只有挑选出来的癌症干细胞可以生成新癌细胞?一项新研究发现答案为两者皆是。 来自密歇根大学综合癌症中心的研究人员观测了人类卵巢癌细胞,发现在大多数情况下癌细胞是以一种可预测、有组织的方式生成后代细胞:母癌细胞生成子癌细胞,子癌细胞生成孙癌细胞。祖母细胞是可以引发癌症复发的稀有癌症干细胞,孙细胞是大多数的肿瘤细胞。 但在一些罕见的例外情况下,子细胞可以

所有的癌细胞都可以形成另一个肿瘤,还是只有挑选出来的癌症干细胞可以生成新癌细胞?一项新研究发现答案为两者皆是。

来自密歇根大学综合癌症中心的研究人员观测了人类卵巢癌细胞,发现在大多数情况下癌细胞是以一种可预测、有组织的方式生成后代细胞:母癌细胞生成子癌细胞,子癌细胞生成孙癌细胞。祖母细胞是可以引发癌症复发的稀有癌症干细胞,孙细胞是大多数的肿瘤细胞。

但在一些罕见的例外情况下,子细胞可以生成干细胞样的祖母细胞。研究人员将这一惊人的研究发现发布在《美国国家科学院院刊》(PNAS)上。

癌细胞是以一种模式化的形式还是随机地分裂,这一直是一个激烈辩论的问题。

论文的资深作者、密歇根大学医学院内科学副教授Ronald J. Buckanovich博士说:“就像所有的先天/后天问题一样,答案总是为两者皆是。通常我们观察到癌细胞并非随机分裂。就像在正常生物学中一样,我们看到了干细胞生成子细胞的模式。但在这一等级结构内,我们也看到一些罕见的例外与之相反。”

“这对于你如何设计抗癌疗法具有非常重要的意义。这些干细胞样细胞是真正重要的治疗靶点,但同样需要处理非干细胞。”

研究人员还发现一种叫做BMP2的功能促进了癌症干细胞生长,而降低了孙细胞(大多数肿瘤细胞)的生长。这就像两类细胞之间在进行对话:当孙细胞太多时,它们会触发BMP2增加干细胞的数量。这些非干细胞帮助支持了癌症干细胞的生长来维持肿瘤内的平衡。

Buckanovich说:“BMP2告诉癌症生成更多的祖母细胞,并停止生成孙细胞。由此孙细胞的数量减少,因而有了更多能够构建出新肿瘤的侵袭性、化疗耐药细胞。”

当研究人员阻断BMP2时,降低了这些癌细胞生成新癌症干细胞的能力。但阻断BMP2促进了孙细胞的生长。让BMP2抑制剂只靶向癌症干细胞是一个挑战。当前患者还无法获得这类治疗。研究人员正在研究一些方法来将抑制剂只传递给癌症干细胞。

新研究的独特之处在于它检测的是人类组织,而非小鼠模型。研究人员利用了密歇根大学工程学院Euisik Yoon设计的一种微流体装置。这一装置使得能够以采用传统方法无法实现的方式分离及研究这些细胞。

Buckanovich 说:“我们可以实时观察癌细胞分裂,真实追踪和观察哪些是母细胞,哪些是子细胞。这一装置使得我们能够研究人类细胞而非小鼠模型。我们认为这是第一次采用来自患者的细胞来定义癌症的等级。”

原始出处:

Choi YJ, Ingram PN, Yang K, Coffman L, Iyengar M, Bai S, Thomas DG, Yoon E, Buckanovich RJ.Identifying an ovarian cancer cell hierarchy regulated by bone morphogenetic protein 2.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 Nov 30. pii: 201507899.

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    2016-04-18 drwjr
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1855793, encodeId=b3a31855e939b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f32014428fc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PNAS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14428, encryptionId=f32014428fc, topicName=PNAS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=08e964, createdName=drwjr, createdTime=Mon Apr 18 18:58:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=49152, encodeId=5d0f49152da, content=好文章,值得收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=120, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sun Dec 27 09:11:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1252060, encodeId=865d125206067, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3efee1519b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌细胞#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71519, encryptionId=3efee1519b2, topicName=癌细胞)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4cea26, createdName=yxch36, createdTime=Fri Dec 04 08:58:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1332994, encodeId=d5ab1332994aa, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2ab5e13481f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌症干细胞#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71348, encryptionId=2ab5e13481f, topicName=癌症干细胞)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bf1d2500084, createdName=1249884fm87暂无昵称, createdTime=Fri Dec 04 08:58:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=44687, encodeId=46044468e74, content=有道理, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=133, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2d331664955, createdName=老段, createdTime=Fri Dec 04 06:50:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=44521, encodeId=c4a844521e5, content=可以理解, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=132, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJXCR8W80NNgQuicJU3aIm3JtiaNAFLYSMlBuVfGkSlw5Z5VpmZK4PyiaDURLAorhvwhWVnaM1gQdJXA/132, createdBy=a01444383, createdName=lixh1719, createdTime=Thu Dec 03 11:22:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-12-27 hixiaoluo

    好文章,值得收藏

    0

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    2015-12-04 yxch36
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    2015-12-04 老段

    有道理

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1855793, encodeId=b3a31855e939b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f32014428fc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PNAS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14428, encryptionId=f32014428fc, topicName=PNAS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=08e964, createdName=drwjr, createdTime=Mon Apr 18 18:58:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=49152, encodeId=5d0f49152da, content=好文章,值得收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=120, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sun Dec 27 09:11:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1252060, encodeId=865d125206067, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3efee1519b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌细胞#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71519, encryptionId=3efee1519b2, topicName=癌细胞)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4cea26, createdName=yxch36, createdTime=Fri Dec 04 08:58:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1332994, encodeId=d5ab1332994aa, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2ab5e13481f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌症干细胞#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71348, encryptionId=2ab5e13481f, topicName=癌症干细胞)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bf1d2500084, createdName=1249884fm87暂无昵称, createdTime=Fri Dec 04 08:58:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=44687, encodeId=46044468e74, content=有道理, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=133, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2d331664955, createdName=老段, createdTime=Fri Dec 04 06:50:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=44521, encodeId=c4a844521e5, content=可以理解, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=132, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJXCR8W80NNgQuicJU3aIm3JtiaNAFLYSMlBuVfGkSlw5Z5VpmZK4PyiaDURLAorhvwhWVnaM1gQdJXA/132, createdBy=a01444383, createdName=lixh1719, createdTime=Thu Dec 03 11:22:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-12-03 lixh1719

    可以理解

    0

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