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cell death & disease:黑色素瘤抗坏死效应分子机制研究

2015-09-29 佚名 生物谷

RIPK1与RIPK3被发现是参与细胞坏死性凋亡的关键成员,在caspase家族活性被抑制的情况下,RIPK1激活后能够与下游的RIPK3结合形成坏死小体,帮助RIPK3激活(磷酸化)。磷酸化后的RIPK3再次将MLKL磷酸化,磷酸化后的MLKL能够在细胞膜内侧自聚合形成寡聚体,最终导致细胞坏死性凋亡的发生。 在癌症发生过程中,癌细胞的坏死也受到RIPK1-RIPK3-MLKL的调控。在癌细

RIPK1与RIPK3被发现是参与细胞坏死性凋亡的关键成员,在caspase家族活性被抑制的情况下,RIPK1激活后能够与下游的RIPK3结合形成坏死小体,帮助RIPK3激活(磷酸化)。磷酸化后的RIPK3再次将MLKL磷酸化,磷酸化后的MLKL能够在细胞膜内侧自聚合形成寡聚体,最终导致细胞坏死性凋亡的发生。

在癌症发生过程中,癌细胞的坏死也受到RIPK1-RIPK3-MLKL的调控。在癌细胞中cIAP蛋白能够抑制细胞凋亡与细胞坏死。另外,以往实验表明,癌细胞中caspase 8 的抑制能够诱发外源性细胞凋亡配体(TNF-a,FasL等)引导的细胞坏死。然而细胞坏死这一机制在癌症发生中的作用目前仍不清楚。
 
在恶性肿瘤的治疗中,癌细胞对凋亡及坏死性刺激的耐受性突变往往对治疗带来不利的影响。黑色素瘤作为一大恶性肿瘤,其诊断方法目前还十分欠缺。目前的临床实践展现了多种不同的黑色素瘤的治疗方法。丝氨酸-苏氨酸蛋白酶B-RAF是黑色素瘤细胞的基因组中一类突变的原癌基因,针对其两类常见突变V600E,V-600K,研发的抑制类药物(比如Dabrafenib, Vemurafenib)能够有效抑制Ras/Raf信号通路,然而这一方法在临床试验中效果并不佳。由于BRAF抑制剂同时间接调控了细胞坏死性凋亡的信号,因此,M Leverkus等人希望了解坏死性凋亡现象对于癌症研究的意义。
 
首先,作者研究了IAP蛋白对于癌细胞抵抗致死性刺激的影响。他们利用IAP抑制剂处理不同类型的癌细胞,随后进行了CD95L(FasL)凋亡刺激或者CD95L&Z-VAD坏死性刺激。实验结果显示,在经过IAP抑制剂的处理后,细胞对于凋亡刺激变得更加敏感(活细胞数明显减少),然而对坏死性刺激的影响并不明显。鉴于黑色素瘤细胞中高量表达IAP蛋白,因此作者认为这是黑色素瘤细胞天然对坏死性刺激具有较大耐受性的原因。
 
之后,作者比较了黑色素瘤细胞与其它类型的细胞中参与细胞坏死信号的蛋白的表达程度。实验显示,相比于对照细胞系,黑色素瘤细胞系中几乎没有RIPK3的表达,其MLKL的表达量也大幅减少。这一结果说明黑色素瘤细胞耐受坏死性刺激的原因可能是其参与细胞坏死通路的蛋白的缺失。为了验证这一猜测,作者将RIPK3人工转移至黑色素瘤细胞中,并加以刺激,观察细胞坏死的效果。结果显示,转入野生的RIPK3的黑色素瘤细胞在接受刺激后表现出了较强的细胞坏死的特征,然而转入了突变体的黑色素瘤细胞则没有这一表型。一张结果证明的确RIPK3对于黑色素瘤细胞耐受细胞坏死性刺激具有关键作用。
 
之后,作者通过一系列生化实验证明RIPK3的转入能够使得黑色素瘤细胞产生坏死效应的内在分子机制,实际与以往发现的机制相同。
 
综上,作者通过一系列体外实验证明黑色素瘤细胞癌化过程中RIPK3与MLKL的缺失是其产生抗坏死耐受表型的原因,希望这一发现对于黑色素瘤的治疗产生一定影响。

原文出处:

P Geserick, J Wang, et al.Absence of RIPK3 predicts necroptosis resistance in malignant melanoma.cell death & disease.2015

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    2015-11-23 智智灵药
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    2015-12-05 sunylz
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  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1959475, encodeId=961619594e502, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dbe6445416' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CEL#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4454, encryptionId=dbe6445416, topicName=CEL)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=智智灵药, createdTime=Mon Nov 23 14:17:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1680307, encodeId=13c2168030e3b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9e5c86e0712' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86707, encryptionId=9e5c86e0712, topicName=色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=343027846633, createdName=sunylz, createdTime=Sat Dec 05 00:17:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1869220, encodeId=acb718692206a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fd764459a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Cell#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=62, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4459, encryptionId=fd764459a8, topicName=Cell)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=524d95, createdName=zhaozhouchifen, createdTime=Mon Aug 22 04:17:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2056133, encodeId=50bf205613310, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=616b611e9bc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#机制研究#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=61179, encryptionId=616b611e9bc, topicName=机制研究)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=55ce62, createdName=hbwxf, createdTime=Wed Oct 21 13:17:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2012016, encodeId=4319201201679, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7d69598468' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Dis#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5984, encryptionId=7d69598468, topicName=Dis)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c689267, createdName=cmj8wellington, createdTime=Sat Sep 03 14:17:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1362794, encodeId=28a31362e9473, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b723414321c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#坏死#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=41432, encryptionId=b723414321c, topicName=坏死)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c0e3195, createdName=millore, createdTime=Thu Oct 01 01:17:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1531393, encodeId=65bf1531393cf, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=770e5e9457' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Death#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5794, encryptionId=770e5e9457, topicName=Death)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=32e312278742, createdName=cy0328, createdTime=Thu Oct 01 01:17:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1558722, encodeId=42e81558e2282, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e27610332666' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#黑色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=103326, encryptionId=e27610332666, topicName=黑色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=150614999302, createdName=cqlidoudou, createdTime=Thu Oct 01 01:17:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1564731, encodeId=c4411564e31c6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e27610332666' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#黑色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=103326, encryptionId=e27610332666, topicName=黑色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=150614999302, createdName=cqlidoudou, createdTime=Thu Oct 01 01:17:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-09-03 cmj8wellington
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    2015-10-01 millore
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    2015-10-01 cy0328
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