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PLOS Medicine:“无糖饮料”更好?新研究说“NO”!

2017-01-05 生物探索 生物探索

导读:人工甜味饮料(ASBs)是一种不含糖,但用人工甜味剂产生甜味的饮品,常被认为是软饮料的“节食”版本,被很多想要减肥或降低糖摄入量的消费者当作更健康的选择。然而,近日发表在PLOS Medicine上的一项研究却否定了被很多人“默认”的这一观点。无糖和节食“饮料”(“diet”drinks)往往被认为是更健康的选择,但是来自伦敦帝国理工学院的研究人员却发现,与全糖(full-sugar)饮料相

导读:人工甜味饮料(ASBs)是一种不含糖,但用人工甜味剂产生甜味的饮品,常被认为是软饮料的“节食”版本,被很多想要减肥或降低糖摄入量的消费者当作更健康的选择。然而,近日发表在PLOS Medicine上的一项研究却否定了被很多人“默认”的这一观点。

无糖和节食“饮料”(“diet”drinks)往往被认为是更健康的选择,但是来自伦敦帝国理工学院的研究人员却发现,与全糖(full-sugar)饮料相比,它们对保持健康的体重没有更多的帮助。1月3日,这一研究成果以“Artificially Sweetened Beverages and the Response to the Global Obesity Crisis”为题发表在PLOS Medicine杂志上。

人工甜味饮料(ASBs)是一种不含糖,但用人工甜味剂产生甜味的饮品,常被认为是软饮料的“节食”版本,被很多想要减肥或降低糖摄入量的消费者当作更健康的选择。然而,事实上,一直没有确凿的证据支持这一被很多人默认的想法:无糖和节食“饮料”更利于健康或者预防肥胖以及肥胖相关疾病(如2型糖尿病)。

来自帝国理工学院和两所巴西大学的学者发表评论称,无糖饮料可能并没有更利于减肥或者预防体重增加。作者们认为,非但没有帮助解决全球肥胖危机,ASBs可能还会有助于问题的发生,或许不应该被提倡作为健康饮食的一部分。

ASBs目前占据了全球甜味饮料市场的四分之一,但在征税或监管方面却没有达到含糖饮料(Sugar-sweetened beverages,SSBs)同等的程度。研究人员表示,这可能是因为ASBs被认为是无害的。事实上,除上述研究外,近日,科学家们还找到了“节食”饮料与体重、健康关联的一些其它证据。



2016年11月18日,发表在Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism杂志上的一项研究解释了为何节食饮料有时让人变得更胖。小鼠实验表明,在某些情形下,这部分是由于人工甜味剂——阿巴斯甜(aspartame )在作祟。当阿巴斯甜在肠道内分解时,它可能扰乱对中和来自肠道细菌的有害毒素至关重要的过程。通过干扰一种关键的酶,这些毒素会逐渐累积。

具体来说,这一关键酶叫做肠碱性磷酸酶(IAP)。它似乎能保护我们,让我们与细菌共生。当研究小组将IAP同含有阿巴斯甜味饮料混合时,它的酶活性被削弱了。相反,当将其同含糖饮料混合时,这种情况并未出现。而当该团队将阿巴斯甜注射进小鼠肠道片段,IAP水平骤降了50%。

Aspartame is used as a sweetener in many diet drinks

另一项相关成果于去年12月发表在International Journal of Obesity杂志上(论文题目:Effects of aspartame-, monk fruit-, Stevia-, and sucrose-sweetened beverages on postprandial glucose, insulin and energy intake)。 研究发现,节食饮料并不能帮助人们减肥,一些零卡路里的饮料反而会增加机体的饥饿感和增强食欲。

原始出处:

[1] Sugar-free and 'diet' drinks no better for healthy weight than full sugar drinks, experts say. Medicalxpress. January 3, 2017.

[2] Why diet drinks with aspartame may actually help make you fatter.New Scientist.24 November 2016.

[3] Maria Carolina Borges,et al. Artificially Sweetened Beverages and the Response to the Global Obesity Crisis. PLOS Medicine.January 3, 2017.

[4] Sarah S. Gul,et al. Inhibition of the gut enzyme intestinal alkaline phosphatase may explain how aspartame promotes glucose intolerance and obesity in mice. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism. 18 November 2016..

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    2017-01-21 jeanqiuqiu
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    2017-03-10 kalseyzl
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