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Nat Cell Biol:癌症患者ASPP2蛋白水平与生存率相关

2014-10-28 何嫱 生物通

来自牛津大学、第二军医大学等机构的研究人员,发现了支配上皮细胞在坚硬的、高度结构化及固定不移的状态与柔软的、可移动的状态之间切换的一个关键机制。他们的研究发表在10月26日的《自然细胞生物学》(Nature Cell Biology)杂志上,证实了一个叫做ASPP2的肿瘤抑制蛋白充当分子开关控制了这一过程及它的逆转过程——两者在许多的生物学现象,包括伤口愈合、胚胎发育、尤其

来自牛津大学、第二军医大学等机构的研究人员,发现了支配上皮细胞在坚硬的、高度结构化及固定不移的状态与柔软的、可移动的状态之间切换的一个关键机制。他们的研究发表在10月26日的《自然细胞生物学》(Nature Cell Biology)杂志上,证实了一个叫做ASPP2的肿瘤抑制蛋白充当分子开关控制了这一过程及它的逆转过程——两者在许多的生物学现象,包括伤口愈合、胚胎发育、尤其是癌症的转移中均发挥了至关重要的作用。

牛津大学临床医学系肿瘤遗传学教授、Ludwig肿瘤研究所所长、英国皇家病理学院院士卢欣(Xin Lu)及第二军医大学肿瘤研究所所长、国家973计划首席科学家郭亚军(Yajun Guo)教授共同领导了这项研究。

卢欣说:“我们试图鉴别出控制上皮细胞可塑性的分子开关。这样的可塑性是癌症的一个标志。为了能够转移,定居癌细胞必须放松其结构,摆脱限制,然后迁移至身体的另一个部位,一旦到达那里便定居下来形成克隆。上皮间质转化(EMT)及间质上皮转化(MET)是上述过程发生的必要条件。”

肾小管是指与肾小囊壁层相连的一条细长上皮性小管,具有重吸收和排泌作用。肾小管能够将废物滤出血流。研究人员发现,在肾小管的发育和维持过程中ASPP2促成了MET。而当缺失ASPP2时并没有完全破坏这一过程。ASPP2表达丧失显著地促进了EMT,尤其是在表达一种常见癌基因RAS的细胞中。众所周知,致癌RAS也驱动了转移。

此外,研究人员在小鼠模型中证实当乳腺癌细胞表达低水平的ASPP2时,它们迅猛地转移到脑部;如果迫使这些细胞表达充足的ASPP2蛋白,它们的转移能力则显著下降。当它们只表达部分ASPP2驱动MET时,它们确实比对照细胞能够更好地转移。“这阐明了当建立起新的恶性克隆时,MET在癌细胞转移的最后阶段起重要作用,”论文共同主要作者、Ludwig肿瘤研究所王义华(Yihua Wang,音译)说。

针对来自患者的肝脏和乳腺肿瘤进行分析,揭示出这些结果具有临床意义:在这些癌症中低水平的ASPP2表达与患者显著降低的生存率相关。

研究人员发现,ASPP2能够控制MET和EMT,与参与建立上皮细胞间连接的两个蛋白E-cadherin和β-catenin有关。

它是通过直接将β-catenin锚定到连接上,以及促进β-catenin与E-cadherin结合做到这一点的。这样阻止了β-catenin进入到细胞核。在细胞核中β-catenin可以刺激驱动EMT和转移的一些基因表达。致癌RAS则发挥相反的效应,这就是缺失ASPP2及表达致癌RAS的细胞会极其有效地经历EMT的原因。

卢欣说:“尽管近年来我们对于EMT驱动因子有了更多的认识,对于逆转过程MET的诱导因子却知之甚少。MET对于健康发育和癌症转移同样重要。这项研究鉴别出了MET的一个新诱导因子和守门人。”

原始出处:

Wang Y1, Bu F2, Royer C1, Serres S3, Larkin JR3, Soto MS3, Sibson NR3, Salter V1, Fritzsche F4, Turnquist C1, Koch S1, Zak J1, Zhong S1, Wu G5, Liang A5, Olofsen PA1, Moch H6, Hancock DC7, Downward J7, Goldin RD8, Zhao J2, Tong X2, Guo Y2, Lu X1.ASPP2 controls epithelial plasticity and inhibits metastasis through β-catenin-dependent regulation of ZEB1.Nat Cell Biol. 2014 Oct 26. doi: 10.1038/ncb3050. [Epub ahead of print]

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    2014-11-24 sunylz
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    2015-02-04 liye789132251
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    2015-08-27 维他命
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    2014-10-30 makuansheng

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