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Nat Med:科学家首次绘制出人体对新冠病毒的免疫反应图谱

2020-03-21 佚名 生物探索

澳大利亚研究人员首次绘制出人体对新型冠状病毒的免疫反应图谱,称其与季节性流感相似,这是对抗这种全球杀手的一个潜在突破。

澳大利亚研究人员发表在《Nature Medicine》杂志上的最新文章中,首次绘制出人体对新型冠状病毒的免疫反应图谱,称其与季节性流感相似,这是对抗这种全球杀手的一个潜在突破。

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-0819-2

文章中报道了1例需要住院的轻中度COVID-19患者的临床和病毒学特征相关的免疫反应动力学。该病例是一名来自中国湖北省武汉市47岁的女性患者,在其症状恢复前血液中检测到增加的抗体分泌细胞(ASCs)、滤泡辅助T细胞(TFH细胞)、活化的CD4+ T细胞和CD8+ T细胞、以及与冠状病毒SARS-CoV-2结合的免疫球蛋白M IgM和IgG抗体,这些免疫变化在症状完全消失后至少持续7天。研究人员说,这些“与我们在流感患者中看到的非常相似”。

非严重症状性COVID-19期间免疫反应的出现

这项发现有两个实际应用。首先,它将帮助病毒学家开发疫苗,因为疫苗接种的目的是复制人体对病毒的自然免疫反应;第二个实际应用是筛选,这些免疫系统“标志物”可以帮助卫生当局在未来疾病暴发中更好地预测谁是最危险的人。大多数COVID-19死亡发生在老年患者或已有心脏病和糖尿病等疾病的患者中,儿童似乎很少或没有症状,这需要更多的研究来找出原因,但随着年龄的增长,人体的免疫系统确实会自然地慢下来。

总的来说,这一研究为理解非严重COVID-19病例中免疫反应的广度和动力学提供了新的贡献。研究人员建议在具有不同疾病严重程度的COVID-19人群中确定这些免疫参数的特征,以确定它们是否可以用于预测疾病结果,并评估可能最小化严重程度的新干预措施和告知保护性候选疫苗。

原始出处:

Thevarajan, I., Nguyen, T.H.O., Koutsakos, M. et al.  Breadth of concomitant immune responses prior to patient recovery: a case report of non-severe COVID-19. Nat Med (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-0819-2.

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    2020-11-10 liye789132251
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    2020-03-19 公卫新人

    新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失

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