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JAMA Cardiol:梗阻性肥厚型心肌病室间隔切除术后生存率的性别差异

2019-03-07 xiangting MedSci原创

在这个大型梗阻性HCM手术患者队列中,观察到女性和男性的临床表现存在显著差异,女性的年龄较大且症状较多。

最近的数据表明与男性相比,肥厚型心肌病(HCM)女性患者的年龄较大、出现的症状较多并且临床结局较差。然而,据我们所知,没有关于手术切除术后患者性别与结局相关性的大型研究。

这项研究旨在分析接受室间隔切除术的梗阻性HCM男女患者的术前特征及总生存率。

这项回顾性、单中心研究纳入1961年1月至2016年4月接受室间隔切除术成年患者的临床数据。在2017年12月至2018年12月进行数据分析。

主要成果和指标是生存率。

共纳入2506名成人; 1379名患者(55.0%)为男性。在手术时,女性的年龄较大,年龄中位数(IQR)为59.5岁(46.6-68.2),男性为52.9岁(42.9-62.7)(P<.001)。女性起病时纽约心脏病协会分级III级或IV级更为常见(女性,1023 [90.8%];男性,1169 [84.8%]; P<.001),生理性梗阻更严重,反映为静息左心室流出道梯度更高(女性,67.0 [36.0-97.0]mmHg;男性,50.0 [23.0-81.0]mmHg; P<.001)。与男性比较(581[43.1%]; P<.001),女性患中或重度二尖瓣返流的可能性更大(606[55.2%]);女性右心室收缩压更高(女性,36.0[30.0-46.0]mmHg;男性,33.0[28.0-39.0]mmHg; P<.001)。女性的未调整总生存率较低,中位数比男性短3.9年(中位[IQR]生存时间:女性,18.2 [12.1-27.2]年;男性,22.1 [15.1-32.5]年; P<.001)。然而在多因素Cox回归分析中,控制其他基线变量后,性别和死亡率之间的相关性减弱并且不显著(风险比,0.98 [95%CI,0.76-1.26]; P= .86)。在该模型的协变量中,手术时年龄大(校正风险比[aHR],3.09 [95%CI,2.12-4.52]; P<.001)、体重指数大(aHR,1.22 [95%CI,0.90-1.66]; P<.001)、NYHA分级高(aHR,2.31 [95%CI,1.03-5.15]; P= .04)和术前存在糖尿病(aHR,1.57 [95%CI,1.10-2.24]; P=.01)均与死亡率升高独立相关。在研究的较后期(2013年vs 2004年)进行手术与死亡率降低相关(aHR,0.82 [95%CI,0.55-1.22]; P= .001)。

在这个大型梗阻性HCM手术患者队列中,观察到女性和男性的临床表现存在显著差异,女性的年龄较大且症状较多。然而,在调整了重要的基线预后因素后,室间隔切除术后的生存率没有性别差异。改善梗阻性HCM女性的治疗应侧重于疾病的早期识别,并促进治疗反应不佳适当患者的手术转诊。

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    希望早日攻克肥厚型心肌病希望早日用上myk461药品

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