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Am J Psychiatry:脑部扫描可以帮助临床医生为抑郁患者选择不同的治疗方法

2017-03-24 MedSci MedSci原创

埃默里大学的研究人员发现脑部扫描的具体活动模式可能有助于临床医生识别心理治疗或抗抑郁药物是否更有可能帮助个体患者从抑郁症中恢复。

埃默里大学的研究人员发现脑部扫描的具体活动模式可能有助于临床医生识别心理治疗或抗抑郁药物是否更有可能帮助个体患者从抑郁症中恢复。

这项研究叫做PREDICT,将患者随机分进行为期12周的抗抑郁药物或认知行为治疗(CBT)治疗。在研究开始时,患者进行了功能性核磁共振(MRI)脑扫描,然后进行分析,以了解CBT或药物的疗效是否依赖于治疗前大脑的状态。研究结果发表在3月24日《美国精神病学杂志》在线期刊上。

MRI扫描发现,重要的情绪处理中心(subcallosal cingulate cortex)与脑的其他三个区域之间的功能连接程度与治疗结果相关。具体来说,大脑区域之间具有正连通性的患者用CBT更有可能获得缓解,而具有阴性或缺失连接性的患者用抗抑郁药物治疗可能更有效。

"所有的抑郁症都不同,与不同类型的癌症一样,不同类型的抑郁症需要的治疗方法也不同。通过扫描,我们可以尽可能的选择合适的方法去帮助患者,同时避免无用的治疗。" 主持这项成像研究的医学博士Helen Mayberg说。Mayberg是精神病学,神经病学和放射学教授,同时是美国埃默里大学医学院精神科影像与治疗专业的主席。

Mayberg与其共同研究者埃默里情绪焦虑症项目主任Boadie Dunlop博士,精神病学和行为科学教授W. Edward Craighead一起寻求一种更加个性化治疗抑郁症的方法。

目前主要抑郁症的治疗指南建议在选择初始治疗方法时考虑患者对心理治疗或药物的偏好。但是,在PREDICT研究中,患者的偏好仅与结局微相关;偏好预测治疗疗效下降,而不是改善。这些结果与先前的研究一致,表明实现抑郁症患者的个性化治疗将更多地依赖于确定患者的特定生物学特征,而不是依赖于其症状或治疗偏好。PREDICT的结果表明,大脑扫描可能为个性化治疗提供最佳方法。

在对亚特兰大地区招募的344名患者进行研究时,研究人员能够召集一组比以前其他研究更多样化的患者,其中大约一半的参与者被认定为非裔美国人或拉美裔美国人。

"我们多样化的样本表明,推荐作为一线治疗抑郁症的循证心理治疗和药物治疗可以扩大到白人,非西班牙裔人群。"Dunlop说。

"最后,我们的研究表明,临床特征,如年龄,性别等,甚至患者对治疗的偏好对治疗方法的指导意义不如脑部扫描。" Mayberg补充道。

原始出处

Boadie W. Dunlop, Mary E. Kelley, et al.Effects of Patient Preferences on Outcomes in the Predictors of Remission in Depression to Individual and Combined Treatments (PReDICT) Study . Am J Psychiatry. March 24, 2017

Boadie W. Dunlop, Justin K. Rajendra,et al.Functional Connectivity of the Subcallosal Cingulate Cortex And Differential Outcomes to Treatment With Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy or Antidepressant Medication for Major Depressive Disorder. Am J Psychiatry.March 24, 2017

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