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2013亚太肝脏研究学会(APASL)主席推荐的重点报告

2013-07-13 杜佳梅 中国医学论坛报

   在2013亚太肝脏研究学会(APASL)肝病周(liver week)开幕致辞中,大会主席林(Lim Seng Gee)教授对会议内容进行了热情的推荐,他认为本届大会排满了重要的学术日程,但有一些内容特别精彩,不容错过,现撷取两场主席“圈点”的重点报告(State of Art,SOA),呈现给读者。  无干扰素治疗:梦想还是现实?   新西兰奥克兰大学加内(Edward Gane

   在2013亚太肝脏研究学会(APASL)肝病周(liver week)开幕致辞中,大会主席林(Lim Seng Gee)教授对会议内容进行了热情的推荐,他认为本届大会排满了重要的学术日程,但有一些内容特别精彩,不容错过,现撷取两场主席“圈点”的重点报告(State of Art,SOA),呈现给读者。

  无干扰素治疗:梦想还是现实?

  新西兰奥克兰大学加内(Edward Gane)教授在报告中谈到,最近特拉泼维(telaprevir)和博赛泼维(boceprevir)获准上市改善了基因型1 丙肝患者的疗效,但也使得治疗方案的复杂性增加,患者耐受性降低以及耐药风险。
  临床需要无干扰素的全口服治疗方案。蛋白酶抑制剂与非核苷NS5b聚合酶抑制剂较为早期的联合治疗,因为快速出现双耐药,导致病毒学失败率高。而加入NS5a抑制剂则可预防耐药,改善疗效。
  最近,Ⅱ期研究显示,一种NS5a抑制剂ABT-267、非核苷类似物NS5b聚合酶抑制剂ABT-333与NS3蛋白酶抑制剂ABT-450联合治疗基因型1初治丙肝患者,持续病毒学应答(SVR)率可达87%~98%。
  一种NS5a抑制剂(daclatasvir)、一种NS5b非核苷聚合酶抑制剂(BMS-791325)和一种NS3蛋白酶抑制剂(asunaprevir)联合治疗,使得94%患者获得治愈。
  抗病毒治疗的“圣杯”是核苷聚合酶抑制剂,可使NS5b酶催化部位链终止。Sofosbuvir(SOF)每日一次方便服用,无食物影响,无明显的药物间相互作用或特别的毒性。Ⅲ期研究证实,在初始治疗的基因型2/3丙肝病毒(HCV)感染者中,sofosbuvir联合利巴韦林(RBV)治疗12周疗效不劣于聚乙二醇干扰素联合RBV治疗24周。在基因型2丙肝患者以及非肝硬化患者中,SOF/RBV方案的SVR率更高。在之前无应答的基因型2/3患者中,将疗程从12周延长至16周,使得SVR率从50%增加到73%。这一方案使得基因型1 HCV感染者的治疗有效性降低,但如果加入一种NS5a抑制剂到sofosbuvir方案中,SVR率则增加到100%。
  Ledipasvir与sofosbuvir固定剂量联合方案正在进入Ⅲ期临床试验,以评估更短疗程以及利巴韦林加入后的疗效,该方案也将在难治人群中进行研究,包括肝硬化失代偿、肝移植前后以及人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)共感染者。

  发现失踪的钥匙:NTCP是一种乙肝病毒功能性受体 

  中国学者站上SOA讲台

  最近,北京生命科学研究院李文辉研究员成功地发现并确认了人类乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)及其密切相关的丁型肝炎病毒(HDV)感染肝细胞所必需的功能受体分子——肝细胞膜上的钠离子-牛磺胆酸-协同转运蛋白(NTCP)。这一重要发现为进一步深入研究乙肝病毒及相关致病机制打开了新的大门,并为研发新的药物和治疗手段提供了可能。消息一经公布,立即引发了国内外学者的广泛关注。
  在本届APASL大会上,李文辉研究员应邀进行SOA演讲,介绍了NTCP这一受体的发现过程及重要意义。
  能被大会邀请作SOA演讲是一种殊荣,是对演讲者工作的肯定和褒奖,演讲的内容通常为某一科研领域最新的成果。

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    2013-07-15 lq1771
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