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JCO:PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂初始治疗NSCLC 糖皮质激素让抗癌神药部分失效

2018-11-25 贾朝娟 环球医学

人体免疫系统中主要的“抗癌战士”称为“T细胞”,其表面有不同功能的受体,类似“油门”与“刹车”,被称为“免疫检查点阻断剂”(ICB)的药物可以松开刹车踩油门,与肿瘤作战。PD-1是其中的关键,作为一种细胞膜蛋白受体,正常情况下其功能是抑制T细胞的激活,这是免疫系统的一种正常的自稳机制。

人体免疫系统中主要的“抗癌战士”称为“T细胞”,其表面有不同功能的受体,类似“油门”与“刹车”,被称为“免疫检查点阻断剂”(ICB)的药物可以松开刹车踩油门,与肿瘤作战。PD-1是其中的关键,作为一种细胞膜蛋白受体,正常情况下其功能是抑制T细胞的激活,这是免疫系统的一种正常的自稳机制。

但许多肿瘤细胞利用这一点,让“刹车”一直工作,使T细胞功能被抑制,程序性细胞死亡1(PD-1)与程序性死亡配体1(PD-L1)抑制剂则可以阻断这一通路,使这些细胞能够继续杀伤肿瘤细胞。值得提起的是,因发现PD-1,日本学者本庶佑摘得了今年的诺贝尔生理学奖桂冠。

PD-1与PD-L1抑制剂如今已成为肺癌患者的标准治疗。糖皮质激素的免疫抑制作用会降低PD-(L)1抑制剂的有效性。使用糖皮质激素治疗免疫相关不良事件貌似不会影响疗效,但初始治疗时基线糖皮质激素治疗的潜在影响未知。

且目前PD-(L)1相关临床试验一般都将基线接受糖皮质激素治疗的患者排除在外,这促使研究者使用真实世界数据来调查初始治疗时糖皮质激素的影响。

研究者从斯隆-凯特林纪念癌症中心和古斯塔夫鲁西癌症中心中设别出未经PD-(L)1治疗的晚期非小细胞肺癌NSCLC)患者,这些患者后来接受PD-(L)1抑制剂单药治疗。

研究者回顾了临床和药房记录,从而确定开始PD-(L)1治疗时糖皮质激素的使用情况。使用Cox成比例风险回归模型和逻辑回归进行多变量分析。

90/614名(14%)接受PD-(L)1抑制剂单药治疗的患者,在开始治疗时接受了每天≥10mg泼尼松当量的糖皮质激素治疗。使用糖皮质激素的常见适应证为呼吸困难(33%)、乏力(21%)、脑转移(19%)。

提交

在两个独立队列中,斯隆-凯特林纪念癌症中心(455人)和古斯塔夫鲁西癌症中心(185人)的基线糖皮质激素使用,都与PD-(L)1抑制剂的总响应率、无进展生存期、总生存期的降低相关。

汇总人群的多变量分析中,在调整了吸烟史、体力状态、脑转移史后,基线糖皮质激素仍然与无进展生存期(HR,1.3;P=0.03)和总生存期(1.7;P<0.001)显着降低相关。

作者认为,基线使用≥10mg泼尼松当量的糖皮质激素,与接受PD-(L)1抑制剂治疗的NSCLC患者结局较差相关。对于癌症患者的食欲下降、疲劳和症状性脑转移,使用糖皮质激素是常规做法,但应用考虑可能影响治疗效果,推荐PD-(L)1抑制剂初始治疗时谨慎使用糖皮质激素。

原始出处:

Arbour KC, Mezquita L, Long N, et al. Impact of Baseline Steroids on Efficacy of Programmed Cell Death-1 and Programmed Death-Ligand 1 Blockade in Patients With Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2018 Oct 1;36(28):2872-2878. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2018.79.0006.

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    2019-11-01 lidong40
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    2019-05-09 jklm09
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    2018-11-27 smartjoy
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    2018-11-25 医者仁心5538

    学习了

    0

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糖皮质激素受体(GR)在雄激素受体(AR)信号缺陷时,是前列腺癌(PCa)恶化和治疗抗性产生的重要驱使因子。作为一个旁路机制,GR能够激活AR调控的基因表达,尽管GR靶基因能够导致PCa治疗抗性这一结论还未证明。越来越多的证据表明非裔美国(AA)男性不成比例的发展为恶性PCa,他们对GR信号表现为超敏,并与累积的应激性生活事件有关。最近,有研究人员利用种族多样化的PCa细胞系(MDA-PCa-2b

Transpl Infect Dis:免疫功能低下者,糖皮质激素使用对伏立康唑血药浓度影响几何?

伏立康唑(VRCZ)是一种三代的三唑类抗生素,具有广谱的抗菌活性。由于非线性的药代动力学特性,VRCZ的血药浓度高度多变;此外,还受药物相互作用、肠道吸收特性、基因多态性、炎症状态、年龄和体重等多重因素的影响。2018年8月,发表在《Transpl Infect Dis》的一项研究调查了免疫功能低下患者中,糖皮质激素使用对VRCZ血药浓度的影响。

J Thromb Haemost:缺血性卒中患者使用糖皮质激素与心血管事件风险

由此可见,在缺血性卒中后的第一年内,当前使用糖皮质激素与心肌梗塞和静脉血栓栓塞风险中度增加以及出血性卒中风险降低相关,而复发性缺血性卒中的风险不受影响。

J Bone Miner Res:炎症疾病患者:糖皮质激素剂量极小能否逃脱骨折风险?

者在《J Bone Miner Res》发表的一项研究,考察了糖皮质激素暴露和特定疾病美国患者队列的骨折风险之间的相关性。

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