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Cell:科学家揭示新型CRISPR系统适应性免疫响应机制

2016-12-22 中科院生物物理所 中科院生物物理所

导读 近期,中国科学院生物物理研究所高璞课题组与美国Sloan研究所Patel课题组合作,揭示了两类新型CRISPR-Cas系统响应外源DNA的作用机制,相关研究论文分别发表于2016年8月的《细胞研究》杂志和12月15日的《细胞》杂志。

导读 近期,中国科学院生物物理研究所高璞课题组与美国Sloan研究所Patel课题组合作,揭示了两类新型CRISPR-Cas系统响应外源DNA的作用机制,相关研究论文分别发表于2016年8月的《细胞研究》杂志和12月15日的《细胞》杂志。



本文转自中科院生物物理所,原标题“高璞课题组与美国Sloan研究所合作揭示细菌对外源DNA的适应性免疫响应机制”。

近期,中国科学院生物物理研究所高璞课题组与美国Sloan研究所Patel课题组合作,揭示了两类新型CRISPR-Cas系统(Type V-A Cpf1及Type V-B C2c1)响应外源DNA的作用机制,相关研究论文分别发表于2016年8月的《细胞研究》(Cell Research)杂志和12月15日的《细胞》(Cell)杂志。

对外源DNA的免疫识别及应答,是细胞感知和抵御病原感染的重要手段。这一免疫应答过程广泛存在于从低等原核生物到高等哺乳动物当中。高等动物的天然免疫系统包含多种DNA模式识别受体,用于对外源侵染DNA的识别。而细菌响应噬菌体或质粒DNA则主要依赖于两套系统:“Restriction-Modification(R-M)系统”及“CRISPR-Cas系统”。高璞以往的研究主要是围绕外源DNA免疫识别这一科学问题,在博士与博士后期间分别参与了细菌R-M系统及哺乳动物胞质DNA响应通路等工作。相关研究已发表多篇研究论文,所申请的两项国际专利已经转让于Aduro和Novartis公司,开发的相关药物正在进行一期临床实验。


本文介绍的这两项工作,分别针对近期刚刚鉴定的两个“细菌的适应性免疫系统”:CRISPR-Cpf1系统及CRISPR-C2c1系统,具体如下:

1. 对于Cpf1系统,高璞课题组与其合作者解析了Cpf1-crRNA-DNA三元复合物,并详细分析了target DNA结合前后的构象变化,提出了有别于Cas9的DNA识别机制。基于结构的分析,他们推测Cpf1系统相较于Cas9可能具备更低的脱靶效应。此项工作以Type V CRISPR-Cas Cpf1 endonuclease employs a unique mechanism for crRNA-mediated target DNA recognition 为题发表于Cell Research。其中高璞为文章的第一及共同通讯作者,生物物理所为第一通讯单位。

2. 对于C2c1系统,高璞课题组与其合作者首先解析了C2c1-sgRNA二元复合物及C2c1-sgRNA-DNA多种三元复合物结构。通过结构分析,揭示了C2c1不同于Cas9和Cpf1的独特target DNA识别和切割方式。结合生化实验,首次明确了C2c1对双链DNA的切割会产生7nt的粘性末端。这是目前所有用于基因组编辑的CRISPR-Cas系统所能产生的最长粘性末端,将有希望提高切割后的连接效率。此项工作以PAM-Dependent Target DNA Recognition and Cleavage by C2c1 CRISPR-Cas Endonuclease 为题发表于Cell。高璞为文章的第二作者,生物物理所为第二单位。

以上两项工作得到了中科院生物大分子科教融合卓越创新中心及生物物理所启动经费等支持。


图:C2c1(A)及Cpf1(B)的结构域组成及其与RNA和DNA的复合物结构。

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    2017-04-09 维他命
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    2016-12-24 yuandd
  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1959951, encodeId=e0411959951ed, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dbe6445416' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CEL#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4454, encryptionId=dbe6445416, topicName=CEL)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c3ff68, createdName=维他命, createdTime=Sun Apr 09 18:22:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1814223, encodeId=d3d6181422398, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0c4094e0431' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#适应性免疫#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=94704, encryptionId=0c4094e0431, topicName=适应性免疫)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1376173, createdName=linagood, createdTime=Thu Sep 14 17:22:00 CST 2017, time=2017-09-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1944048, encodeId=8f0219440480c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f48228993d0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#免疫响应#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=28993, encryptionId=f48228993d0, topicName=免疫响应)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5c82369, createdName=jiekemin, createdTime=Fri Apr 14 03:22:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1869692, encodeId=164918696928e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fd764459a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Cell#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4459, encryptionId=fd764459a8, topicName=Cell)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=524d95, createdName=zhaozhouchifen, createdTime=Thu Nov 30 11:22:00 CST 2017, time=2017-11-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1275977, encodeId=46aa12e5977bb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=755d5211a0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CRISPR#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5211, encryptionId=755d5211a0, topicName=CRISPR)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=583c133, createdName=yuandd, createdTime=Sat Dec 24 01:22:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1621004, encodeId=387d162100461, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dccc94e01c9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#适应性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=62, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=94701, encryptionId=dccc94e01c9, topicName=适应性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b13a20191510, createdName=huhuaidong394, createdTime=Sat Dec 24 01:22:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-24, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
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