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全髋关节置换术后假体周围骨折1例

2019-02-01 刘俊 叶伟雄 梁伟国 临床骨科杂志

患者,男,56岁,因不慎扭伤致左大腿疼痛伴活动受限1d于2018年1月21日入院。患者3年前因双侧股骨头缺血性坏死,右侧Ⅳ期,左侧Ⅱ期,在我科行右侧全髋关节置换术。2年前因左髋部疼痛活动受限再次住院,左侧髋部MRI提示:左股骨头缺血性坏死Ⅲ期。

临床资料

患者,男,56岁,因不慎扭伤致左大腿疼痛伴活动受限1d于2018年1月21日入院。患者3年前因双侧股骨头缺血性坏死,右侧Ⅳ期,左侧Ⅱ期,在我科行右侧全髋关节置换术。2年前因左髋部疼痛活动受限再次住院,左侧髋部MRI提示:左股骨头缺血性坏死Ⅲ期。遂在我科行左股骨头缺血性坏死区病灶清除+钽棒植入术。术后14d,患者夜间上厕所不慎摔倒,摄片提示左股骨转子间骨折,遂在我科行左股骨头重钽棒取出术+钉道植骨术+左股骨转子间骨折切开复位股骨近端防旋髓内钉(PFNA)内固定术。1年前患者左髋部疼痛,活动受限再次住院,X线片提示:左股骨现股骨头塌陷及髋关节骨性关节炎,股骨转子间骨折已愈合。遂在我科行左侧PFNA取出术+人工全髋关节置换术。患者1d前行走时不慎扭伤左大腿,当即感左大腿明显疼痛,活动后加重,无胸闷、气促、头晕、呕吐。当时未予重视,近1d来左大腿疼痛逐渐加重,伴左大腿明显畸形,遂再次入院。X线片提示:左股骨干假体周围骨折(Vancouver分型B1型),见图1A。遂行左股骨干假体周围骨折切开复位锁定钢板及钢缆环扎内固定术+植骨术,见图1B。随访4个月,患者拄拐行走,左髋部无疼痛,左髋关节活动度正常。



讨论

本例患者行左全髋关节置换术前,曾行左股骨转子间骨折闭合复位PFNA内固定,股骨中下段有钉孔,行全髋关节置换术时未考虑到该钉孔处应力集中,使用普通股骨假体柄后应力更加集中在股骨柄假体远端,所以在低暴力下更易发生假体周围骨折,值得临床医师注意。为预防此类假体周围骨折,建议使用加长股骨柄假体。

原始出处:

刘俊,叶伟雄,梁伟国等.全髋关节置换术后假体周围骨折1例[J].临床骨科杂志,2018,21(6):754.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1008-0287.2018.06.044.

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    2019-03-29 yxch48
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