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Endocr Pract: 上海43年甲状腺癌发病率数据惊人!“过度诊断”或背锅!体检到底还做不做了?

2021-11-08 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

上海市甲状腺癌的发病率和死亡率差距越来越大,即发病率急剧上升,但死亡率没有明显变化。过度诊断可能是甲状腺癌发病率急剧上升的重要原因。

自20世纪80年代以来,世界大部分地区的甲状腺癌发病率和死亡率之间的差距越来越大,然而相应的死亡率相对较低且稳定。最近的一项研究发现厄瓜多尔存在甲状腺癌的过度诊断和过度治疗。甲状腺癌的过度诊断被定义为过度使用诊断技术来检测病变,有些病变如果不进行诊断,并不会产生症状或导致死亡。

有趣的是,诊断技术的出现和广泛应用与甲状腺癌发病率的上升趋势一致。关于上海甲状腺癌发病率和死亡率的长期趋势以及可能归因于过度诊断的甲状腺癌病例比例,我们知之甚少。

因此,研究人员调阅了1973年至2015年甲状腺癌病例数据(来自上海癌症登记处)。使用接合点回归分析评估平均年百分比变化(AAPC)。年龄、周期和出生队列效应采用年龄-周期队列模型进行评估。甲状腺癌病例的过度诊断率是根据观察到的发病率与预期发病率之间的差异,以北欧国家的发病率为参考进行估计的。

可以看到从1973年到2015年,甲状腺癌病例数为23117例,75%的患者为女性。2013年至2015年的年龄标准化率是1973年至1977年的7至8倍。与相对稳定的死亡率相比,从2002年到2015年,男性和女性甲状腺癌的发病率都有显著的上升趋势。

结合分析1973年至2015年上海市男女年龄标准化甲状腺癌发病率的长期趋势

随着时间的推移,过度诊断的比例逐渐增加,从2003年-2007年的68%上升到2013年-2015年的90%以上。这一增长趋势在男性和女性之间似乎是相似的。然而总的死亡率却没有明显的升高。

综上所述,上海市甲状腺癌的发病率和死亡率差距越来越大,即发病率急剧上升,但死亡率没有明显变化。过度诊断可能是甲状腺癌发病率急剧上升的重要原因。随着时间的推移,过度诊断的贡献逐渐增加,男女的趋势似乎是相似的。研究者呼吁在区域水平上更新无症状人群的甲状腺检查和诊断实践。

参考文献:Li Xie, Suna Wang, Ying Qian, Sinong Jia, Jie Wang, Lei Li, Weituo Zhang, Herbert Yu, Pingping Bao, Biyun Qian, Increasing Gap Between Thyroid Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Urban Shanghai, China: An Analysis Spanning 43 Years, Endocrine Practice, Volume 27, Issue 11, 2021, Pages 1100-1107, ISSN 1530-891X, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eprac.2021.06.002.

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    2022-09-13 lijingjun0378

    学习了

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    2021-11-11 qiuxiaoping

    学习了

    0

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    2021-11-10 marongnuan
  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1248639, encodeId=926c124863920, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f5435677043, createdName=lijingjun0378, createdTime=Tue Sep 13 12:44:48 CST 2022, time=2022-09-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2079301, encodeId=d81020e930194, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=659ce1280ee' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌发病率#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71280, encryptionId=659ce1280ee, topicName=癌发病率)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1777154, createdName=chenhongpeng, createdTime=Fri Mar 18 17:24:50 CST 2022, time=2022-03-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1799911, encodeId=22fa1e9991158, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9e3fe127909' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌发病#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71279, encryptionId=9e3fe127909, topicName=癌发病)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e2c92500045, createdName=12498636m49(暂无昵称), createdTime=Sat Jun 18 19:24:50 CST 2022, time=2022-06-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1823768, encodeId=2a441823e68bd, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b2873e9220e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#发病率#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=37922, encryptionId=b2873e9220e, topicName=发病率)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=aa0e14, createdName=lifestar, createdTime=Sat Jun 04 22:24:50 CST 2022, time=2022-06-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1069255, encodeId=457c10692551f, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160227/IMG56D1989D087E64175.jpg, createdBy=d63e109303, createdName=qiuxiaoping, createdTime=Thu Nov 11 13:08:00 CST 2021, time=2021-11-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1305256, encodeId=0db2130525630, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ba392659e58' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#体检#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=26597, encryptionId=ba392659e58, topicName=体检)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b191324, createdName=marongnuan, createdTime=Wed Nov 10 12:24:50 CST 2021, time=2021-11-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1068666, encodeId=ff5d106866698, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a3475682786, createdName=ms9000001258055198, createdTime=Tue Nov 09 18:20:41 CST 2021, time=2021-11-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1068612, encodeId=03831068612d7, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=5f1f5633705, createdName=ms1000000251410274, createdTime=Tue Nov 09 15:35:32 CST 2021, time=2021-11-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1068606, encodeId=47eb106860648, content=这里过度诊断的定义, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJibu7hwJqpmHiaJgLLmJmcwp0WDTxWI3vqPBO1Mloq21VBOPqziapyibYatvd2QWHWicolL1vbVZHgpRQ/132, createdBy=d16a2107341, createdName=JZ Yang, createdTime=Tue Nov 09 15:11:56 CST 2021, time=2021-11-09, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-11-09 ms9000001258055198

    学习了

    0

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    2021-11-09 ms1000000251410274

    学习了

    0

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    2021-11-09 JZ Yang

    这里过度诊断的定义

    0

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