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Ann Intern Med:白大衣高血压也需要治疗?Meta分析称,未治疗者心脏病死亡风险增倍

2019-06-16 朱柳媛 中国循环杂志

近日,《内科学年鉴》杂志发表的一项入选27项研究的Meta分析表明,白大衣高血压患者如未接受治疗,不仅比血压正常者容易发生心脏病,而且死于心脏病的风险增加了一倍。

近日,《内科学年鉴》杂志发表的一项入选27项研究的Meta分析表明,白大衣高血压患者如未接受治疗,不仅比血压正常者容易发生心脏病,而且死于心脏病的风险增加了一倍。

但是,研究者发现,白大衣高血压患者如服用降压药物,发生心脏病或因心血管病死亡的风险与血压正常者相似。

所谓的“白大衣高血压”,是指患者在医疗环境中测量的血压高于正常水平,而离开后血压又正常。数据显示,大约两成成年人存在白大衣高血压。

既往认为,白大衣高血压与患者在医疗环境下紧张有关。

但近年来,越来越多的研究表明,白大衣高血压实际上是未来可能出现心脏病的一种征象。

研究者指出,需要重视白大衣高血压这一特殊情况。

他们认为,没有用降压药的单纯白大衣高血压患者需要密切监测血压,看看是否会转变为持续性的高血压,或者在家中和医生诊室是否都会出现血压升高。

该研究结果说明,需要加强诊室外血压监测。作者强调,“在高血压诊治过程中,诊室外的血压监测非常关键。”

研究者还建议,没有接受降压治疗的白大衣高血压患者要积极进行生活方式调节,包括戒烟、限制饮酒、改善饮食结构、加强运动。

当然,他们也提到,如果白大衣高血压患者已应用降压药物,临床医生则要注意不过度治疗。

该Meta分析纳入的27项研究共包含25 786例白大衣高血压患者以及38 487例血压正常者,这些研究平均随访3~19年。

分析结果显示,与血压正常人群相比,未接受降压治疗的白大衣高血压患者发生心血管事件、全因死亡和心血管死亡的风险分别增加36%、33%和109%。

心血管事件包括脑卒中的部分研究中,未治疗的白大衣高血压患者发生心血管事件、全因死亡和心血管死亡的风险有所降低,分别增加12%、11%和4%。

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    2019-08-01 一闲
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    2019-07-19 guojianrong
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    2019-06-18 一叶知秋

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