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BMJ研究新闻:乳腺癌筛查中超声检查与钼靶X线检查的结果相似

2015-12-29 MedSci MedSci原创

据发表于Journal of the National Cancer Institute的一项新的研究表明,作为乳腺癌一个主要的筛查措施,超声检测与钼靶X线检测的乳腺癌检测率类似。该研究发现,超声检测可更好的检测浸润性且淋巴结阴性的乳腺癌,但是超声检测的假阳性结果也很高。

据发表于Journal of the National Cancer Institute的一项新的研究表明,作为乳腺癌一个主要的筛查措施,超声检测与钼靶X线检测的乳腺癌检测率类似。该研究发现,超声检测可更好的检测浸润性且淋巴结阴性的乳腺癌,但是超声检测的假阳性结果也很高。

该研究共纳入了2662名女性,已连续三年接受超声或钼靶X线检测筛查乳腺癌,如果筛查显示需要活检则应进行活检,或者在检查后随访12个月。

钼靶X线检查在发展中国家并没有广泛使用,而且在淋巴结阴性的浸润性乳腺癌以及年轻女性乳腺癌的筛查方面效果并不是很理想,所以研究人员想对比相同人群进行初筛时超声检查与钼靶X线检查的效果。

研究结果表明,超声检查乳腺癌的检出率(52.3%)与钼靶X线的乳腺癌检出率(53.2%)结果相似。在检测一个癌症时需要的超声屏幕数目为129,而钼靶X线则是127。

尽管两种筛查方法在检测出癌症的总数量上相似性,但是,超声检测出的癌症中大多数为浸润性的癌症(91%),而钼靶X线检测出的仅有2/3为浸润性的癌症(69.5%)。此外,超声筛查出的乳腺癌通常为淋巴结阴性。

钼靶X线检测可更容易的检测出乳腺导管原位癌,本研究中,82%的导管原位癌可在钼靶X线上显影,相比之下,仅有23%的导管原位癌可在超声影像中显影。

使用超声进行筛查时,近三分之一的未患癌女性在三次筛查中至少被召回了一次,而钼靶X线检测则不足四分之一。

研究人员写道,“虽然有必要行进一步的检测,但是,本结果表明,在缺乏有组织检查的国家里,超声筛查或是钼靶X线检测的一个可行的替代方法,特别是在有低成本、便携式的超声系统存在的情况下。”

最后,研究人员补充道,“对于不符合高风险标准需要MRI检测以及无法耐受MRI检查的乳腺高密度的危险女性来说,超声检查可以被看作是钼靶X线检查的一种补充检测方法。”

原始出处:

Susan Mayor. Ultrasound is similar to mammography in detecting breast cancer, study shows.BMJ 2015; 351 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.h6925.

Berg WA, Bandos AI, Mendelson EB, et al. Ultrasound as the primary screening test for breast cancer: analysis from ACRIN 6666. J Natl Cancer Inst2015, doi:10.1093/jnci/djv367.


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    2016-11-27 gaoxiaoe
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    2015-12-31 piaojinhua
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