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解析重离子如何治疗肿瘤

2018-01-04 帅才、梁军 新华社

重离子疗法从三方面对肿瘤产生作用。

专家指出,未来,多学科融合治疗肿瘤将成为大势所趋。随着生物学、材料学、人文医学等学科的发展,多学科综合诊治肿瘤将成为大势所趋。

湖南省人民医院副院长向华教授指出,多学科治疗肿瘤能最大限度避免局部治疗的弊端和疏漏,优化出最适合患者的方案,对病情复杂患者的诊疗效果更为明显。

向华说,介入治疗近年来发展迅速,可作为肿瘤手术前的辅助治疗,也可以作为术后预防复发和转移的治疗。随着新药物、新材料等不断研发,当前介入治疗术已涉及全身各个器官,适用于颅脑、肺、肝、胆等的灌注化疗和栓塞、肿瘤等。据介绍,目前,肿瘤微创介入包括热消融、冷消融以及化学消融等方法。对于肝癌患者可以实施微创介入手术。

向华告诉记者,介入医生通过患者大腿处1毫米的针眼插入肝动脉一根极细的导管,注入造影剂,使肝癌染色显影,再经导管引入一条更细的微导管,插进肿瘤血管,注入栓塞剂,遏制住肝脏血供使肿瘤缺乏营养而“饿死”。可以通过栓塞疗法,用药物把肿瘤周围的血管灌注堵塞,经过治疗,使患者的肿瘤因缺乏营养而活活饿死;还可以采用零下135摄氏度的低温冷冻治疗,把肿瘤给“冻死”。

重离子治疗肿瘤是目前各国研究的高精尖技术热点,也是公认的先进有效的治疗肿瘤方法。中科院近代物理研究所所长肖国青说,临床试验表明,重离子治疗对肺癌、肝癌乃至医学界最头疼的黑色素瘤等恶性肿瘤的局部控制率达80%以上。中科院在此方面已做了多年探索,联合甘肃省武威和兰州两市,先后打造集肿瘤诊断、治疗、康复等为一体的武威重离子治疗示范中心和兰州重离子治疗示范中心。

肖国青说,我国自主研制的重离子治疗癌症技术已获得突破性进展,临床试验表明重离子治疗癌症效果明显,目前已经具备临床推广条件。对于患者来说,与传统的放射治疗肿瘤的电子、X等常规射线相比,重离子束具有对健康组织辐射损伤轻、疗程短、控制率高等特点。

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    2018-01-15 杨柳青青

    签到学习了--

    0

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    2018-01-04 Y—xianghai

    学习了新知识

    0

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