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Crit Care Med:肥胖的危重脓毒血症患者常规哌拉西林剂量有无不足或过量?

2017-05-24 贾朝娟 环球医学

肥胖和危重疾病会改变抗生素的药代动力学,那么肥胖的危重脓毒血症患者使用常规剂量哌拉西林-他唑巴坦是否面临着剂量不足或给药过量的风险?2017年5月,发表在《Crit Care Med》的一项研究显示,使用常规剂量的16 g/2 g/24 h持续输注,当面对MIC较高的病原体时,肥胖患者比非肥胖患者更可能经历哌拉林剂量不足。

肥胖和危重疾病会改变抗生素的药代动力学,那么肥胖的危重脓毒血症患者使用常规剂量哌拉西林-他唑巴坦是否面临着剂量不足或给药过量的风险?2017年5月,发表在《Crit Care Med》的一项研究显示,使用常规剂量的16 g/2 g/24 h持续输注,当面对MIC较高的病原体时,肥胖患者比非肥胖患者更可能经历哌拉林剂量不足。

目的:肥胖和危重疾病会改变抗生素的药代动力学,但哌拉西林-他唑巴坦持续IV输注药代动力学在肥胖危重患者的研究很少。研究者旨在发生严重脓毒血症或脓毒血症休克的严重肥胖和非肥胖患者中比较哌拉西林的药代动力学。研究者假设血浆浓度变化会可以显示出危重患者的哌拉西林的给药剂量过低和过量。

方法:前瞻性对比研究。连续的危重严重肥胖(体重指数,>35 kg/m2)和非肥胖患者(体重指数,<30 kg/m2)使用16 g/2 g/24 h持续输注哌拉西林-他唑巴坦治疗。采用高效液相色谱法在7日内每隔12 h测量哌拉西林血浆浓度。比较两组间的未结合的哌拉西林血浆浓度和浓度超过64 mg/L(铜绿假单胞菌的MIC的4倍)的血浆浓度的分数时间。研究者对不同给药方案和最小抑菌浓度开展5000次蒙特卡罗模拟,并计算100%的时间超过64 mg/L时间的概率。

结果:研究者纳入11名严重肥胖和12名非肥胖患者并获得294份血样。研究未观察到哌拉西林血浆浓度在组间随时间变化的统计学意义的差异。肥胖患者和非肥胖患者超过64 mg/L的分数时间分别是64%(43~82%)和93%(85~100%),组内和组间变异性p=0.027。5名非肥胖患者和2名肥胖患者经历哌拉西林血浆浓度的潜在毒性。当以64 mg/L为目标时,蒙特卡罗模拟显示12 g/1.5 g/24h在两组中均显示剂量不足,而16 g/2 g/24 h仅在非肥胖患者中剂量足够。

结论:使用常规剂量的16 g/2 g/24 h持续输注,当面对MIC较高的病原体时,肥胖患者比非肥胖患者更可能经历哌拉林剂量不足。本研究证实对于高危患者的哌拉西林药物血浆浓度的检测是有必要的,这可以及时提示他们药物使用是否过量、发生药物毒性以及剂量不足和治疗失败。

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=204647, encodeId=080120464e21, content=学习了谢谢分享!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=97, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200816/e4675a86ea694f12b82202b320dc2654/12f6b900498349e994ce8f516a584d6a.jpg, createdBy=09431951290, createdName=大爰, createdTime=Wed May 31 06:33:41 CST 2017, time=2017-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=203148, encodeId=4bcb203148be, content=认真学习,不断进步,把经验分享给同好。点赞了!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Sat May 27 08:38:51 CST 2017, time=2017-05-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=202979, encodeId=487d2029e958, content=计量,频次要足够。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=99, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/xkvRjYnJzzRJ2R0y7VhicibvkjPWHjIMmu4ZpKnE9cWAu4lVicS3uDUCfF4M4JWvrkrYfpb2KehPV0Ee29tPqyPEebBUibiaKhnvD/0, createdBy=f8412001184, createdName=惠映实验室, createdTime=Sat May 27 00:27:41 CST 2017, time=2017-05-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1607558, encodeId=fa38160e55820, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=62, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=552a19396740, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Fri May 26 07:55:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=202150, encodeId=ce1a2021500a, content=根据体重给药,有条件检测血药浓度。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/xkvRjYnJzzRJ2R0y7VhicibvkjPWHjIMmu4ZpKnE9cWAu4lVicS3uDUCfF4M4JWvrkrYfpb2KehPV0Ee29tPqyPEebBUibiaKhnvD/0, createdBy=f8412001184, createdName=惠映实验室, createdTime=Wed May 24 23:38:15 CST 2017, time=2017-05-24, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-05-31 大爰

    学习了谢谢分享!!

    0

  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=204647, encodeId=080120464e21, content=学习了谢谢分享!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=97, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200816/e4675a86ea694f12b82202b320dc2654/12f6b900498349e994ce8f516a584d6a.jpg, createdBy=09431951290, createdName=大爰, createdTime=Wed May 31 06:33:41 CST 2017, time=2017-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=203148, encodeId=4bcb203148be, content=认真学习,不断进步,把经验分享给同好。点赞了!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Sat May 27 08:38:51 CST 2017, time=2017-05-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=202979, encodeId=487d2029e958, content=计量,频次要足够。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=99, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/xkvRjYnJzzRJ2R0y7VhicibvkjPWHjIMmu4ZpKnE9cWAu4lVicS3uDUCfF4M4JWvrkrYfpb2KehPV0Ee29tPqyPEebBUibiaKhnvD/0, createdBy=f8412001184, createdName=惠映实验室, createdTime=Sat May 27 00:27:41 CST 2017, time=2017-05-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1607558, encodeId=fa38160e55820, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=62, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=552a19396740, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Fri May 26 07:55:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=202150, encodeId=ce1a2021500a, content=根据体重给药,有条件检测血药浓度。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/xkvRjYnJzzRJ2R0y7VhicibvkjPWHjIMmu4ZpKnE9cWAu4lVicS3uDUCfF4M4JWvrkrYfpb2KehPV0Ee29tPqyPEebBUibiaKhnvD/0, createdBy=f8412001184, createdName=惠映实验室, createdTime=Wed May 24 23:38:15 CST 2017, time=2017-05-24, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-05-27 ylzr123

    认真学习,不断进步,把经验分享给同好。点赞了!

    0

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    2017-05-27 惠映实验室

    计量,频次要足够。

    0

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    2017-05-24 惠映实验室

    根据体重给药,有条件检测血药浓度。

    0

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背景:代谢因素已被认为是结直肠肿瘤(colorectal neoplasms ,CRN)的危险因素,如肥胖和胰岛素抵抗,但很少有研究调查代谢状态、肥胖和CRN之间的关联。目的:本研究旨在探讨曾在健康体检期间接受结肠镜检查的朝鲜人中,CRN与代谢状况、肥胖的关系。研究设计:本研究是一项回顾性、横断面研究。参与者:基于代谢和肥胖标准将受试者分为四组,分别是:(1)代谢健康的非肥胖者(MHNO);(2)

Plos One:超重和肥胖儿童与基因有关哦!

最近的研究表明,饮食行为受到遗传的影响,黑皮质素4受体(MC4R)基因多态性可影响总能量的摄入和脂肪、蛋白质和碳水化合物的消耗。近期,一项发表在杂志Plos One上的研究旨在调查中国儿童MC4R多态性与食欲和食物摄入的关系。此项研究在151个中国家庭中进行,这些家庭中都有9-15岁的超重/肥胖儿童。研究者们对MC4R附近的rs12970134进行了基因分型,并进行了儿童饮食行为问卷调查表(CEB

Nature Immunology:抑制整合蛋白α4加速脂肪燃烧以及治疗肥胖

这一研究结果,揭示了肥胖导致的炎症抑制脂肪代谢的原因,提供了促进米色脂肪细胞产生所需的重要治疗靶点,未来为通过抑制整合蛋白α4所开发治疗肥胖的疗法提供了理论基础。

英国350万人研究再次证实:良性肥胖非良性,心血管病风险高

近期欧洲肥胖大会上,英国学者在350万人群中进行的研究再次证明:良性肥胖并不保险,心血管疾病风险依旧高。

Nature Immunology:巨噬细胞缺陷在脂肪组织中妨碍交感神经分布及脂肪代谢

这一报告揭示了缺陷的脂肪组织中的巨噬细胞能够妨碍脂肪组织中交感神经的分布,以及激素的分泌,从而中断脂肪细胞消耗脂肪产生能量和热量的过程,并且导致肥胖。

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