双语：欧美出现儿童罕见“不明炎症”，疑与新冠病毒有关

近期，欧美多个国家相继报告有儿童出现了罕见“不明病症”，患病儿童症状类似川崎病（Kawasaki disease），会产生罕见且严重的炎症，皮肤、心脏、眼睛、血管都会受到影响。专家称，可能与新冠病毒相关。

The syndrome, a toxic-shock-like inflammation that affects the skin, the eyes, blood vessels and the heart, can leave children seriously ill, with some patients requiring mechanical ventilation. Many of the symptoms bear some resemblance to a rare childhood illness called Kawasaki disease, which can lead to inflammation of the blood vessels, especially the coronary arteries.

该症状就像中毒性休克，会影响皮肤、眼睛、血管和心脏，会给儿童带来严重病情，有些患儿不得不使用呼吸机。这种病症很类似一种罕见的儿童疾病，叫川崎病，这种病会导致血管，尤其是冠状动脉的炎症。

美国164名儿童患病，部分新冠病毒检测呈阳性

美国当地时间5月14日，VOX报道称，美国的17个州里，至少有164名儿童出现了相关病症，部分儿童新冠病毒检测呈阳性，其中，3名儿童死亡。

Doctors in 17 US states are reporting that at least 164 children have fallen sick with a rare inflammatory illness similar to a condition known as Kawasaki disease. Symptoms include fever and inflammation and can affect organs, including the heart. Some of the children have tested positive for Covid-19 or antibodies to the virus, and three have died.

在全美17个州中，根据医护人员报告，至少有164名儿童患有罕见的炎症，产生类似川崎病的症状，包括发烧、发炎，并且会影响心脏等器官。其中一些儿童检测显示新冠病毒或抗体呈阳性，3名儿童已经死亡。

目前，美国纽约州报告的这种“小儿炎症综合征”（pediatric inflammatory syndrome）病例最多，出现了102例，其中29%的患病儿童介于5岁到9岁，28%介于10岁到14岁。

New York state has reported 102 cases of the pediatric inflammatory syndrome so far, with 29 percent of the cases involving children between the ages of 5 and 9 and 28 percent between the ages of 10 and 14.

纽约州州长科莫（Andrew M. Cuomo）在9日的通报会上，呼吁家长要保持警惕，要注意孩子是否出现长时间发烧，严重的腹痛，肤色的改变，心跳加快或者胸痛等症状。

Mr. Cuomo has asked parents to be vigilant in looking for symptoms such as prolonged fever, severe abdominal pain, change in skin color, racing heart and chest pain.

此前，科学界认为新冠病毒对于年轻人，特别是儿童，影响较小，而这些病例的出现，引起了各方的关注，科莫也表达了自己的担忧，称这种情况“非常令人不安”（ “truly disturbing”）。

Mr. Cuomo said that many of the children, some just toddlers, had not shown respiratory symptoms commonly associated with the coronavirus when they arrived at the hospital but that all of them had tested positive for Covid-19 or its antibodies.

科莫说，很多儿童，甚至是一些婴儿，他们被送到医院的时候，并没有出现与新冠病毒相关的呼吸道症状，但是他们全部对新冠病毒检测呈阳性，或者检测出了病毒抗体。

这与之前人们对于新冠病毒的认知大相径庭。

“We were laboring under the impression that young people were not affected by Covid-19, and that was actually good news,” Mr. Cuomo said. “We still have a lot to learn about this virus.” “So it is still very much a situation that is developing, but it is a serious situation,” he added.

科莫说：“我们一直以来都是在年轻人不易感的认知下抗击疫情的，这本是一个好消息，但是，现在我们知道，我们仍然对这个病毒不甚了解。现在事态还在发展中，且情况仍然很严重。”

▌英国最早发现，4月份已出现病例

这种罕见的儿童炎症综合征最早在英国被发现，目前该国已有超过100例。

早在4月份，英国就报告有类似病情的儿童。据《卫报》4月28日报道，至少有12名英国儿童因为患新冠病毒相关的疾病，需要重症护理。患儿出现了一种新型中毒性休克症状，会导致疼痛和炎症。

上月，英国国家医疗服务体系（NHS）向当地医生发出紧急警报，指出英国出现多起因多系统炎症综合征（multi-system inflammatory syndrome）送入重症病房的儿童，部分感染了新冠病毒。

The mysterious condition emerged last month when NHS bosses issued an alert to doctors after hospitals admitted a number of children with a mix of toxic shock and symptoms seen in an inflammatory disorder known as Kawasaki disease.

这种神秘病症出现于上月，NHS向全英医生发出警告，有多起儿童患中毒性休克和与川崎症类似的炎症病例。

5月14日，《卫报》报道称，12日，伦敦一名14岁男童死亡，这是英国首例相关病症死亡案例。目前，全英大约有75到100名儿童在接受治疗。常见的病症包括发烧、皮疹、红眼、裂唇和腹痛。

On Tuesday, medics at the Evelina London Children’s Hospital announced the death of a 14-year-old boy, the first known fatality from the condition in Britain. Between 75 and 100 children are now receiving treatment across the country. Typical symptoms include a fever, skin rashes, red eyes, cracked lips and abdominal pain.

英国卫生大臣马特·汉考克表示，这种疾病可能是由新冠病毒引起的，但因为有些患病儿童核酸检测为阴性，所以还不能百分之百确定。

▌《柳叶刀》意大利报告：证据显示罕见炎症与新冠病毒有关

国际知名医学杂志《柳叶刀》于5月13日刊登了一份意大利报告，题为“在意大利疫情震中，严重的类川崎病暴发：一份基于观察的队列研究”，指出了这些病例与新冠病毒有关的证据。

研究指出，在感染率和死亡率全意第一的城市贝加莫（Bergamo），Papa Giovanni XXIII医院的医疗记录显示，自从疫情蔓延到贝加莫以来，川崎症类似病例上升到了每月约10例，而在过去的5年间，类似的症状大约3个月只有1例。

The latest evidence comes from doctors in Bergamo, the city with the highest rate of coronavirus infections and deaths in Italy. Medical records at the Papa Giovanni XXIII hospital showed that since the outbreak reached Bergamo, cases of Kawasaki-like disease rose to about 10 per month compared with one every three months in the previous five years.

而在2月中旬到4月中旬接受治疗的10名儿童中，8名新冠病毒抗体检测呈阳性，医生认为另外两例阴性可能是由于测试出现失误。

Of 10 children treated for the disorder between mid-February and mid-April, eight tested positive for antibodies to the virus. The two negative cases may be explained by faulty test results, the doctors believe.

意大利的医生称，不明炎症与新冠病毒之间存在强关联，世界各国政府解除封锁时应当提高警惕。

The doctors warn that the "strong association" between the coronavirus and the inflammatory condition should be taken into account as governments around the world ease lockdown restrictions. 

目前多国都有出现类似病例，包括英国、美国、法国、西班牙、意大利和瑞士。病例中学龄儿童多于婴儿。

The rise in cases points to a form of Kawasaki disease that affects young schoolchildren more than infants. Since the first cases were reported in Britain, dozens more have emerged in the US, France, Spain, Italy and Switzerland.

不过，专家也指出，目前这种病例还相当罕见，大部分儿童仍然未受到新冠肺炎影响。

Prof Russell Viner, president of the Royal College of paediatrics and child health, said it remained the case that children were largely unaffected by Covid-19, but that surveillance for the new syndrome would shed light on who it affects, how, and what the longer-term outcomes are. 

英国皇家儿科与儿童健康学院院长Russell Viner教授指出，大部分儿童仍然未受到疫情影响，不过对于这种新综合征的监控，能让我们了解它会影响哪些人、如何影响，以及会带来怎样的长期影响。

“The great majority of children with this condition have been well treated and are getting better and have gone home,” he said.

他说：“绝大多数患有相关症状的儿童都得到了非常好的治疗，并且恢复得很好，都回家了。”