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Cell亮点丨刘颖博士等报道人造免疫细胞能有效对抗超级细菌感染

2018-06-23 BioArt BioArt

甲氧西林耐药性金黄色葡萄球菌(Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus,MRSA)感染,迄今为止仍是医学界的一大难题, 极大威胁着人类的健康。每年,仅在美国就有接近2万的病人死于MRSA感染,其死亡率超过艾滋病,肝炎和流感的总和。随着MRSA对临床抗生素药物耐药性的逐日增加,开发新型杀菌疗法迫在眉睫。

甲氧西林耐药性金黄色葡萄球菌(Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus,MRSA)感染,迄今为止仍是医学界的一大难题, 极大威胁着人类的健康。每年,仅在美国就有接近2万的病人死于MRSA感染,其死亡率超过艾滋病,肝炎和流感的总和。随着MRSA对临床抗生素药物耐药性的逐日增加,开发新型杀菌疗法迫在眉睫。

现今,MRSA引起的体内移植物相关感染(implant-associated infections,IAI)尤为棘手。这是因为作为IAI 最重要的感染源,MRSA极易附着在移植物表面,形成一层菌膜(biofilm)。这种菌膜的形成不但可以保护膜内细菌的生殖和繁衍,而且可以有效抵御外界药物和人体自身免疫细胞的进入和侵蚀。所以,MRSA诱导的IAI一旦形成,手术取出体内移植物几乎成为治愈此类感染的唯一有效手段。

日前,来自瑞士苏黎世联邦理工大学生物学系统工程系Martin Fussenegger 教授课题组联合瑞士巴塞尔大学医学院Nina Khanna课题组(论文第一作者为刘颖博士,本科:华中科技大学;硕士:帝国理工学院;博士:苏黎世联邦理工学院)在Cell杂志发表了题为Immunomimetic Designer Cells Protect Mice from MRSA Infection的论文,该研究通过植入人工模拟的免疫细胞( Immunomimetic designer cells),把Toll like receptor识别细菌的信号通路转嫁到一个合成启动子上来驱动杀菌肽的表达,构建了一个自动响应和杀菌的闭环基因网路,有效预防MRSA感染老鼠和在移植物上形成菌膜,使感染的老鼠在接受细胞治疗后,达到了100%的治愈率。本研究提供了一种新型治疗手段,通过细胞作为载体来自动感应并清除有多重耐药性的细菌。

在该研究中,研究人员借鉴人体自身存在的免疫机制,通过重组Toll like receptor在先天免疫细胞中的信号通路,在人源细胞(HEK293)中实现了识别细菌并快速响应杀菌的功能。

通常,在人体抵御MRSA感染的过程中,先天免疫细胞首先通过Toll like receptors识别专属于这些细菌本身的一些特殊病原体相关分子模式(pathogen-associated molecular patterns)。接着,被激活的Toll like receptors启动下游的信号通路,通过NF-B , AP-1等转录因子驱动一系列促炎性细胞分子和趋化因子的表达。这些炎症因子继而引发炎症反应,引导免疫细胞从血循环中迁徙到达感染部位进行杀菌。然而,本研究通过把Toll like receptor识别细菌的信号通路转嫁到一个合成启动子上来驱动杀菌肽(lysostaphin)的表达,构建了一个自动响应和杀菌的闭环基因网路(closed-loop gene circuit)。


整合了该闭环基因网路的细胞 (Infectpro)不仅展现出了敏感的响应MRSA的特性,并且在体外受到不同程度的MRSA感染后可以快速释放杀菌肽并全部清除细菌。

这些细胞随后被包裹在半透性的海藻酸钠微胶囊中,移植到老鼠体内进行杀菌效果的测试。为模拟人体IAI,本研究采用了组织笼感染的老鼠模型(tissue cage infection mice model),组织笼的存在能够有效加速菌膜的形成从而大大增加了杀菌的难度。被微胶囊包裹的细胞分别在老鼠感染前或感染后被植入组织笼中,然后进行8天的体内测试,测定游离细菌的数量和组织笼上菌膜的形成。

结果显示,植入的人工模拟的免疫细胞(Infectpro),不仅可以通过表达信号蛋白,帮助直接诊断老鼠是否受到感染,而且还可以有效预防MRSA感染老鼠和在移植物上形成菌膜(biofilm)。此外,感染的老鼠在接受细胞治疗后,达到了100%的治愈率。相比之下,传统的抗生素疗法 (VAN)和直接的杀菌肽注射治疗(LYS)都只能达到部分杀菌的疗效。

本研究提供了一种新型治疗手段,通过细胞作为载体来自动感应并清除有多重耐药性的细菌。耐药菌的产生并不仅仅归咎于抗生素的滥用,无论是哪种杀菌药物在经过长期的使用后,都可能会由于细菌自身的进化而逐渐产生抗药性菌株。而早期发现并预防细菌感染可以通过减少杀菌药物的使用从而延缓细菌抗药性的产生。


虽然,接种疫苗可以很好地预防疾病,但至今也没有可以有效对抗MRSA的疫苗。本研究利用合成生物学方法设计构建了人造免疫细胞应用于细菌感染,此研究或许为即将来临的后抗生素时代提供了一种全新的思路和新型的治疗手段。

Martin Fussenegger教授:Martin Fussenegger教授哺乳动物细胞合成生物学研究领域的顶尖学者,目前发表SCI论文240余篇,拥有20多项发明专利。尤其是近5年,连续在Nature、Science、Cell、Nature Biotechnology、Nature Methods、Science Translational Medicine, Nature Communications、Molecular Cell、PNAS 等国际一流顶级刊物发表学术论文。其研究成果被多家国际学术媒体广泛报道,得到国际同行专家广泛认可。

原始出处:
Ying Liu, Peng Bai, Anne-Kathrin Woischnig, et al.Immunomimetic Designer Cells Protect Mice from MRSA Infection. CEll.June 21, 2018DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2018.05.039

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    2018-07-23 维他命
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    2018-06-24 122f1c2bm83暂无昵称

    这么好的发现居然没什么媒体报道!

    0

  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1708123, encodeId=d59c1e08123c2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e00b251e5dc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#人造#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=25175, encryptionId=e00b251e5dc, topicName=人造)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/aLGWoFXAyMbIu3qymFOyheQLjPSX3OUs5GmkyBlcCOwTPIeq3why9NGibxxUqYo6hcx8qZLHZFgNPnBK1yzWeOFpyg2OnWOt0/0, createdBy=fa4716, createdName=仁心济世, createdTime=Sun Jan 06 15:56:00 CST 2019, time=2019-01-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1870699, encodeId=f2f918e069996, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fd764459a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Cell#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4459, encryptionId=fd764459a8, topicName=Cell)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=524d95, createdName=zhaozhouchifen, createdTime=Sun Apr 07 06:56:00 CST 2019, time=2019-04-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1960968, encodeId=f24e1960968f3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dbe6445416' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CEL#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4454, encryptionId=dbe6445416, topicName=CEL)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c3ff68, createdName=维他命, createdTime=Mon Jul 23 07:56:00 CST 2018, time=2018-07-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1280672, encodeId=6f0b12806e2e5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=beefe810798' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#细菌感染#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=78107, encryptionId=beefe810798, topicName=细菌感染)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6779163, createdName=liuhuangbo, createdTime=Mon Jun 25 04:56:00 CST 2018, time=2018-06-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1321695, encodeId=1fbb1321695b5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=64049291048' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#超级细菌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=82, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=92910, encryptionId=64049291048, topicName=超级细菌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ea13490, createdName=xqptu, createdTime=Mon Jun 25 04:56:00 CST 2018, time=2018-06-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=326655, encodeId=e41132665504, content=这么好的发现居然没什么媒体报道!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=da2c2370807, createdName=122f1c2bm83暂无昵称, createdTime=Sun Jun 24 15:53:32 CST 2018, time=2018-06-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=326381, encodeId=a83b32638197, content=学习了受益匪浅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=103, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/ajNVdqHZLLDicHg2ldsSNmib46PmdzpO7CQEmPjuULp1v45zPWwMYhrnXgvl3OtmUCZSQfgITWn96X9moL94nUGA/0, createdBy=28072041016, createdName=131****1460, createdTime=Sat Jun 23 17:18:59 CST 2018, time=2018-06-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=326372, encodeId=8e4c3263e25f, content=了解一下.谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=97, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2019/12/23/2f51002e1349ccda5be11c1eea1e1e60.jpg, createdBy=a22097948, createdName=天地飞扬, createdTime=Sat Jun 23 16:36:00 CST 2018, time=2018-06-23, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-06-23 131****1460

    学习了受益匪浅

    0

  8. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1708123, encodeId=d59c1e08123c2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e00b251e5dc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#人造#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=25175, encryptionId=e00b251e5dc, topicName=人造)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/aLGWoFXAyMbIu3qymFOyheQLjPSX3OUs5GmkyBlcCOwTPIeq3why9NGibxxUqYo6hcx8qZLHZFgNPnBK1yzWeOFpyg2OnWOt0/0, createdBy=fa4716, createdName=仁心济世, createdTime=Sun Jan 06 15:56:00 CST 2019, time=2019-01-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1870699, encodeId=f2f918e069996, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fd764459a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Cell#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4459, encryptionId=fd764459a8, topicName=Cell)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=524d95, createdName=zhaozhouchifen, createdTime=Sun Apr 07 06:56:00 CST 2019, time=2019-04-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1960968, encodeId=f24e1960968f3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dbe6445416' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CEL#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4454, encryptionId=dbe6445416, topicName=CEL)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c3ff68, createdName=维他命, createdTime=Mon Jul 23 07:56:00 CST 2018, time=2018-07-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1280672, encodeId=6f0b12806e2e5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=beefe810798' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#细菌感染#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=78107, encryptionId=beefe810798, topicName=细菌感染)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6779163, createdName=liuhuangbo, createdTime=Mon Jun 25 04:56:00 CST 2018, time=2018-06-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1321695, encodeId=1fbb1321695b5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=64049291048' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#超级细菌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=82, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=92910, encryptionId=64049291048, topicName=超级细菌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ea13490, createdName=xqptu, createdTime=Mon Jun 25 04:56:00 CST 2018, time=2018-06-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=326655, encodeId=e41132665504, content=这么好的发现居然没什么媒体报道!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=da2c2370807, createdName=122f1c2bm83暂无昵称, createdTime=Sun Jun 24 15:53:32 CST 2018, time=2018-06-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=326381, encodeId=a83b32638197, content=学习了受益匪浅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=103, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/ajNVdqHZLLDicHg2ldsSNmib46PmdzpO7CQEmPjuULp1v45zPWwMYhrnXgvl3OtmUCZSQfgITWn96X9moL94nUGA/0, createdBy=28072041016, createdName=131****1460, createdTime=Sat Jun 23 17:18:59 CST 2018, time=2018-06-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=326372, encodeId=8e4c3263e25f, content=了解一下.谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=97, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2019/12/23/2f51002e1349ccda5be11c1eea1e1e60.jpg, createdBy=a22097948, createdName=天地飞扬, createdTime=Sat Jun 23 16:36:00 CST 2018, time=2018-06-23, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-06-23 天地飞扬

    了解一下.谢谢分享!

    0

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