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Nat Chem:研究人员发现胆固醇或催化阿尔茨海默病

2018-05-09 黄敏 新华社

研究人员在由 7 日出版的 《自然·化学》 刊载的论文中写道:“我们现在的问题不是要消除大脑中的胆固醇,而是需要通过调节胆固醇与贝塔淀粉状蛋白的相互作用来控制它对阿尔茨海默病的作用。我们不能说胆固醇是(贝塔淀粉状蛋白)积聚的唯一催化剂,但肯定是之一。”

英国剑桥大学和瑞典隆德大学研究人员发现,胆固醇可能在阿尔茨海默病形成和发展过程中起到催化剂作用。

先前研究显示,大脑中贝塔淀粉状蛋白大量积聚是导致阿尔茨海默病的直接原因。实际上,所有脑细胞都会生成贝塔淀粉状蛋白。研究牵头人、剑桥大学学者米歇尔·文德鲁斯科洛说,正常情况下,大脑中的贝塔淀粉状蛋白水平几乎是实验室积聚要求的千分之一,“到底发生了什么让它积聚?”研究人员在体外研究中发现,大脑神经元细胞膜中所含胆固醇是贝塔淀粉状蛋白积聚的催化剂,让积聚速度快 20 倍。

研究人员在由 7 日出版的 《自然·化学》 刊载的论文中写道:“我们现在的问题不是要消除大脑中的胆固醇,而是需要通过调节胆固醇与贝塔淀粉状蛋白的相互作用来控制它对阿尔茨海默病的作用。我们不能说胆固醇是(贝塔淀粉状蛋白)积聚的唯一催化剂,但肯定是之一。”

研究人员说,目前尚不清楚这一结果是否适用于来自食物的胆固醇,因为胆固醇并不能穿透血脑屏障,也就是说不能由血液进入脑组织。

研究人员认为,这项研究结果意味着人们朝寻求阿尔茨海默病的可能疗法前进了一步。

原始出处:

Johnny Habchi, Sean Chia, Céline Galvagnion, et al. Cholesterol catalyses Aβ42 aggregation through a heterogeneous nucleation pathway in the presence of lipid membranes. Nature Chemistry (2018), doi:10.1038/s41557-018-0031-x.

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噪音诱导的听力损失(NIHL)在工人群体中是一种最常见职业疾病之一,且与高水平噪音长期接触相关。NIHL的病理到目前为止仍旧不清楚,但是一些基因和它们在组织水平上的活性有所研究。血胆脂醇过多能搞扰乱微循环,能够成为听力损失潜在的病理机制之一。最近,有研究人员进行了旨在调查NIHL与血胆脂醇过多之间关系的研究。研究的群体在职业噪音为85dB且接触至少10年的工人中选择,并且在7种频率(500Hz,

PLOS ONE:胆固醇水平和死亡率的队列研究

众所周知的是,高胆固醇血症是冠心病的危险因素,但至今为止,我们对于胆固醇水平的变化与死亡率之间的关联尚未完全了解。

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