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Diabetes Care:神了!二甲双胍被发现能够保护大脑功能,减慢认知衰退,降低痴呆风险

2020-09-25 生物世界 Bio生物世界

二甲双胍(Metformin)通过抑制肝脏葡萄糖的产生而具有降低血糖作用,是治疗2型糖尿病的一线药物,也是全球最常用的处方药之一,全世界有上亿人在服用二甲双胍。

二甲双胍(Metformin)通过抑制肝脏葡萄糖的产生而具有降低血糖作用,是治疗2型糖尿病的一线药物,也是全球最常用的处方药之一,全世界有上亿人在服用二甲双胍。除了降血糖之外,许多研究发现,二甲双胍还能改善血脂代谢、减肥、减少血管并发症发生几率,甚至还有抗肿瘤的效用。

近日,澳大利亚新南威尔士大学的研究人员在 Diabetes Care 杂志发表了题为:Metformin Use Is Associated With Slowed Cognitive Decline and Reduced Incident Dementia in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: The Sydney Memory and Ageing Study 的研究论文。

研究团队对1037名年龄在70-90岁之间的老年人进行长达6年的研究,表明服用二甲双胍与2型糖尿病老人认知衰退减慢和痴呆率降低有关。

对于2型糖尿病患者,服用二甲双胍不仅能降血糖,还能带来额外的益处:减缓认知衰退。该研究的第一作者 Katherine Samaras 教授表示,这项研究揭示了一种安全且广泛使用的药物的更广阔前景,对于有痴呆风险的个人和家庭来说,这项发现可能会彻底改变他们的生活。

保护大脑功能

当身体不再产生足够的胰岛素来满足其需求,从而使受影响的个体无法将血糖水平维持在正常范围内时,就会发生2型糖尿病。2型糖尿病会导致长期的健康并发症,包括认知能力下降。

随着年龄的增长,2型糖尿病患者罹患痴呆症的风险高达60%,痴呆症是一种破坏性疾病,会影响思想、行为、执行日常任务的能力和维持独立的能力。这对个人、家庭、经济和社会都有巨大影响。

在这1037名研究对象中,有123名患有2型糖尿病,其中67名服用二甲双胍以降低血糖水平。研究人员每两年对他们的认知功能进行测试,通过详细的评估来衡量认知能力,包括记忆、执行能力、注意力、速度以及语言能力。

研究结果表明,与未服用二甲双胍的人相比,服用二甲双胍的2型糖尿病患者的认知能力下降和痴呆风险显着降低。

老药新用

二甲双胍(Metformin),是从紫丁香中提取出来的,而这种植物已经有一千多年的药用历史了。

1957年,英国最早批准了二甲双胍应用于临床治疗,如今已被安全地用于治疗2型糖尿病超过60年了,二甲双胍通过抑制肝脏葡萄糖的产生从而减少肝脏释放到血液中的葡萄糖量,并使人体细胞更好地响应血糖水平。

近十年的研究表明,二甲双胍不仅能够有效治疗2型糖尿病,还对癌症、心脏病、多囊卵巢综合征,以及减肥等有益处。

这项研究提供了有前景的初步证据,表明二甲双胍可以预防认知能力下降。为了进一步确定二甲双胍的功效,研究团队正在计划对有痴呆症风险的人群进行二甲双胍大型随机对照试验,如果有效,就意味着能够在安全的前提下重新使用这种廉价药物预防老年人认知能力下降及痴呆症。

该研究的通讯作者 Perminder Sachdev 教授表示,虽然这项观察性研究并未提供二甲双胍可预防痴呆的“结论性证据”,但确实鼓励我们继续研究二甲双胍预防痴呆症。

这项发现为减少2型糖尿病患者痴呆风险,以及全世界4700万有痴呆风险者带来了新的希望。

原始出处:

Katherine Samaras, Steve Makkar, John D Crawford,et al.Metformin Use Is Associated With Slowed Cognitive Decline and Reduced Incident Dementia in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: The Sydney Memory and Ageing Study.Diabetes Care. 2020 Sep 23;dc200892. doi: 10.2337/dc20-0892.

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    2021-06-28 大叔默默路过

    又见神药。。

    0

  4. 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  9. 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target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#认知衰退#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=91268, encryptionId=52399126814, topicName=认知衰退)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c45614401041, createdName=朱睿睿, createdTime=Sun Sep 27 05:14:10 CST 2020, time=2020-09-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=888483, encodeId=e5598884834b, content=神药, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=139, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200803/bf55cfcb09b74a0cbf751a980fe04576/e4480eaa47ab42da91303dd1c72e723e.jpg, createdBy=89fd5188713, createdName=莉莉安 Lillian C., createdTime=Sat Sep 26 10:24:02 CST 2020, time=2020-09-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=888364, encodeId=75dd88836449, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ce9d239823b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#二甲双胍#</a>通过抑制肝脏葡萄糖的产生从而减少肝脏释放到血液中的葡萄糖量,并使人体细胞更好地响应血糖水平。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=164, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=23982, encryptionId=ce9d239823b, topicName=二甲双胍)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20211019/df01a4bfb64246379ddfef3370d04115/e1274c8eb5e440918f56f83bcfea9031.jpg, createdBy=3a345397082, createdName=Jessica, createdTime=Fri Sep 25 18:15:11 CST 2020, time=2020-09-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-09-26 莉莉安 Lillian C.

    神药

    0

  10. 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GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=888364, encodeId=75dd88836449, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ce9d239823b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#二甲双胍#</a>通过抑制肝脏葡萄糖的产生从而减少肝脏释放到血液中的葡萄糖量,并使人体细胞更好地响应血糖水平。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=164, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=23982, encryptionId=ce9d239823b, topicName=二甲双胍)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20211019/df01a4bfb64246379ddfef3370d04115/e1274c8eb5e440918f56f83bcfea9031.jpg, createdBy=3a345397082, createdName=Jessica, createdTime=Fri Sep 25 18:15:11 CST 2020, time=2020-09-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-09-25 Jessica

    #二甲双胍#通过抑制肝脏葡萄糖的产生从而减少肝脏释放到血液中的葡萄糖量,并使人体细胞更好地响应血糖水平。

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