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EASD 2014:我们需要基于GLP的治疗吗?

2014-09-24 记者 张永燊 发自奥地利维也纳 医学论坛网

  当地时间9月18日,在EASD 2014的欧洲糖尿病研究学会/美国糖尿病学会(EASD/ADA)联合专场,欧美学者就 “基于肠促胰素的治疗”这一主题进行了精彩演讲。在胰高血糖素样肽-1(GLP-1)受体激动剂和二肽基肽酶-4(DPP-4)抑制剂应用日益广泛之际,美国麻省总医院纳森(David Nathan)教授却提出了与主流观点“背道而驰”的见解。

 

当地时间9月18日,在EASD 2014的欧洲糖尿病研究学会/美国糖尿病学会(EASD/ADA)联合专场,欧美学者就 “基于肠促胰素的治疗”这一主题进行了精彩演讲。在胰高血糖素样肽-1(GLP-1)受体激动剂和二肽基肽酶-4(DPP-4)抑制剂应用日益广泛之际,美国麻省总医院纳森(David Nathan)教授却提出了与主流观点“背道而驰”的见解。


“在全球2型糖尿病大流行的今天,问我们是否需要基于GLP的治疗这一问题,就好比问我们在雨天是否需要打伞。不用这些治疗我们肯定不会死,但是有可能会被‘淋湿’”。

                                                                ——David Nathan

有效性 Nathan教授指出,根据UKPDS、KUMAMOTO、ACCORD和ADVANCE等研究的结果,糖尿病治疗的理论基础在于降低糖尿病并发症发生率和死亡率;根据UKPDS研究的结果,大多数成年糖尿病患者的治疗目标是糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)水平<7%。从1922年到1995年以前的73年时间里,用于治疗2型糖尿病的药物只有胰岛素、磺脲类和双胍类3种,而从1995年到2013年短短18年间,包括GLP-1受体激动剂和DPP-4抑制剂在内的众多降糖药面世。尽管如此,强化降糖治疗对微血管转归有益主要是在关于胰岛素、二甲双胍和磺脲类的研究中被证明的,目前还没有关于GLP-1受体激动剂或DPP-4抑制剂的微血管转归研究。与此同时,在美国糖尿病带来的相关社会负担逐年加重,面对众多降糖药,我们应该如何选择?遗憾的是,目前缺乏比较药物有效性的研究,这使得医生在给患者用药时面临困难,个体化治疗的目标遥不可及。

降糖有效性和其他可能益处 荟萃分析显示,GLP-1受体激动剂和DPP-4抑制剂降HbA1c的范围分别为1.1%~1.6%和0.6%~1.1%,但前者可使体重下降,后者基本无降体重效应。无论单药治疗还是与其他降糖药联合治疗,GLP-1受体激动剂和DPP-4抑制剂降HbA1c的效果并没有明显优于二甲双胍、磺脲类和胰岛素等“老”降糖药。

动物研究显示,GLP-1受体激动剂可逆转大鼠长期抗精神治疗相关的行为抑郁和代谢异常、在动物模型中可增加β细胞的数量,但是还没有令人信服的人类数据。GLP-1受体激动剂和DPP-4激动剂有无心血管益处一直是人们关注的焦点,然而目前尚无有说服力的数据。

安全性 有研究显示,GLP-1受体激动剂可能与胰腺炎或胰腺癌发生风险升高相关。两者之间的相关性尚无定论,但是美国食品与药物管理局(FDA)对此已密切关注。此外,DPP-4的泌尿生殖系不良效应较明显。

Nathan教授总结道,用于治疗2型糖尿病时,基于GLP的治疗的有点在于低血糖发生率低、对体重无影响或中度降体重、不会导致心血管不良事件,对其不利之处则在于将HbA1c的效果与其他降糖药相比不具优势、没有长期数据、费用昂贵、与胰腺炎及胰腺癌发生风险的相关性令人担心。因此,在权衡其将HbA1c的效果和费用、安全性等因素后,对该问题的答案不是“我们是否需要基于GLP的治疗”,而是“何时使用和哪些患者应该使用?”

 

记者在现场采访了Nathan教授。

《论坛报》:在您提到的阻碍使用基于GLP的治疗的因素中,包括有效性、安全性和费用等,您最关心哪个因素?

Nathan教授:作为临床医师,我肯定首先考虑安全性因素,其次考虑降糖有效性,因为这是我们治疗糖尿病的主要原因。当然,其他因素也很重要。

《论坛报》:2013年美国临床内分泌医师学会(AACE)发布的糖尿病综合管理流程推荐DPP-4抑制剂作为一线治疗的备选药物,对此您怎么看?

Nathan教授:就我个人而言,我不会选择DPP-4作为一线备选药物,除非患者HbA1c水平相对较低(一般<8%,此时该类药物才有可能使血糖达标)。在这种情况下,DPP-4抑制剂的优势(与磺脲类或α-糖苷酶抑制剂相比)有:不增加体重、不导致低血糖、不需要或基本不需要滴定浓度。此外,DPP-4抑制剂的费用比其他药物贵得多,且上市时间较短,而磺脲类或α-糖苷酶抑制剂已有多年应用经验,费用也便宜得多。


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    2015-06-05 ljjj1053

    好好学习学习

    0

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    2015-04-11 x35042875

    控制好糖尿病可能提高肝硬化患者的预后。

    0

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    2015-04-11 x35042875

    控制好糖尿病可能提高肝硬化患者的预后。

    0

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    2015-03-02 fantasticer

    考虑DPP4抑制剂对肝脏负担较小,对一些肝损的患者还得优先考虑吧

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=26084, encodeId=4fbe260846c, content=好好学习学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=169, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=ac181616815, createdName=ljjj1053, createdTime=Fri Jun 05 16:27:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=20574, encodeId=d05d205e424, content=控制好糖尿病可能提高肝硬化患者的预后。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=121, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20150920/IMG55FDE671A89482379.jpg, createdBy=cef3108336, createdName=x35042875, createdTime=Sat Apr 11 23:12:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=20573, encodeId=651b205e3d8, content=控制好糖尿病可能提高肝硬化患者的预后。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=149, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20150920/IMG55FDE671A89482379.jpg, createdBy=cef3108336, createdName=x35042875, createdTime=Sat Apr 11 23:11:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=17358, encodeId=38341e3587b, content=考虑DPP4抑制剂对肝脏负担较小,对一些肝损的患者还得优先考虑吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=113, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160714/IMG5786F4E4B293A5717.jpg, createdBy=92b21616283, createdName=fantasticer, createdTime=Mon Mar 02 10:17:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1690588, encodeId=d0c4169058884, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5c472843a1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ASD#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2843, encryptionId=5c472843a1, topicName=ASD)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=4e8529069357, createdName=okhuali, createdTime=Mon Jan 26 03:35:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1534082, encodeId=078c153408273, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=576e643634' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#EASD#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6436, encryptionId=576e643634, topicName=EASD)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=21f812527653, createdName=qilu_qi, createdTime=Fri Sep 26 01:35:00 CST 2014, time=2014-09-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=11847, encodeId=aa2c1184ec4, content=新上市药物价格又高,经济性就不过关, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=148, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9fae110737, createdName=WeggyLiu, createdTime=Thu Sep 25 09:09:00 CST 2014, time=2014-09-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-01-26 okhuali
  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=26084, encodeId=4fbe260846c, content=好好学习学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=169, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=ac181616815, createdName=ljjj1053, createdTime=Fri Jun 05 16:27:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=20574, encodeId=d05d205e424, content=控制好糖尿病可能提高肝硬化患者的预后。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=121, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20150920/IMG55FDE671A89482379.jpg, createdBy=cef3108336, createdName=x35042875, createdTime=Sat Apr 11 23:12:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=20573, encodeId=651b205e3d8, content=控制好糖尿病可能提高肝硬化患者的预后。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=149, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20150920/IMG55FDE671A89482379.jpg, createdBy=cef3108336, createdName=x35042875, createdTime=Sat Apr 11 23:11:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=17358, encodeId=38341e3587b, content=考虑DPP4抑制剂对肝脏负担较小,对一些肝损的患者还得优先考虑吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=113, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160714/IMG5786F4E4B293A5717.jpg, createdBy=92b21616283, createdName=fantasticer, createdTime=Mon Mar 02 10:17:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1690588, encodeId=d0c4169058884, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5c472843a1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ASD#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2843, encryptionId=5c472843a1, topicName=ASD)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=4e8529069357, createdName=okhuali, createdTime=Mon Jan 26 03:35:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1534082, encodeId=078c153408273, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=576e643634' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#EASD#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6436, encryptionId=576e643634, topicName=EASD)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=21f812527653, createdName=qilu_qi, createdTime=Fri Sep 26 01:35:00 CST 2014, time=2014-09-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=11847, encodeId=aa2c1184ec4, content=新上市药物价格又高,经济性就不过关, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=148, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9fae110737, createdName=WeggyLiu, createdTime=Thu Sep 25 09:09:00 CST 2014, time=2014-09-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2014-09-26 qilu_qi
  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=26084, encodeId=4fbe260846c, content=好好学习学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=169, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=ac181616815, createdName=ljjj1053, createdTime=Fri Jun 05 16:27:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=20574, encodeId=d05d205e424, content=控制好糖尿病可能提高肝硬化患者的预后。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=121, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20150920/IMG55FDE671A89482379.jpg, createdBy=cef3108336, createdName=x35042875, createdTime=Sat Apr 11 23:12:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=20573, encodeId=651b205e3d8, content=控制好糖尿病可能提高肝硬化患者的预后。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=149, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20150920/IMG55FDE671A89482379.jpg, createdBy=cef3108336, createdName=x35042875, createdTime=Sat Apr 11 23:11:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=17358, encodeId=38341e3587b, content=考虑DPP4抑制剂对肝脏负担较小,对一些肝损的患者还得优先考虑吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=113, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160714/IMG5786F4E4B293A5717.jpg, createdBy=92b21616283, createdName=fantasticer, createdTime=Mon Mar 02 10:17:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1690588, encodeId=d0c4169058884, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5c472843a1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ASD#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2843, encryptionId=5c472843a1, topicName=ASD)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=4e8529069357, createdName=okhuali, createdTime=Mon Jan 26 03:35:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1534082, encodeId=078c153408273, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=576e643634' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#EASD#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6436, encryptionId=576e643634, topicName=EASD)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=21f812527653, createdName=qilu_qi, createdTime=Fri Sep 26 01:35:00 CST 2014, time=2014-09-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=11847, encodeId=aa2c1184ec4, content=新上市药物价格又高,经济性就不过关, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=148, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9fae110737, createdName=WeggyLiu, createdTime=Thu Sep 25 09:09:00 CST 2014, time=2014-09-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2014-09-25 WeggyLiu

    新上市药物价格又高,经济性就不过关

    0

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