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Cell Host Microbe:口腔核梭杆菌或可诱发结直肠癌

2013-09-06 佚名 生物无忧

来自美国凯斯西储大学牙科学院的研究人员发现,一种常见的口腔细菌能够引发结肠直肠癌。这一发现为找到方法来预防和治疗这种癌症提供了一个新的研究方向。 牙科学院的牙周病学教授Yiping Han是这项研究的主要调查者,她说:“我们发现,结肠直肠癌的发生与细菌的感染有关。这一发现为治疗和预防这种癌症提供了潜在的新诊断工具和治疗方法。” 这项研究的结果被发表在Cell Host & Microb

来自美国凯斯西储大学牙科学院的研究人员发现,一种常见的口腔细菌能够引发结肠直肠癌。这一发现为找到方法来预防和治疗这种癌症提供了一个新的研究方向。

牙科学院的牙周病学教授Yiping Han是这项研究的主要调查者,她说:“我们发现,结肠直肠癌的发生与细菌的感染有关。这一发现为治疗和预防这种癌症提供了潜在的新诊断工具和治疗方法。”

这项研究的结果被发表在Cell Host & Microbe上。该结果与其他调查小组的另一个研究结果共同阐明了:细菌如何加速了癌变细胞的积累。

同时,研究人员还找到了预防这种微生物的方法。这种细菌名为具核梭杆菌(Fusobacterium nucleatum, Fn),可以粘附在结肠癌细胞上,潜在的触发一连串变化来引发癌症。

这些发现从2011年开始起步。在2011年,Han和她的研究小组确定了位于Fn表面的一个名为FadA的粘附分子,它可以结合VE-钙粘蛋白。VE-钙粘蛋白(VE-cadherin)是钙粘蛋白家族的一个成员,是位于血管上的一个细胞受体。

当Han完成了关于FadA和VE-cadherin的研究工作时,来自哈佛大学和哥伦比亚大学的研究者们也发现了恶性肿瘤表面存在着比正常组织表面更多的Fn. Han说,当了解到这些结果时,她立刻怀疑Fn或许能像在血管中一样在结肠中发挥作用——与结肠里的细胞相互作用。因此,之后她便将实验室的研究重心转向了结肠直肠癌。

因为她的实验室能够追踪Fn结合血管上VE-cadherin受体的能力,因此发现FadA与结肠细胞中VE-cadherin受体的结合过程并没有花费太长时间。

他们发现,FadA与VE-cadherin的结合启动了一个名为 -连环蛋白( -catenin)的蛋白质。 -catenin有很多功能,在这里它对癌症的发生有两个贡献:一是促发炎症反应改变了免疫系统,另一个则是刺激了癌细胞的生长。

Han实验室设计了一个新的合成肽来抑制FadA与E-cadherin的结合,进而抑制了促发癌症的其它过程。

他们还发现,在癌前、恶性的结肠息肉中,FadA基因的水平是正常组织的10-100倍。

因此,Han说:“FadA能够成为一个诊断标志物,用于结肠直肠癌的早期检测。它还可以检测治疗是否有效的减少了肠道和口腔中的Fn.”

此研究相关工作的专利申请已经提交。

Han强调,这些结果告诉我们注重口腔健康的重要性。在牙龈疾病发生时,Fn这种危险细菌会大大增加。

原文阅读

Rubinstein MR, Wang X, Liu W, Hao Y, Cai G, Han YW.Fusobacterium nucleatum Promotes Colorectal Carcinogenesis by Modulating E-Cadherin/β-Catenin Signaling via its FadA Adhesin.Cell Host Microbe. 2013 Aug 14;14(2):195-206.

 

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    2014-05-10 维他命
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    2013-11-28 xjy02
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    2014-06-27 bioon1
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