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美国癌症协会发布39条防癌生活指南

2015-03-26 佚名 医学论坛网

1饮酒会增加患癌风险吗? 是的,饮酒会增加人们患口腔癌、咽癌、喉癌、食管癌、肝癌、乳腺癌、结肠癌和直肠癌的风险。饮酒人士应该限制酒的摄入量,男士每天饮酒不宜超过2酒精单位,女士不超过1酒精单位。1酒精单位相当于360ml(1美制液体盎司≈30毫升)、150ml的葡萄酒、或者45ml 40度烈性酒。对某些癌症而言,同时饮酒并吸烟所增加的患癌风险远高于只饮酒或只吸烟的风险。规律的饮酒,即便每周的

1饮酒会增加患癌风险吗?

是的,饮酒会增加人们患口腔癌、咽癌、喉癌、食管癌、肝癌、乳腺癌结肠癌和直肠癌的风险。饮酒人士应该限制酒的摄入量,男士每天饮酒不宜超过2酒精单位,女士不超过1酒精单位。1酒精单位相当于360ml(1美制液体盎司≈30毫升)、150ml的葡萄酒、或者45ml 40度烈性酒。对某些癌症而言,同时饮酒并吸烟所增加的患癌风险远高于只饮酒或只吸烟的风险。规律的饮酒,即便每周的饮酒量很少,也可增加女性患乳腺癌的风险。乳腺癌高危女性群体可以考虑戒酒。

2什么是抗氧化剂(物质)?它们与癌症有什么关系?

抗氧化剂(物质)可以是食物中的某些化合物,也可由人体自身合成。人体利用抗氧化剂(物质)来保护自身组织,免受正常代谢(氧化)所导致的持续性损害。由于这种损害可增加癌症风险,所以某些抗氧化剂可能会有助于预防癌症。抗氧化剂(物质)包括维生素C、维生素E、类胡萝卜素(比如β-胡萝卜素和维生素A)和其他植物化学物质。研究显示,多食用富含抗氧化剂(物质)的蔬菜和水果可能会降低人们患某些癌症的风险。但是,这一结果并不一定是抗氧化剂(物质)的作用,因为这些食物中还含有很多其他物质。

多项研究发现,补充抗氧化剂(物质)并不能降低患癌风险。事实上,有研究发现,服用补充剂(物质)的人群患癌风险更高。(参见以下条目:β胡萝卜素、番茄红素、维生素E、补充剂)。对于减少患癌风险,目前最佳的建议是通过食物而不是补充剂来获取抗氧化物质。

3β-胡萝卜素能降低患癌风险吗?

β胡萝卜素属于类胡萝卜素,后者是一组抗氧化剂,可让植物(包括蔬菜和水果)的某些部分呈现深桔黄色。在人体内,β胡萝卜素被转化为维生素A,而有观点认为维生素A有助于预防癌症。因为食用蔬菜和水果可降低患癌风险,所以通过服用高剂量的β胡萝卜素补充剂来降低癌症风险的观点似乎是有道理的。但是,几项大型研究结果表明事实并非如此。其中两项研究让吸烟的受试人群服用高剂量的β究胡萝卜素补充剂来预防肺癌和其他癌症,结果显示服用这些补充剂反而增加了他们患肺癌的风险。另一项研究则发现服用β胡萝卜素补充剂既无好处也无害处。虽然食用含β胡萝卜素的蔬菜和水果可能帮助预防癌症,但是人们应该避免服用含大量β胡萝卜素的补充剂,尤其是吸烟者。

4钙与癌症有关吗?

许多研究表明,高钙食物可能有助于降低结直肠癌风险,钙补充剂也能适当地减少结直肠息肉的复发。但是,摄入过多的钙(钙补充剂来源或食物来源)可增加人们患前列腺癌的风险。

因此,男性应主要通过食物来摄入推荐剂量而非过量的钙质。女性不会患前列腺癌,但易患骨质疏松,所以也应通过食物来获取推荐剂量的钙。钙的推荐摄入量是19-50岁人群每天1000毫克,50岁以上人群每天1200毫克。乳制品和某些绿叶蔬菜是钙的优质来源。主要通过乳制品获取钙的人群应该选用低脂或脱脂乳制品,以减少对饱和脂肪的摄入量。

5喝咖啡会致癌吗?

不会。咖啡和胰腺癌间是否存在联系?这个问题曾得到很多人的关注,但是最近的研究并未证实两者存在联系。目前尚没有证据证明咖啡或咖啡因会增加癌症风险。

6膳食补充剂能降低癌症风险吗?

不能,至少根据目前的了解,答案是否定的。虽然富含蔬菜、水果和其他植物性食物的饮食可以降低癌症风险,但是膳食补充剂能够降低癌症风险的结论尚未得到证实。钙补充剂可能是个例外,因其可以降低结直肠癌风险(参看上述有关钙的介绍)。实际上,一些高剂量的补充剂反而会增加癌症风险。

对于存在特俗情况的人们,适量的膳食补充剂是有益的,例如孕妇、育龄女性和需要限制饮食摄入的人群。如果人们选择服用膳食补充剂,他们最好选用多种维生素/矿物质平衡的补充剂,并且其中大多数营养素的含量不应超过人体的每日需求量。

7能否营养补充剂中获取与蔬菜和水果同等的营养价值?

不能。蔬菜和水果中含有许多有益健康的化合物,这些化合物很可能需要一起摄入才能发挥有益作用。此外,天然食物中可能还有一些目前尚不为人知的重要化合物,膳食补充剂中不会含有这些化合物。某些膳食补充剂被描述为与蔬菜和水果拥有同等的营养价值,但是他们的营养含量或种类只占天然食物中的很小部分。因此,食物才是维生素和矿物质的最佳来源。

8少吃脂肪会降低癌症风险吗?

一些研究发现,在饮食习惯中含有高脂肪食物的国家,其国民患乳腺癌、前列腺癌、结肠癌和其他癌症的风险更高。但是,更深入的研究并未得出脂肪摄入会增加癌症风险,或者减少脂肪摄入会降低癌症风险的结论。目前尚没有充足的证据证明个人摄入脂肪的总量会影响患癌风险。

9什么是膳食纤维?膳食纤维能降低癌症风险吗?

膳食纤维是指多种人体不能消化的植物性碳水化合物。干燥豆类、蔬菜、全谷类和水果是膳食纤维的优质来源。膳食纤维可进一步分为“可溶的”(比如燕麦麸、豌豆、豆类和洋车前子纤维),和“不可溶的”(比如小麦麸、水果皮、坚果、种子和纤维素)。

最新研究表明,膳食纤维可降低某些癌症的风险,尤其是结直肠癌。但是目前尚不清楚这一作用是由膳食纤维还是高纤维食物中的其他成分产生的。因此,ACS建议人们食用全谷类、蔬菜和水果等高纤维食物来帮助降低癌症风险,但并未明确建议服用膳食纤维补充剂。

10吃鱼能预防癌症吗?

鱼肉富含ω-3脂肪酸。一些动物实验发现ω-3脂肪酸可以阻止癌症的形成或减慢癌细胞的生长,但是尚不清楚这些脂肪酸是否会降低人类的癌症风险。

食用富含ω-3脂肪酸的鱼类可降低心脏病的风险,但是有些鱼类(比如剑鱼、金枪鱼、方头鱼、鲨鱼和大耳马鲛)可能含有较高含量的汞、多氯联苯(PCBs)、二恶英及其他有害物质。一些研究还发现,人工养殖的鱼类比野生鱼类含有更多的有害物质。孕妇、计划怀孕或正在哺乳的女性以及幼儿不应食用这些鱼类,并且每周食用的长鳍金枪鱼不应超过170g,每周食用的罐装淡金枪鱼不应超过340g。人们应该食用不同种类的鱼类以降低摄入毒素的可能性。

11什么是叶酸?叶酸能降低癌症风险吗?

叶酸是一种天然的B族维生素,很多蔬菜、豆类、水果、全谷类和强化早餐谷类食品中都含有叶酸。20世纪90年代开展的研究表明,缺乏叶酸可能会增加人们患结直肠癌和乳腺癌的风险,对饮酒人群来说尤其如此。然而,自1998年以来,美国的强化谷物制品中都添加了人工叶酸,所以大多数人都能从饮食中摄入足够叶酸。

一些研究表明,叶酸补充剂会增加人们患前列腺癌、高级别结直肠息肉和乳腺癌的风险,并且大多数人都能从饮食中摄入足够的叶酸。有鉴于此,摄入叶酸的最佳途径就是食用蔬菜、水果和强化谷物制品或全谷物制品。

12大蒜能降低癌症风险吗?

大蒜和其他葱属植物中含有的葱属植物化合物对健康有益的说法广为流传。针对大蒜能否降低癌症风险的研究正在进行,一些研究表明大蒜可以降低结直肠癌的风险。大蒜和其他葱属植物可以被列入到能够降低癌症风险的推荐蔬菜目录当中。

目前尚没有充足证据证明葱属植物化合物补充剂能降低癌症风险。

13什么是转基因食品?它们安全吗?

转基因食品或者生物工程食品以转基因农作物为原材料,后者在播种前就添加其他植物或生物体的基因,其目的是增强农作物的抗虫性、减缓腐坏、改善口味、增加营养成分或得到其他特性。近年来,基因工程越来越多地被用于生产某些食品。例如,美国种植的大部分大豆和玉米都使用了转基因技术,从而让这些农作物能够抗除草剂,此外,转基因玉米还能产生一种天然杀虫剂。

转基因技术的安全性引起了人们的关注。理论上来讲,添加的基因可能会产生一些引起过敏的物质,也可能增加有损健康化合物的含量。而另一方面,转基因技术也可被用于改善公共健康。例如,通过转基因技术增加各种农作物的叶酸含量。

目前尚没有证据证明市售的转基因食品有损人体健康,也没有证据证明这些添加的基因会增加或降低癌症风险。但是,缺乏证据并不意味着证明了其安全性。由于人们使用转基因食品的时间还相当短,所以目前尚不知道长期食用转基因食品可能对健康产生的影响。持续评估转基因食品的安全性十分重要,从而确保其真正的安全性,并增加人们使用转基因食品的信心。

美国批准出售的转基因食品包括多种胡萝卜、玉米、西红柿和大豆。美国国家环境保护局(EPA)、美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)和美国农业部(USDA)共同对转基因食品进行监督。

14辐照食品会致癌吗?

没有证据证明辐照食品会致癌或者有损人体健康。辐照技术越来越多地被用来杀死食物中的有害细菌,以延长它们的保质期。辐照处理后,辐射不会停留在食物内,食用辐照食品好像也不会增加癌症风险。

15应避免食用加工肉类吗?

一些研究发现,大量食用加工肉类可以增加人们患结直肠癌和胃癌的风险,其中部分原因可能是亚硝酸盐。为了保持色泽和阻止细菌生长,许多午餐肉、火腿和热狗中均添加了亚硝酸盐。食用加工肉类和烟熏或盐腌肉类可增加人们对潜在致癌因子的摄入量,因此人们应尽可能减少食用这些肉类。

16烹饪肉类如何影响癌症风险?

充分烹饪能杀死肉里的有害细菌,但是一些研究表明,高温煎、烤、炸肉类所产生的化学物质(多环芳烃或杂环芳香胺)可能会增加癌症风险。这些化学物质可破坏DNA并致使动物患癌。一些研究也发现,大量食肉的人群有更高的结直肠癌风险,但仍不清楚高温烹饪产生的化学物质(相比于肉中的其他物质)在其中起了多大作用。文火炖、蒸、低温煮和微波炉加热肉类等烹饪方法产生的这类化学物质较少。

17非营养性甜味剂或糖替代品会致癌吗?

没有证据证明人类饮食水平的甜味剂会致癌。FDA批准使用的少数几种非营养性甜味剂包括阿斯巴甜、糖精和三氯蔗糖。现有研究也没能证实这些化合物与癌症风险之间的联系。一些动物研究表明,使用这些甜味剂可能与更高的膀胱癌和脑部肿瘤风险有关,还可能与更高的白血病和淋巴瘤风险有关,但是人群研究显示,使用这些甜味剂并没有增加人们患癌症的风险。值得注意的是,患有苯丙酮尿症这一遗传性疾病的人群应该在其饮食中避免使用阿斯巴甜。

新型糖替代品包括甜味剂如糖醇(山梨醇、木糖醇和甘露醇)和从天然植物中提取的甜味剂(甜叶菊和龙舌兰糖浆)。对于所有这些甜味剂,适量使用似乎都是安全的,但某些人群如果大量使用糖醇则有可能出现腹胀和胃部不适。

18肥胖会增加癌症风险吗?

会。超重或肥胖与人们更高的乳腺癌(绝经后女性)、结直肠癌、子宫内膜癌、食道癌、肾癌、胰腺癌、胆囊癌(可能)患癌风险有关。肥胖也可能与人们更高的肝癌、宫颈癌、卵巢癌以及非霍奇金淋巴瘤、多发性骨髓瘤和侵袭性前列腺癌的患癌风险有关。

虽然对减肥是否会降低癌症风险的研究有限,但是一些研究表明,减肥会降低绝经后女性患乳腺癌和其他癌症的风险。减肥具有的其他健康益处已得以证实,所以人们都鼓励超重人群减肥并保持健康体重。成年人避免过度的体重增加也是十分重要的,因为这不仅可能会降低患癌风险,还可能会降低他们患其他慢性疾病的风险。

19橄榄油会影响癌症风险吗?

食用橄榄油与人们更低的心脏病风险有关,但是就其对癌症风险的影响来说,最可能的情况是不好不坏。虽然橄榄油富含单不饱和脂肪并可作为黄油和人造黄油的健康替代品,但它仍然是一个巨大的热量来源,可极大地增加人们从饮食中获得的热量。

20贴上“有机”标签的食品能更有效地降低癌症风险吗?

“有机”一词被广泛用于描述没有添加人工化学品的植物食品以及没有用激素和抗生素饲养的动物食品。对于植物性有机食品来说,其原材料的耕种既没有使用常规杀虫剂或除草剂,也没有使用化肥或污水污泥作为肥料,更没有经过食品辐照加工。转基因食品不能被称为有机食品。

生产有机食品的目的其实是为了促进可持续农业生产,但是人们普遍认为有机食品可能会有益健康。同时,也有人在争论有机农产品的营养水平是否高于常规种植农产品的营养水平。但是,目前尚没有证据表明有机食品能更有效地降低癌症风险,或者提供其他耕作方法种出的类似食物所没有的健康益处。

21食品中的杀虫剂和除草剂会致癌吗?

若杀虫剂和除草剂在工业、农业或其他工作场所使用不当,它们是有毒的。虽然蔬菜和水果中有时会含有少量的杀虫剂和除草剂,但绝大多数科学证据表明,总体来说,吃蔬菜和水果有益健康且能预防癌症。目前尚没有证据表明食品中残留的低剂量杀虫剂和除草剂会增加癌症风险。

不过,水果和蔬菜在食用前应彻底洗净,一方面减少人们对这些化合物的摄入量,一方面降低细菌引起的健康风险。

22增加体育活动会降低癌症风险吗?

会。对于进行适量或大量体育运动的人群来说,患某些癌症如乳腺癌、结肠癌、子宫内膜癌和晚期前列腺癌的风险会更低。不管体育运动是否影响了体重,运动本身都降低某些癌症的患癌风险。

目前,有关体育运动对其他癌症风险的直接影响的数据更加有限,但即便如此,体育运动仍是人们达到和保持健康体重的一个关键因素,并且超重或肥胖与多种癌症有关。体育运动还有助于降低人们患心脏病、糖尿病和其他疾病的风险。

23植物化学物是什么?它们能降低癌症风险吗?

“植物化学物”指的是由植物产生的多种化合物。其中有些化合物可保护植物免受昆虫损害或拥有其他重要功能。有些化合物则有抗氧化作用或者类似激素的作用,不管是对于植物自身还是食用这些植物的人群而言。因为食用蔬菜和水果与癌症风险降低有关,所以研究人员正在寻找产生有益作用的特定化合物。但是,目前尚没有证据表明,以补充剂的形式摄入植物化学物对人体长期健康有类似于蔬菜、水果、豆类和谷物的作用。

植物化学物包括类黄酮(见于大豆、鹰嘴豆和茶)、类胡萝卜素(见于冬南瓜、香瓜和胡萝卜)、花青素(见于茄子和红球甘蓝)和硫化物(见于大蒜和洋葱)。

24高盐饮食会增加癌症风险吗?

有足够的证据表明,食用大量腌泡食品可增加人们患胃癌、鼻咽癌和喉癌的风险。腌泡食品通常不是美国大多数人饮食的主要内容,但是减少腌泡食品的摄入量可能会有助于降低人们患某些癌症的风险。

几乎没有证据表明,在美国,烹饪用盐量或调味食物的用盐量或食品加工过程中盐的添加量会对癌症风险产生影响。但是高盐饮食会增加人们患高血压和心脏病的风险却是众所周知的事实,因此《2010年美国膳食指南》和美国心脏协会的膳食指南均建议人们限制食盐的摄入量。

25硒是什么?硒能降低癌症风险吗?

硒是一种矿物质,对人体的抗氧化防御机制有帮助。动物研究已表明硒可能会预防癌症。一项研究表明硒补充剂可能会降低人们患肺癌、结肠癌和前列腺癌的风险。但是,一项大型临床试验并未发现硒补充剂能降低前列腺癌风险,所以总体上说,目前尚无足够的证据证明硒补充剂可降低癌症风险。

因此,不建议人们服用硒补充剂,同时,人们还应避免服用高剂量硒补充剂,因为硒补充剂的安全剂量和中毒剂量之间相差极少。服用硒补充剂的最高剂量不应超过200微克每天。

26大豆制品能降低癌症风险吗?

和其他豆科植物一样,大豆及大豆制品是蛋白质的优质来源以及肉类的有益替代品。大豆含有多种植物化学物质,其中包括异黄酮。大豆中的植物化学物质具有微弱的雌激素样活性,并可能有助于预防激素依赖性癌症。有越来越多的证据表明食用传统大豆制品比如豆腐可能会降低人们患乳腺癌、前列腺癌或子宫内膜癌的风险。也有一些证据表明食用传统大豆制品可能还会降低人们患某些其他癌症的风险。目前尚不清楚该结论是否适用于含有大豆分离蛋白或组织化大豆蛋白的食品。

几乎没有数据证实服用分离的大豆植物化学物质补充剂会降低癌症风险。

27糖会增加癌症风险吗?

糖在增加热量摄入的同时并不会提供降低癌症风险的任何营养素。高糖摄入量可能会通过促进肥胖而间接增加癌症风险。白糖(精制糖)和红糖(粗制糖)及蜂蜜在其对体重或胰岛素水平的影响方面并无不同。限制食用蛋糕、糖果和加糖谷类食品以及限制饮用汽水和运动饮料等含糖饮料可帮助人们减少热量摄入。

28喝茶(红茶或绿茶)能降低癌症风险吗?

茶是一种饮料,茶树的叶子、嫩芽或细枝均可泡制成茶。红茶、绿茶、白茶、普洱茶和其他各种类型的茶均来自于同一棵茶树,但是它们反映了不同的加工方式。

一些研究人员提出,茶之所以会预防癌症是因为茶含有抗氧化剂、多元酚和类黄酮。动物研究已证明有些茶(包括绿茶)可降低癌症风险,但是人类研究发现的结果喜忧参半。虽然实验室研究结果一直令人满意,而且喝茶也是许多美食的一部分,但是目前的证据尚不能证明喝茶是降低癌症风险的主要原因。

29反式脂肪会增加癌症风险吗?

反式脂肪来自于经氢化被制成人造黄油或酥油的植物油,人造黄油或酥油在室温下呈固态。反式脂肪会提高血液中的胆固醇含量和增加心脏病风险。但是,目前尚未确定反式脂肪与癌症风险的联系。

尽管如此,鉴于反式脂肪对心脏病风险的影响,《2010年美国膳食指南》和美国心脏协会的膳食指南建议人们限制或避免食用反式脂肪。

30姜黄和其他香辛料会降低癌症风险吗?

研究人员目前正在研究姜黄是否会影响肿瘤生长,同时他们也正在研究其他香辛料如辣椒素(红辣椒)、小茴香和咖喱可能具有的抗癌作用。但是,目前尚缺乏研究香辛料对癌症等疾病的长期影响的研究。

31吃蔬菜和水果会降低癌症风险吗?

会。近来,随着越来越多的研究发现吃蔬菜和水果并无降低癌症风险的作用或者作用微弱,证明吃蔬菜和水果能降低癌症风险的证据力度也减弱了,但是综合已有的全部证据表明,吃蔬菜和水果会在某种程度上降低人们患癌症包括肺癌、口腔癌、喉(咽)癌、喉头癌、食道癌、胃癌、结肠癌和直肠癌的风险。

可降低具体某种癌症风险的蔬菜和水果的种类可能有所不同。目前尚不知道蔬菜和水果中含有的哪些化合物最有可能预防癌症,并且,能降低癌症风险的不同植物化学物质可能来源于不同的蔬菜和水果。

最新研究表明吃较多蔬菜和水果可能还会有助于降低人们肥胖的风险,所以吃较多蔬菜和水果很可能会间接影响癌症风险。最佳建议是每天吃各种各样的蔬菜和水果,至少600毫升。

32新鲜、冷冻和罐装的蔬菜和水果的营养价值有区别吗?

有,但它们都是不错的选择。新鲜食品通常被认为拥有最高的营养价值(通常也拥有最好的味道)。但是,冷冻食品实际上比新鲜食品更有营养,因为冷冻食品通常是在成熟时采摘并被迅速冷冻起来,而新鲜食品可能会因为收获与食用存在时间间隔而失去一些营养。

由于罐装食品加工必须使用高温,所以罐装食品更有可能减少热敏性营养素和水溶性营养素。请注意,有些水果罐头中配有浓糖浆,有些罐装蔬菜中钠(盐)含量很高,因此请选择多种形式的蔬菜和水果。

33烹饪会影响蔬菜的营养价值吗?

煮菜特别是长时间煮菜会消除蔬菜里的水溶性维生素。由于蔬菜含有的一些潜在有益的植物化学物质是脂溶性的,所以油炒蔬菜可能会提高这些植物化学物质的可用性。烹饪通常可能会分解植物细胞壁,使其含有的营养成分和其他植物化学物质更容易被吸收。

用微波炉和蒸汽烹饪蔬菜是保留蔬菜营养成分的最佳方法。吃生鲜蔬菜如沙拉也会保留蔬菜的营养成分。所以,除了建议人们吃各种各样的蔬菜之外,采用不同的蔬菜烹饪方法也会提高许多营养素和植物化学物质的可用性。

34应该把蔬菜和水果榨汁饮用吗?

榨汁不仅可以增加饮食多样性,还是一种让人们摄入蔬菜和水果的好方法,对于咀嚼或吞咽困难的人群来说更是如此。榨汁也有助于人体吸收蔬菜和水果中的营养。但是,果蔬汁含有的纤维较少,相比完整的蔬菜和水果来说,喝果蔬汁不太容易填饱肚子。但果汁比较特殊,如果一个人喝了很多果汁,同样也能获得不少热量。从商业上来讲,榨汁产品应该是100%的果蔬汁,同时也应该经过巴氏消毒以杀死其中的有害细菌。

35素食可以降低癌症风险吗?

素食可以包括许多有益健康的特色。素食往往是饱和脂肪的含量低,高纤维、维生素和植物化学物质的含量高,同时还不包括食用红色肉类和加工肉类。因此,素食可能有助于降低癌症风险的假设是合理的。

相比减少传统西方饮食习惯中动物食品的含量所形成的饮食结构而言,目前不清楚完全的素食是否会更有益于预防癌症。

严格的素食应该避免所有的动物产品,包括牛奶和鸡蛋,这种素食也被称为纯素食,可有益于人们补充维生素B12、锌和铁,对儿童和绝经前的女性来说尤为如此。纯素食还应该包括足够的钙,因为事实证明,坚持含钙量非常低的纯素食者比坚持素食或含肉饮食的人群具有更高的骨折风险。

36维生素A会降低癌症风险吗?

有两种方法可从食物中获取维生素A:第一,可从动物性食品来源中获取维生素A,第二,维生素A可在人体内由来源于植物性食品的β胡萝卜素或其他类胡萝卜素生成。人们需要维生素A来维持人体组织的健康。
维生素A补充剂尚未被证明能降低癌症风险,而且服用高剂量维生素A补充剂实际上反而可能会增加吸烟者和戒烟者患肺癌的风险。

37维生素C会降低癌症风险吗?

维生素C常见于多种蔬菜和水果,尤其是桔子、葡萄柚和辣椒。许多研究认为摄入富含维生素C的食物与较低的癌症风险有关。但是对服用维生素C补充剂进行的少数几项研究并未证明服用维生素C补充剂可降低癌症风险。

38维生素D会降低癌症风险吗?

越来越多的大规模的研究证据表明,维生素D可能有助于预防结直肠癌,但目前得到的证据无法证明维生素D与其他癌症的联系。大量的研究正在进行,但是几年内很难得到研究结果。

最近,美国医学研究所基于骨骼健康所需的维生素D水平提出了每日维生素D摄入量的最新建议,大多数成年人的每日维生素D摄入量从400国际单位增加至600国际单位,70岁及以上人群的每日维生素D摄入量增加至800国际单位。每日维生素D摄入量的安全上限从2000国际单位增加至4000国际单位。

维生素D的获取方式有三种,第一通过皮肤暴露于紫外线(UV)辐射下获取,第二通过饮食获取,尤其是富含维生素D的食品,比如牛奶和谷类食品,第三通过服用维生素D补充剂获取。但是,许多美国人都没有获得足够的维生素D并具有患维生素D缺乏症的风险,黑皮肤人群、几乎不暴露于阳光下的人群、老年人和纯母乳喂养的婴儿特别容易缺乏维生素D。

39维生素E会降低癌症风险吗?

α-生育酚是维生素E在人体内最为活跃的存在形式,同时也是一种强有力的抗氧化剂。在一项研究中,服用α-生育酚的男性吸烟者比服用安慰剂的男性吸烟者具有更低的前列腺癌风险。该发现促使研究人员启动了一个大型研究项目(名为“SELECT”),研究硒和维生素E补充剂对前列腺癌风险的影响。但是,这项研究发现,硒和维生素E补充剂没有降低前列腺癌风险。甚至正相反,服用维生素E补充剂的男性群体可能还具有患前列腺癌的较高风险。

在另一项大型研究(名为“HOPE”)中,研究人员对比研究了服用维生素E补充剂和安慰剂下的癌症与心脏病风险。维生素E补充剂组与安慰剂组在癌症发病率或心脏病发病率方面没有差异。服用维生素E补充剂的受试者实际上拥有更高的心力衰竭发病率。

虽然含有维生素E的食品如坚果和某些不饱和油可能是健康的,并且它们已被证明能降低心脏病风险,但是目前并不建议人们通过服用维生素E补充剂来降低他们患癌症或慢性疾病的风险。
 

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#插入话题
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    2015-05-24 ljjj1053

    不错,学习了

    0

  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=24688, encodeId=132524688c5, content=不错,学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=122, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=ac181616815, createdName=ljjj1053, createdTime=Sun May 24 12:27:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=24667, encodeId=c3c12466e99, content=不错,学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=115, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=ac181616815, createdName=ljjj1053, createdTime=Sun May 24 12:22:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2045305, encodeId=42922045305c6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b21e1326fa' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌症协会#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71326, encryptionId=1b21e1326fa, topicName=癌症协会)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=947269, createdName=lvygwyt2781, createdTime=Mon Dec 07 17:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=19155, encodeId=1bce19155b6, content=不错啊很好啊同意, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20150920/IMG55FDE671A89482379.jpg, createdBy=cef3108336, createdName=x35042875, createdTime=Tue Mar 31 23:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2032131, encodeId=def0203213157, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=35b3e9841cd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#美国癌症协会#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79841, encryptionId=35b3e9841cd, topicName=美国癌症协会)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=778d36, createdName=shuangle, createdTime=Wed Jul 15 02:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-07-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1487987, encodeId=69e3148e987f6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5c699e46010' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#防癌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97460, encryptionId=5c699e46010, topicName=防癌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f6d78400961, createdName=jeanqiuqiu, createdTime=Sat Mar 28 07:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=19000, encodeId=f3e31900056, content=好点, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=127, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=xiaoai5777, createdTime=Fri Mar 27 23:45:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18965, encodeId=98001896589, content=希望都是真的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=435a1619509, createdName=szzyy4818, createdTime=Fri Mar 27 21:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18960, encodeId=971d1896056, content=真的有用吗?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7f0f106091, createdName=acount, createdTime=Fri Mar 27 01:02:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18956, encodeId=c22b189565e, content=同意, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3yz0JbjHQ7nicJU7lHMOu0Itf3Zv3VBzEvK3k4AFPBXhiaxIRNGVI33GicoRXQEjkaasjdlWKwZuwcyhDP9Jibqt5ct/0, createdBy=f1281613275, createdName=zhouanxiu, createdTime=Fri Mar 27 00:08:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-27, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-05-24 ljjj1053

    不错,学习了

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=24688, encodeId=132524688c5, content=不错,学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=122, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=ac181616815, createdName=ljjj1053, createdTime=Sun May 24 12:27:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=24667, encodeId=c3c12466e99, content=不错,学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=115, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=ac181616815, createdName=ljjj1053, createdTime=Sun May 24 12:22:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2045305, encodeId=42922045305c6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b21e1326fa' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌症协会#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71326, encryptionId=1b21e1326fa, topicName=癌症协会)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=947269, createdName=lvygwyt2781, createdTime=Mon Dec 07 17:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=19155, encodeId=1bce19155b6, content=不错啊很好啊同意, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20150920/IMG55FDE671A89482379.jpg, createdBy=cef3108336, createdName=x35042875, createdTime=Tue Mar 31 23:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2032131, encodeId=def0203213157, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=35b3e9841cd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#美国癌症协会#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79841, encryptionId=35b3e9841cd, topicName=美国癌症协会)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=778d36, createdName=shuangle, createdTime=Wed Jul 15 02:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-07-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1487987, encodeId=69e3148e987f6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5c699e46010' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#防癌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97460, encryptionId=5c699e46010, topicName=防癌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f6d78400961, createdName=jeanqiuqiu, createdTime=Sat Mar 28 07:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=19000, encodeId=f3e31900056, content=好点, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=127, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=xiaoai5777, createdTime=Fri Mar 27 23:45:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18965, encodeId=98001896589, content=希望都是真的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=435a1619509, createdName=szzyy4818, createdTime=Fri Mar 27 21:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18960, encodeId=971d1896056, content=真的有用吗?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7f0f106091, createdName=acount, createdTime=Fri Mar 27 01:02:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18956, encodeId=c22b189565e, content=同意, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3yz0JbjHQ7nicJU7lHMOu0Itf3Zv3VBzEvK3k4AFPBXhiaxIRNGVI33GicoRXQEjkaasjdlWKwZuwcyhDP9Jibqt5ct/0, createdBy=f1281613275, createdName=zhouanxiu, createdTime=Fri Mar 27 00:08:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-27, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=24688, encodeId=132524688c5, content=不错,学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=122, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=ac181616815, createdName=ljjj1053, createdTime=Sun May 24 12:27:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=24667, encodeId=c3c12466e99, content=不错,学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=115, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=ac181616815, createdName=ljjj1053, createdTime=Sun May 24 12:22:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2045305, encodeId=42922045305c6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b21e1326fa' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌症协会#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71326, encryptionId=1b21e1326fa, topicName=癌症协会)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=947269, createdName=lvygwyt2781, createdTime=Mon Dec 07 17:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=19155, encodeId=1bce19155b6, content=不错啊很好啊同意, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20150920/IMG55FDE671A89482379.jpg, createdBy=cef3108336, createdName=x35042875, createdTime=Tue Mar 31 23:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2032131, encodeId=def0203213157, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=35b3e9841cd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#美国癌症协会#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79841, encryptionId=35b3e9841cd, topicName=美国癌症协会)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=778d36, createdName=shuangle, createdTime=Wed Jul 15 02:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-07-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1487987, encodeId=69e3148e987f6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5c699e46010' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#防癌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97460, encryptionId=5c699e46010, topicName=防癌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f6d78400961, createdName=jeanqiuqiu, createdTime=Sat Mar 28 07:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=19000, encodeId=f3e31900056, content=好点, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=127, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=xiaoai5777, createdTime=Fri Mar 27 23:45:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18965, encodeId=98001896589, content=希望都是真的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=435a1619509, createdName=szzyy4818, createdTime=Fri Mar 27 21:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18960, encodeId=971d1896056, content=真的有用吗?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7f0f106091, createdName=acount, createdTime=Fri Mar 27 01:02:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18956, encodeId=c22b189565e, content=同意, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3yz0JbjHQ7nicJU7lHMOu0Itf3Zv3VBzEvK3k4AFPBXhiaxIRNGVI33GicoRXQEjkaasjdlWKwZuwcyhDP9Jibqt5ct/0, createdBy=f1281613275, createdName=zhouanxiu, createdTime=Fri Mar 27 00:08:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-27, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-03-31 x35042875

    不错啊很好啊同意

    0

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  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=24688, encodeId=132524688c5, content=不错,学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=122, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=ac181616815, createdName=ljjj1053, createdTime=Sun May 24 12:27:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=24667, encodeId=c3c12466e99, content=不错,学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=115, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=ac181616815, createdName=ljjj1053, createdTime=Sun May 24 12:22:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2045305, encodeId=42922045305c6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b21e1326fa' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌症协会#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71326, encryptionId=1b21e1326fa, topicName=癌症协会)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=947269, createdName=lvygwyt2781, createdTime=Mon Dec 07 17:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=19155, encodeId=1bce19155b6, content=不错啊很好啊同意, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20150920/IMG55FDE671A89482379.jpg, createdBy=cef3108336, createdName=x35042875, createdTime=Tue Mar 31 23:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2032131, encodeId=def0203213157, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=35b3e9841cd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#美国癌症协会#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79841, encryptionId=35b3e9841cd, topicName=美国癌症协会)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=778d36, createdName=shuangle, createdTime=Wed Jul 15 02:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-07-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1487987, encodeId=69e3148e987f6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5c699e46010' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#防癌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97460, encryptionId=5c699e46010, topicName=防癌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f6d78400961, createdName=jeanqiuqiu, createdTime=Sat Mar 28 07:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=19000, encodeId=f3e31900056, content=好点, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=127, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=xiaoai5777, createdTime=Fri Mar 27 23:45:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18965, encodeId=98001896589, content=希望都是真的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=435a1619509, createdName=szzyy4818, createdTime=Fri Mar 27 21:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18960, encodeId=971d1896056, content=真的有用吗?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7f0f106091, createdName=acount, createdTime=Fri Mar 27 01:02:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18956, encodeId=c22b189565e, content=同意, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3yz0JbjHQ7nicJU7lHMOu0Itf3Zv3VBzEvK3k4AFPBXhiaxIRNGVI33GicoRXQEjkaasjdlWKwZuwcyhDP9Jibqt5ct/0, createdBy=f1281613275, createdName=zhouanxiu, createdTime=Fri Mar 27 00:08:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-27, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-03-28 jeanqiuqiu
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    2015-03-27 xiaoai5777

    好点

    0

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    2015-03-27 szzyy4818

    希望都是真的

    0

  9. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=24688, encodeId=132524688c5, content=不错,学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=122, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=ac181616815, createdName=ljjj1053, createdTime=Sun May 24 12:27:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=24667, encodeId=c3c12466e99, content=不错,学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=115, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=ac181616815, createdName=ljjj1053, createdTime=Sun May 24 12:22:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2045305, encodeId=42922045305c6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b21e1326fa' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌症协会#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71326, encryptionId=1b21e1326fa, topicName=癌症协会)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=947269, createdName=lvygwyt2781, createdTime=Mon Dec 07 17:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=19155, encodeId=1bce19155b6, content=不错啊很好啊同意, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20150920/IMG55FDE671A89482379.jpg, createdBy=cef3108336, createdName=x35042875, createdTime=Tue Mar 31 23:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2032131, encodeId=def0203213157, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=35b3e9841cd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#美国癌症协会#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79841, encryptionId=35b3e9841cd, topicName=美国癌症协会)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=778d36, createdName=shuangle, createdTime=Wed Jul 15 02:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-07-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1487987, encodeId=69e3148e987f6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5c699e46010' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#防癌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97460, encryptionId=5c699e46010, topicName=防癌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f6d78400961, createdName=jeanqiuqiu, createdTime=Sat Mar 28 07:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=19000, encodeId=f3e31900056, content=好点, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=127, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=xiaoai5777, createdTime=Fri Mar 27 23:45:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18965, encodeId=98001896589, content=希望都是真的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=435a1619509, createdName=szzyy4818, createdTime=Fri Mar 27 21:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18960, encodeId=971d1896056, content=真的有用吗?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7f0f106091, createdName=acount, createdTime=Fri Mar 27 01:02:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18956, encodeId=c22b189565e, content=同意, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3yz0JbjHQ7nicJU7lHMOu0Itf3Zv3VBzEvK3k4AFPBXhiaxIRNGVI33GicoRXQEjkaasjdlWKwZuwcyhDP9Jibqt5ct/0, createdBy=f1281613275, createdName=zhouanxiu, createdTime=Fri Mar 27 00:08:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-27, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-03-27 acount

    真的有用吗?

    0

  10. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=24688, encodeId=132524688c5, content=不错,学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=122, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=ac181616815, createdName=ljjj1053, createdTime=Sun May 24 12:27:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=24667, encodeId=c3c12466e99, content=不错,学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=115, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=ac181616815, createdName=ljjj1053, createdTime=Sun May 24 12:22:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2045305, encodeId=42922045305c6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b21e1326fa' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌症协会#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71326, encryptionId=1b21e1326fa, topicName=癌症协会)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=947269, createdName=lvygwyt2781, createdTime=Mon Dec 07 17:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=19155, encodeId=1bce19155b6, content=不错啊很好啊同意, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20150920/IMG55FDE671A89482379.jpg, createdBy=cef3108336, createdName=x35042875, createdTime=Tue Mar 31 23:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2032131, encodeId=def0203213157, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=35b3e9841cd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#美国癌症协会#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79841, encryptionId=35b3e9841cd, topicName=美国癌症协会)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=778d36, createdName=shuangle, createdTime=Wed Jul 15 02:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-07-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1487987, encodeId=69e3148e987f6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5c699e46010' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#防癌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97460, encryptionId=5c699e46010, topicName=防癌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f6d78400961, createdName=jeanqiuqiu, createdTime=Sat Mar 28 07:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=19000, encodeId=f3e31900056, content=好点, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=127, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=xiaoai5777, createdTime=Fri Mar 27 23:45:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18965, encodeId=98001896589, content=希望都是真的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=435a1619509, createdName=szzyy4818, createdTime=Fri Mar 27 21:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18960, encodeId=971d1896056, content=真的有用吗?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7f0f106091, createdName=acount, createdTime=Fri Mar 27 01:02:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18956, encodeId=c22b189565e, content=同意, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3yz0JbjHQ7nicJU7lHMOu0Itf3Zv3VBzEvK3k4AFPBXhiaxIRNGVI33GicoRXQEjkaasjdlWKwZuwcyhDP9Jibqt5ct/0, createdBy=f1281613275, createdName=zhouanxiu, createdTime=Fri Mar 27 00:08:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-27, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-03-27 zhouanxiu

    同意

    0

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