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心脏上长肿瘤怎么办?3D胸腔镜手术成功钻孔摘瘤

2017-12-20 屠俊 澎湃新闻

3D电影让人们体会到了身临其境的立体感觉,那么,将3D技术引入到手术中,会怎么样?近日,在上海长征医院的手术室里上演了一部3D手术大片,胸心外科专家通过立体、直观,大术野的3D胸腔镜系统,成功精确地摘除了一颗隐藏在患者心脏内的“定时炸弹”——心房粘液瘤。术后当天患者就能下地行走,而在患者的胸壁上只留下钥匙孔大小的3个小洞,6天即康复出院。、50岁的潘先生,在今年的体检中,发现在心脏里竟然长了一个直

3D电影让人们体会到了身临其境的立体感觉,那么,将3D技术引入到手术中,会怎么样?近日,在上海长征医院的手术室里上演了一部3D手术大片,胸心外科专家通过立体、直观,大术野的3D胸腔镜系统,成功精确地摘除了一颗隐藏在患者心脏内的“定时炸弹”——心房粘液瘤。术后当天患者就能下地行走,而在患者的胸壁上只留下钥匙孔大小的3个小洞,6天即康复出院。
50岁的潘先生,在今年的体检中,发现在心脏里竟然长了一个直径2cm左右的肿瘤,经超声检查诊断为 “心房粘液瘤”。

心房粘液瘤是最常见的心脏肿瘤,如同潜伏在体内的一颗“定时炸弹”,早期没有任何症状。而令人担忧的是,肿瘤在心房内伴随着血流在心脏内来回摆动,由于组织松脆,很容易因为瘤体组织的部分脱落,引发大面积脑梗、肺梗等状况;同时还可能突然嵌顿在菲薄的心脏瓣膜中,直接影响血液流动,严重者可造成血流梗阻或引起瓣膜关闭不全,最终导致心力衰竭、心律失常,甚至心跳骤停、猝死等。目前,解除这些风险,实现根治性治疗的唯一途径就是手术切除肿瘤。

然而,心脏粘液瘤手术传统上需要正中开胸,切口长约20厘米,会在胸口留下一条长长的“蜈蚣”,且术中出血多,术后恢复慢。近年来,随着微创外科的蓬勃发展,以保持胸廓完整性为特点、侧胸小切口为代表的微创心脏外科技术也不断改良、兴起。但在胸腔镜下施行心脏手术,却面临着操作空间狭小、心内结构复杂、精准要求更高、技术难度更大等难题,是心血管外科领域面临的重大挑战。

潘先生在家人的陪伴下,来到上海长征医院。胸心外科专家对潘先生进行全面检查、瘤体分析等一系列术前评估后,综合其总体良好的身体状况以及心脏内肿瘤的现状,决定为潘先生实施最大程度的胸廓保护且又微创的3D胸腔镜下心房粘液瘤摘除术。

术前,王志农教授和影像科萧毅教授两个团队,进行了反复多次沟通、讨论,采用先进的CTA三维彩色重建技术,对肿瘤进行精准定位,发现潘先生心脏内的肿瘤并未像常见的那样生长在房间隔上,而是起源于三尖瓣隔瓣的根部,距房室结、心脏膜部间隔、冠状静脉窦开口等心内重要结构仅有4mm左右的距离,而且瘤体周围又有10数根纤细如发的腱索包围,一旦操作不慎,极容易误伤周围组织,引起严重的房室传导阻滞、医源性三尖瓣关闭不全、大出血等严重并发症。

王志农教授团队在麻醉科袁红斌主任、陈岩教授等专家的大力协助下,医生通过佩戴3D眼镜观察特殊的监视器,显示屏上的心脏手术影像如同在观看3D影片,手术视野经过倍数的放大,心脏的立体结构看得更精细和清晰,定位更准确。经过两个多小时的紧张手术,为潘先生成功实施了上海首例3D胸腔镜下同期心脏肿瘤摘除术及三尖瓣修复重建术,顺利摘除了长期隐藏在患者心内的“定时炸弹”。

近年来,长征医院王志农教授团队专心致力于心血管疾病微创手术治疗的临床研究,尤其在3D胸腔镜下施行心脏手术等高难技术方面取得突破,成功开展包括慢性房颤微创外科消融在内的多例胸腔镜下高水平的心血管手术。患者术后恢复快、输血少,明显减少了各类并发症的发生,大大缩短了术后康复时间,这无疑给更多心脏病患者带来了福音和希望。

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