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Diabetes Care:糖皮质激素治疗糖尿病孕妇将增加新生儿低血糖风险

2020-02-11 国际糖尿病编辑部 国际糖尿病

产前应用糖皮质激素治疗已在临床上应用多年,常被用于早产儿的疾病治疗和预防。多项研究表明糖皮质激素将增加糖尿病患者并发症发生的危险。当糖尿病孕妇在产前应用糖皮质激素,会对妊娠结局产生什么样的影响?发表在Diabetes Care上的一项最新研究显示,患任一类型(妊娠期糖尿病或糖尿病合并妊娠)糖尿病女性在产前接受糖皮质激素治疗,经早期计划剖宫产娩出的婴儿罹患低血糖风险更高!当前在无糖尿病并发症

编者按:产前应用糖皮质激素治疗已在临床上应用多年,常被用于早产儿的疾病治疗和预防。多项研究表明糖皮质激素将增加糖尿病患者并发症发生的危险。当糖尿病孕妇在产前应用糖皮质激素,会对妊娠结局产生什么样的影响?发表在Diabetes Care上的一项最新研究显示,患任一类型(妊娠期糖尿病或糖尿病合并妊娠)糖尿病女性在产前接受糖皮质激素治疗,经早期计划剖宫产娩出的婴儿罹患低血糖风险更高!

当前在无糖尿病并发症的妊娠中,在早期计划剖宫产(ETSCS)前给予产前糖皮质激素可减少50%的新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(RDS)/短暂性新生儿呼吸急促(TTN)的入院率。而对于妊娠期糖尿病或糖尿病合并妊娠患者而言,其是否有相应获益仍缺乏充分证据。

澳大利亚新南威尔士坎贝尔敦医院内分泌科David Simmons教授等人主导了一项研究。研究者根据既往医疗记录将2016.5.1~2018.4.30期间在该院接受计划性剖宫产的合并糖尿病孕妇纳入研究。其中接受糖皮质激素治疗患者33例(平均年龄33.1岁)、未接受糖皮质激素治疗患者69例(平均年龄32.9岁),评估两队列中新生儿低血糖、呼吸窘迫综合征/短暂性呼吸急促的发生率。结果显示,接受皮质类固醇治疗组新生儿低血糖发生率远高于未接受皮质类固醇治疗组(24.2%vs 4.4%,P=0.003),经校正后,接受糖皮质激素治疗组新生儿低血糖发生风险是未接受糖皮质激素治疗组的18.96倍(OR=18.96;95%CI:2.18-165.23)。两组新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征/短暂性呼吸急促的差异无统计学意义(15.2%vs.7.2%,P=0.209)。

David Simmons教授表示,“此项研究结果将对临床实践产生重要启示,若孕妇患有任何类型的糖尿病,则不建议其在妊娠≥37周应用任何促进胎儿肺成熟的糖皮质激素,以提高婴儿长/短期获益。若医疗机构需要在孕期使用糖皮质激素,需要有严格的随机对照试验来证明其安全性,否则就应该改变现有治疗方法,以减少因糖皮质激素引发的新生儿重症发生率。”

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    2020-02-12 misszhang

    谢谢MedSci提供最新的资讯

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