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Nature:WNT7A和PAX6是细胞向角膜谱系分化的决定因子

2014-07-04 MedSci MedSci原创

来自中山大学、加州大学圣地亚哥分校、四川大学等机构的研究人员,证实WNT7A和PAX6在角膜上皮细胞命运决定中起至关重要的作用,并为治疗角膜疾病指出了一条新策略。这些研究结果发表在7月2日的《自然》(Nature)杂志上。 现任职于中山大学、四川大学和加州大学圣地亚哥分校的张康(Kang Zhang)、中山大学的刘奕志(Yizhi Liu)教授和加州大学圣地亚哥分校的傅向东(Xiang-Dong

来自中山大学、加州大学圣地亚哥分校、四川大学等机构的研究人员,证实WNT7APAX6在角膜上皮细胞命运决定中起至关重要的作用,并为治疗角膜疾病指出了一条新策略。这些研究结果发表在7月2日的《自然》(Nature)杂志上。

现任职于中山大学、四川大学和加州大学圣地亚哥分校的张康(Kang Zhang)、中山大学的刘奕志(Yizhi Liu)教授和加州大学圣地亚哥分校的傅向东(Xiang-Dong Fu)教授是这篇论文的共同通讯作者。

眼角膜完全透明,位于眼球前部,呈横椭圆形。占眼球外壁的1/6的角膜和巩膜一起构成眼球的外壁组织。眼角膜是眼睛最前面的凸形高度透明物质,覆盖 虹膜、瞳孔及前房,并为眼睛提供大部分屈光力。加上晶体的屈光力,光线便可准确地聚焦在视网膜上构成影像。作为眼睛和世界之间的窗户,当事故或疾病导致角 膜损伤时,则有可能导致视力下降甚至失明。

在角膜的表面包含有一种独特的非角化上皮细胞,其按照一种有序的方式排列,这对于视功能至关重要。这些角膜上皮细胞(Cornea epithelial cells,CECs)是由角膜缘干细胞(LSCs)不断更新,角膜缘干细胞或角膜上皮缺乏会引起角膜表面疾病,其导致了全球数百万人失明。然而,到现在为止对于健康个体中角膜缘干细胞维持以及分化为角膜上皮的机制,以及患者中遭到损害的关键分子事件仍并不清楚

在这篇文章中,研究人员报告称在体外无滋养细胞的条件下成功扩增了角膜缘干细胞。他们发现转录因子p63和PAX6协同作用促进了角膜缘干细胞专向 分化,WNT7A通过PAX6控制了角膜上皮的分化。他们证实丧失WNT7A或PAX6可诱导角膜缘干细胞转变为皮肤样上皮细胞,这一至关重要的缺陷与人 类一种常见角膜病密切相关。值得注意的是,当研究人员将PAX6转导到皮肤上皮干细胞中时,发现其可以充分地将它们转变为角膜缘干细胞样的细胞。当将这些 细胞移植到大鼠角膜损伤模型眼睛上时,重编程细胞能够补充角膜上皮细胞,修复损伤的角膜表面。

新研究确立了在无滋养层的条件下扩增角膜缘干细胞的可行性以及它的治疗潜力,证实了WNT7A和PAX6在角膜谱系专向分化中起着重要的作用。重要的是,通过表达PAX6可以将皮肤上皮干细胞或其他的细胞类型转变为角膜细胞,从而为修复和再生角膜表面,治疗角膜缘干细胞缺陷患者提供了一个潜在的资 源。利用患者自身的重编程角膜缘干细胞进行移植解决了一个重大的可行性问题,为治疗许多人类常见角膜疾病指出了一个潜在的治疗策略。

原始出处:

Hong Ouyang,Yuanchao Xue,Ying Lin,Xiaohui Zhang,Lei Xi, et al.WNT7A and PAX6 define corneal epithelium homeostasis and pathogenesis Nature doi:10.1038/nature13465

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    2014-09-27 liye789132251
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    2014-07-06 snowpeakxu
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    2014-07-06 zhwj
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    2014-07-04 pingwu

    为定向分化铺平道路呀

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