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JNS:机器人引导椎弓根螺钉植入术安全有效

2014-07-04 lining117826 丁香园

椎弓根螺钉植入是后路胸腰椎手术的根本,然而,其和并发症多相关,如螺钉定位错误。近年来,改善椎弓根螺钉植入的安全性和准确性成为努力的方向。导航和术中成像应运而生。大多数辅助技术的目的为协助外科医生可视化大多数看不见的解剖学结构,以方便椎弓根螺钉植入。最近,有文献报道,机器人引导椎弓根螺钉植入术会增加椎弓根螺钉植入的准确性。 为了评估机器人引导椎弓根螺钉植入术的准确性及安全性,瑞士学者Bawar

椎弓根螺钉植入是后路胸腰椎手术的根本,然而,其和并发症多相关,如螺钉定位错误。近年来,改善椎弓根螺钉植入的安全性和准确性成为努力的方向。导航和术中成像应运而生。大多数辅助技术的目的为协助外科医生可视化大多数看不见的解剖学结构,以方便椎弓根螺钉植入。最近,有文献报道,机器人引导椎弓根螺钉植入术会增加椎弓根螺钉植入的准确性。

为了评估机器人引导椎弓根螺钉植入术的准确性及安全性,瑞士学者Bawarjan Schatlo等进行了一项回顾性队列研究,该研究结果已在近期的J Neurosurg Spine杂志上发表。

在该研究中,纳入95名腰椎退变患者,其中机器人组55名,共244钉(开放切口17名,83钉;经皮切口38名,161钉),术中透视成像组40名,共163钉。

按照Gertzbein and Robbins分数,该研究结果显示,机器人组置钉的准确性A级为83.6%,B级为7.8%,C级为3.7%,D级为1.6%,E级为0.8%,R级为2.5;术中透视组A级为79.8%,B级为7.4%,C级为6.1%,D级为3.7%,E级为3.1%。两组在置钉临床可接受性上,无统计学差异。

机器人组失血量较低,同时手术时间(机器人组205± 44分钟,透视组189± 39分钟)、住院日(机器人组9.8± 5.1天,透视组10.3±5.6天)、累计吗啡剂量(机器人组218±292mg,透视组239±422mg),两组仍无统计学差异。

机器人技术的优势在于可以处理困难的,既往手术治疗的,或扭曲的脊柱(图1)。


该研究也存在不足

1.术中透视组患者采取了开放手术,而机器人组大部分患者采取微创经皮手术。尽管两组在螺钉植入准确性上无统计学差异,但作者不能下出两种技术等效这一结论。
2. 两组患者存在小的异质性,如术中透视组患者BMI较高,其手术要求可能更高。
3.术中透视组患者的置钉数目和置钉节段是高的,从而手术难度也较高。机器人引导椎弓根螺钉植入术是安全有效的。尽管如此,使用该技术仍存在困难。透视检查仍为提倡的技术。

原始出处:

Schatlo B1, Molliqaj G, Cuvinciuc V, Kotowski M, Schaller K, Tessitore E.Safety and accuracy of robot-assisted versus fluoroscopy-guided pedicle screw insertion for degenerative diseases of the lumbar spine: a matched cohort comparison.J Neurosurg Spine. 2014 Jun;20(6):636-43. doi: 10.3171/2014.3.SPINE13714. Epub 2014 Apr 11.

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    2014-07-06 jiyangfei
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