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ADV FUNCT MATER:高强高韧矿化水凝胶,颅骨修复的新思路

2017-05-28 佚名 MaterialsViews

颅骨缺损是最常见和多样性的人类先天性异常之一,严重影响患者的生活质量,特别是创伤、肿瘤切除和血管损伤等造成的大面积的颅骨缺损。目前,颅骨损伤采用的最常见的治疗手段为自体骨和同种异体骨移植。然而,自体骨移植往往面临着形状匹配和来源有限的难题,同种异体骨移植容易引起免疫排斥反应。基于此,很多材料例如生物活性陶瓷、钛网、合成高分子或者它们的复合材料被尝试用于颅骨缺损修复,虽然一定程度上解决了自体和异体骨

颅骨缺损是最常见和多样性的人类先天性异常之一,严重影响患者的生活质量,特别是创伤、肿瘤切除和血管损伤等造成的大面积的颅骨缺损。目前,颅骨损伤采用的最常见的治疗手段为自体骨和同种异体骨移植。然而,自体骨移植往往面临着形状匹配和来源有限的难题,同种异体骨移植容易引起免疫排斥反应。基于此,很多材料例如生物活性陶瓷、钛网、合成高分子或者它们的复合材料被尝试用于颅骨缺损修复,虽然一定程度上解决了自体和异体骨移植所带来的困扰,但是它们由于固有的脆性、过高的刚性或者缺乏骨再生的能力等原因,并没有从实际上解决颅骨缺损修复的难题。

水凝胶作为一种包含大量水分的三维网状结构的交联聚合物,由于其具有与组织某些相似的性能以及良好的生物相容性而广泛应用于组织工程领域。但是作为一种骨再生的材料,其必须具有良好的力学强度用于替代原来的自体骨,并且与自体骨相似,必须是强度、韧性和生理稳定性的独特的结合,最为重要的是具有一定的促进骨再生的能力。诚然,目前所报道的高强度水凝胶解决了凝胶固有的力学强度差的难题,但是具有促进骨修复作用的在体内力学稳定的高强凝胶却鲜有报道。羟基磷灰石是骨的主要的无机成分,起到矿化层模板的作用并且可以促进骨的再生,在凝胶组分中引入纳米羟基磷灰石有望有效地促进颅骨修复。

近期,天津大学刘文广课题组和天津市一中心的神经外科的冯学泉副主任医师合作设计了一种高强高韧矿化水凝胶,可以有效地促进颅骨修复。该矿化凝胶采用两步法制成,首先以聚乙二醇二丙烯酸酯(PEGDA)为交联剂,丙烯腈(AN)和1-乙烯基咪唑(VI)为单体,通过光引发一步法合成了共聚物水凝胶。进一步,将凝胶浸入钙离子和磷酸根离子混合溶液中,利用原位沉淀法使CaP沉积在凝胶上,从而制备了矿化的凝胶。由于丙烯腈氰基之间强烈的偶极相互作用和CaP纳米结晶与聚合物链之间的界面作用,该凝胶最大抗张强度达6 MPa,压缩强度超过10 MPa,抗撕裂能高达7900 J/m2。该凝胶表面的纳米羟基磷灰石层可以有效地促进细胞的粘附、增殖和向成骨方向分化。将此高强高韧矿化凝胶植入大鼠的颅骨缺损处,术后12周,该凝胶溶胀度未发生变化,仍保持植入前的高强度。重要的是,矿化凝胶植入组的缺损边缘处,有大量的成熟骨出现,并且有一层包含大量活跃成骨细胞的类骨样组织覆盖于缺损表面,表明该种凝胶具有诱导骨再生,促进颅骨修复的作用。论文发表在Advanced Functional Materials (DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201604327)上,论文的第一作者为天津大学材料学院的博士生徐冰。

这是首次将高强凝胶应用于颅骨缺损的修复,并且取得了良好的实验效果。这种高强高韧矿化水凝胶为骨等承重组织的重建和再生提供了广泛的可能性。

原始出处:

Bing Xu,Pengbin Zheng,Fei Gao,et al.A Mineralized High Strength and Tough Hydrogel for Skull Bone Regeneration.ADV FUNCT MATER. 12 December 2016

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    2017-08-05 yahu
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    2017-12-20 axin020
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    2017-10-16 晓辰
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    2017-06-03 方舒

    学习

    0

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    2017-05-30 tastas
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    2017-05-30 lishizhe

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