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JAMA:HIIT、MCT还是听指南的?心衰患者运动建议

2021-02-13 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

HFpEF患者选择HIIT、MCE与基于指南的体力活动获益差异不大。

血管疾病(CVD)是影响全球人类健康的主要原因,其死亡率占全球年总死亡数的1/3,在高收入国家CVD死亡率为20-50%。心脏康复通过改善心脏病患者的运动耐量和心功能,缓解症状,减少焦虑、抑郁和压力的心理状态,是所有心脏病二级预防的重要组成部分。

无论是稳定性心绞痛、急性冠脉综合征和冠状动脉血运重建术后患者,抑或是慢性心力衰竭、经历过心脏移植或瓣膜置换术的患者均可从心脏康复中获益,可显著降低全因死亡率和心血管死亡率。其中,心脏康复五大处方中的“运动处方”通过改变CVD风险因素分布,改善患者心脏和冠状血管功能,显著降低致死性和非致死性再次心梗的风险。

运动康复能显著改善冠心病和心力衰竭患者的心血管、肺和骨骼肌功能,提高运动耐量,改善生活质量和心理健康(包括抑郁及压力状态)。与连续有氧运动训练相比,高强度间歇训练(HIIT)能更好改善患者的最大有氧能力。

因此近年来,HIIT已被视为低风险患者的一种替代运动方式。最近的荟萃分析显示,在射血分数降低(<40%)的HF(HFrEF)患者中,HIIT比中等强度连续运动(MCE)更能改善摄氧量峰值(VO2peak)。

那么,高强度间歇训练(HIIT)是否比中强度连续训练(MICT)更能改善心肺适应性?究竟指南是不是更适合心衰患者?为此,德国慕尼黑工业大学Martin Halle团队研究了HIITMCE或基于指南的体力活动对射血分数保留的HE患者VO2peak的影响。研究结果发表在最新《美国医学会杂志》(JAMA)杂志上。

20147月至20189月,研究人员在5个城市(德国柏林、莱比锡和慕尼黑;比利时安特卫普;挪威特隆赫姆)进行了随机临床试验。从532名筛选出的患者中,纳入180名慢性、稳定的HFpEF患者。

患者被随机分配(1:1:1;每组n=60)到HIIT3×38min/w)、MCE5×40min/w)或指南指导对照组(根据指南提供1次体力活动建议)。该研究共为期12个月(3个月在诊所,然后是9个月远程医疗监督的家庭锻炼)。

该研究的主要终点是3个月后V̇o2峰值的变化。次要终点包括3个月和12个月后患者心肺功能、心脏舒张功能和钠尿肽(BNP)等指标的变化。

180名随机化的患者中(平均年龄=70岁;120名女性[67%]),分别有166名(92%)和154名(86%)在3个月和12个月时完成了相关评估。3个月时,HIIT组与指南对照组的峰值V̇o2变化为1.1 vs -0.6 mL/kg/min(差异=1.5[95% CI,0.4~2.7]);MCE组与指南对照组的变化分别为1. 6 vs -0.6 mL/kg/min(差异=2.0 [95% CI,0.9~3.1]);HIIT训练组与MCE阻的变化则为1.1 vs 1.6 mL/kg/min(差异=-0.4 [95% CI,-1.4~0.6])。

然而,12个月时峰值V̇o2变化则无统计学意义。此外,心脏舒张功能或BNP水平也无明显变化。在该研究过程中,4HIIT患者(7%)3MCE患者(5%)5名指南对照患者(8%)出现急性冠脉综合征。

HFpEF患者中,HIITMCE3个月时的峰值V̇o2变化差异没有统计学意义。与指南对照组相比,两组都没有达到预先规定的最小临床重要差异。

综上,这些研究结果提示,HFpEF患者选择HIIT、MCE与基于指南的体力活动获益差异不大。

 

参考文献:

Mueller S, et al. Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training, Moderate Continuous Training, or Guideline-Based Physical Activity Advice on Peak Oxygen Consumption in Patients With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2021;325(6):542–551. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.26812

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    2021-04-30 MedSciZeng

    #JAMA#点击进入话题查看更多相关文章 或评论时插入话题加入讨论

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  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=961905, encodeId=d82e961905a8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=08af1024310' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#JAMA#</a>点击进入话题查看更多相关文章 或评论时插入话题加入讨论, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=171, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10243, encryptionId=08af1024310, topicName=JAMA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20221103/2796e00c9b4549e3b313ed9e7accc68f/b52d6d98bbe04782b5a4e2dd1ee80be2.jpeg, createdBy=078e1614372, createdName=MedSciZeng, createdTime=Fri Apr 30 17:28:29 CST 2021, time=2021-04-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1373508, encodeId=96aa13e350817, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2fd051939ab' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#心衰患者#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=51939, encryptionId=2fd051939ab, topicName=心衰患者)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=467c360, createdName=yuanming7, createdTime=Mon Feb 15 03:45:31 CST 2021, time=2021-02-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1442704, encodeId=e0331442e048f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e4c38842a9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#HIIT#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=8842, encryptionId=e4c38842a9, topicName=HIIT)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=16774964235, createdName=ms7019579240139182, createdTime=Mon Feb 15 03:45:31 CST 2021, time=2021-02-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=924614, encodeId=c66192461434, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=108, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210213/f6efe772e64a4d43a4f84fa895d5563e/03b3c2b9f0cd4e128f02dd2ffc620743.jpg, createdBy=897d1605912, createdName=zhangwangwei, createdTime=Sun Feb 14 21:36:23 CST 2021, time=2021-02-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1036450, encodeId=fd861036450f3, content=顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=旺医, createdTime=Sat Feb 13 15:45:31 CST 2021, time=2021-02-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-02-14 zhangwangwei

    学习了

    0

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    2021-02-13 旺医

    顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息

    0

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