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癌症留下的“蛛丝马迹”

2015-08-14 佚名 生命时报

【导读】半个世纪以前,癌症对中国人来说还是一个陌生的词汇。但这短短的十几年,癌症却成为和人们关系最为密切的疾病之一。你也许已经发现了,我们身边得癌症的人越来越多:胃癌、肺癌、乳腺癌……对付癌症这个人类“杀手”,早发现、早治疗最关键。《生命时报》特邀中国人民解放军第二炮兵总医院副院长周丁华,结合自己多年的临床经验,帮你发现6种发病率最高的癌症留下的“蛛丝马迹”,并给出相应的预防对策。鼻咽癌预警信号:

【导读】半个世纪以前,癌症对中国人来说还是一个陌生的词汇。但这短短的十几年,癌症却成为和人们关系最为密切的疾病之一。你也许已经发现了,我们身边得癌症的人越来越多:胃癌、肺癌、乳腺癌……

对付癌症这个人类“杀手”,早发现、早治疗最关键。《生命时报》特邀中国人民解放军第二炮兵总医院副院长周丁华,结合自己多年的临床经验,帮你发现6种发病率最高的癌症留下的“蛛丝马迹”,并给出相应的预防对策。

鼻咽癌

预警信号:鼻涕带血。

主要表现为鼻涕中带有少量血丝,特别是晨起鼻涕带血,往往是鼻咽癌的重要信号。此外,还常有鼻塞,这是由于鼻咽癌症块压迫所致,若压迫耳咽管,还会出现耳鸣。
支招:80%以上的鼻咽癌病人的血清中含有EB病毒抗体,一旦出现可疑症状,最好及时到医院就诊,进行必要的筛查

日常生活中,首先要避免烟酒刺激,保持口腔卫生,尽可能减少病毒感染;其次,少吃咸鱼、腌肉等,减少亚硝酸盐的摄入;最后,保持健康的生活方式,增强免疫力。

食管癌

预警信号:产生特异性的吞咽困难。

吞咽食物时有疼痛感、胸骨后闷胀不适、食管内有异物感或上腹部疼痛。
支招:食物发霉变质后就扔掉,不应再食用;不吃过热、过烫的食物,喝茶、喝粥以50℃以下为好;防止水源污染、改善水质;不吸烟、不饮烈酒;补充人体所需的微量元素;多吃果蔬。

肺癌

预警信号:不明原因的刺激性干咳。

伤风感冒后咳嗽持续不愈;突发性痰中带血或少许血丝;弥漫不固定的胸疼,或背痛、肩痛等;固定部位反复发生肺炎。
支招:尽早戒烟,改善家庭厨房油烟环境也很重要。

乳腺癌

预警信号:乳房出现异常。

乳腺乳头溢液、乳头糜烂、乳头不对称、乳房肿块、乳房轻度回缩或提高、腺体局限性增厚、局部皮肤轻度水肿等。若触摸到肿块,且年龄为40岁以上的女性,应考虑有乳腺癌的可能。
支招:节制饮食,减少脂肪摄入量,保持标准体重,不饮酒,保证适度锻炼。另外,应注意计划生育,初产年龄最好不超过30岁。每月做一次乳房自我检查。

胃癌

预警信号:胃部不适。

胃部一向很好的人,逐渐发现胃部不适或疼痛,有沉重感,开始时服用一般胃药有可能缓解,但随着时间推移,服止痛、止酸药也无法缓解。食欲不振、消瘦、乏力,这常是胃癌的首发症状。
经常出现恶心、呕吐等现象;无胃病史的人一旦出现黑便,应立即引起警惕。此外,上腹深压痛常是早期胃癌的唯一体征。
支招:避免进食刺激性食物,不宜吃得过饱,节制饮酒;少吃腌、熏、烤、油煎的食品;多吃富含维生素C的新鲜果蔬;积极治疗胃溃疡及萎缩性胃炎。

肝癌

预警信号:消化不良、呕吐、腹胀、腹泻。

乏力、消瘦;发热,一般为低热,偶达39℃以上,呈持续或午后低热或弛张型高热;其他全身症状所致的自发性低血糖症、红细胞增多症、高脂血症等。
支招:35岁以上乙肝表面抗原阳性、患慢性肝炎、肝硬化5年以上,直系亲属三代中有肝癌家族史的人,每半年检测一次甲胎蛋白和肝脏B超,是早期发现肝癌的最有效方法。

此外,注射乙肝疫苗,输血时保证血液制品未被肝炎病毒感染。酒精也是引发肝癌的一大敌人,因此预防肝癌应戒酒。

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    2017-04-07 gospel007

    受益匪浅啊!

    0

  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=185650, encodeId=3dc2185650be, content=受益匪浅啊!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=106, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9b2a1732571, createdName= gospel007, createdTime=Fri Apr 07 01:32:47 CST 2017, time=2017-04-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=156317, encodeId=218415631ead, content=学习了增加知识了分享了谢谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200816/e4675a86ea694f12b82202b320dc2654/12f6b900498349e994ce8f516a584d6a.jpg, createdBy=09431951290, createdName=大爰, createdTime=Thu Nov 17 09:35:10 CST 2016, time=2016-11-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=35844, encodeId=37ec35844dc, content=80%以上的鼻咽癌病人的血清中含有EB病毒抗体,这个数字对吗?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=199, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=42fa1608766, createdName=silverscalpel, createdTime=Wed Aug 19 15:38:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=35845, encodeId=3c863584520, content=80%以上的鼻咽癌病人的血清中含有EB病毒抗体,这个数字对吗?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=164, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=42fa1608766, createdName=silverscalpel, createdTime=Wed Aug 19 15:38:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=35741, encodeId=f8fe35e4183, content=学习学习~~, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=140, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9b159816, createdName=shneye, createdTime=Mon Aug 17 16:54:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=35652, encodeId=28ae35652b4, content=不错的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=142, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e3601615208, createdName=dearluodi, createdTime=Sat Aug 15 23:51:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=35577, encodeId=d270355e74c, content=普及医学常识,造福人民, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=110, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=96871613250, createdName=medcardio, createdTime=Fri Aug 14 20:23:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-14, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-11-17 大爰

    学习了增加知识了分享了谢谢

    0

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    2015-08-19 silverscalpel

    80%以上的鼻咽癌病人的血清中含有EB病毒抗体,这个数字对吗?

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=185650, encodeId=3dc2185650be, content=受益匪浅啊!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=106, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9b2a1732571, createdName= gospel007, createdTime=Fri Apr 07 01:32:47 CST 2017, time=2017-04-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=156317, encodeId=218415631ead, content=学习了增加知识了分享了谢谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200816/e4675a86ea694f12b82202b320dc2654/12f6b900498349e994ce8f516a584d6a.jpg, createdBy=09431951290, createdName=大爰, createdTime=Thu Nov 17 09:35:10 CST 2016, time=2016-11-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=35844, encodeId=37ec35844dc, content=80%以上的鼻咽癌病人的血清中含有EB病毒抗体,这个数字对吗?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=199, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=42fa1608766, createdName=silverscalpel, createdTime=Wed Aug 19 15:38:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=35845, encodeId=3c863584520, content=80%以上的鼻咽癌病人的血清中含有EB病毒抗体,这个数字对吗?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=164, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=42fa1608766, createdName=silverscalpel, createdTime=Wed Aug 19 15:38:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=35741, encodeId=f8fe35e4183, content=学习学习~~, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=140, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9b159816, createdName=shneye, createdTime=Mon Aug 17 16:54:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=35652, encodeId=28ae35652b4, content=不错的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=142, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e3601615208, createdName=dearluodi, createdTime=Sat Aug 15 23:51:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=35577, encodeId=d270355e74c, content=普及医学常识,造福人民, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=110, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=96871613250, createdName=medcardio, createdTime=Fri Aug 14 20:23:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-14, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-08-19 silverscalpel

    80%以上的鼻咽癌病人的血清中含有EB病毒抗体,这个数字对吗?

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=185650, encodeId=3dc2185650be, content=受益匪浅啊!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=106, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9b2a1732571, createdName= gospel007, createdTime=Fri Apr 07 01:32:47 CST 2017, time=2017-04-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=156317, encodeId=218415631ead, content=学习了增加知识了分享了谢谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200816/e4675a86ea694f12b82202b320dc2654/12f6b900498349e994ce8f516a584d6a.jpg, createdBy=09431951290, createdName=大爰, createdTime=Thu Nov 17 09:35:10 CST 2016, time=2016-11-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=35844, encodeId=37ec35844dc, content=80%以上的鼻咽癌病人的血清中含有EB病毒抗体,这个数字对吗?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=199, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=42fa1608766, createdName=silverscalpel, createdTime=Wed Aug 19 15:38:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=35845, encodeId=3c863584520, content=80%以上的鼻咽癌病人的血清中含有EB病毒抗体,这个数字对吗?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=164, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=42fa1608766, createdName=silverscalpel, createdTime=Wed Aug 19 15:38:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=35741, encodeId=f8fe35e4183, content=学习学习~~, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=140, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9b159816, createdName=shneye, createdTime=Mon Aug 17 16:54:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=35652, encodeId=28ae35652b4, content=不错的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=142, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e3601615208, createdName=dearluodi, createdTime=Sat Aug 15 23:51:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=35577, encodeId=d270355e74c, content=普及医学常识,造福人民, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=110, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=96871613250, createdName=medcardio, createdTime=Fri Aug 14 20:23:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-14, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-08-17 shneye

    学习学习~~

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=185650, encodeId=3dc2185650be, content=受益匪浅啊!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=106, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9b2a1732571, createdName= gospel007, createdTime=Fri Apr 07 01:32:47 CST 2017, time=2017-04-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=156317, encodeId=218415631ead, content=学习了增加知识了分享了谢谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200816/e4675a86ea694f12b82202b320dc2654/12f6b900498349e994ce8f516a584d6a.jpg, createdBy=09431951290, createdName=大爰, createdTime=Thu Nov 17 09:35:10 CST 2016, time=2016-11-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=35844, encodeId=37ec35844dc, content=80%以上的鼻咽癌病人的血清中含有EB病毒抗体,这个数字对吗?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=199, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=42fa1608766, createdName=silverscalpel, createdTime=Wed Aug 19 15:38:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=35845, encodeId=3c863584520, content=80%以上的鼻咽癌病人的血清中含有EB病毒抗体,这个数字对吗?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=164, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=42fa1608766, createdName=silverscalpel, createdTime=Wed Aug 19 15:38:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=35741, encodeId=f8fe35e4183, content=学习学习~~, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=140, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9b159816, createdName=shneye, createdTime=Mon Aug 17 16:54:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=35652, encodeId=28ae35652b4, content=不错的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=142, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e3601615208, createdName=dearluodi, createdTime=Sat Aug 15 23:51:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=35577, encodeId=d270355e74c, content=普及医学常识,造福人民, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=110, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=96871613250, createdName=medcardio, createdTime=Fri Aug 14 20:23:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-14, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-08-15 dearluodi

    不错的

    0

  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=185650, encodeId=3dc2185650be, content=受益匪浅啊!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=106, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9b2a1732571, createdName= gospel007, createdTime=Fri Apr 07 01:32:47 CST 2017, time=2017-04-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=156317, encodeId=218415631ead, content=学习了增加知识了分享了谢谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200816/e4675a86ea694f12b82202b320dc2654/12f6b900498349e994ce8f516a584d6a.jpg, createdBy=09431951290, createdName=大爰, createdTime=Thu Nov 17 09:35:10 CST 2016, time=2016-11-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=35844, encodeId=37ec35844dc, content=80%以上的鼻咽癌病人的血清中含有EB病毒抗体,这个数字对吗?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=199, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=42fa1608766, createdName=silverscalpel, createdTime=Wed Aug 19 15:38:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=35845, encodeId=3c863584520, content=80%以上的鼻咽癌病人的血清中含有EB病毒抗体,这个数字对吗?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=164, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=42fa1608766, createdName=silverscalpel, createdTime=Wed Aug 19 15:38:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=35741, encodeId=f8fe35e4183, content=学习学习~~, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=140, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9b159816, createdName=shneye, createdTime=Mon Aug 17 16:54:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=35652, encodeId=28ae35652b4, content=不错的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=142, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e3601615208, createdName=dearluodi, createdTime=Sat Aug 15 23:51:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=35577, encodeId=d270355e74c, content=普及医学常识,造福人民, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=110, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=96871613250, createdName=medcardio, createdTime=Fri Aug 14 20:23:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-14, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-08-14 medcardio

    普及医学常识,造福人民

    0

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