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盘点:NEJM 9月重要原始研究第三期汇总

2018-09-30 MedSci MedSci原创

【1】氯卡色林用于超重或肥胖患者的心血管安全性DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1808721https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1808721氯卡色林是一种调节食欲的选择性5-羟色胺2C受体激动剂,可有效管理超重或肥胖患者的体重。但是,氯卡色林的心血管安全性和疗效目前尚不明确。新的一项研究纳入12000名超重或肥胖患者随机分组,接受氯卡色林

【1】氯卡色林用于超重或肥胖患者的血管安全性

DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1808721

氯卡色林是一种调节食欲的选择性5-羟色胺2C受体激动剂,可有效管理超重或肥胖患者的体重。但是,氯卡色林的血管安全性和疗效目前尚不明确。新的一项研究纳入12000名超重或肥胖患者随机分组,接受氯卡色林(每日2次,每次10 mg)或安慰剂治疗。结果显示,1年时,氯卡色林组5,135例患者中的1,986例(38.7%)和安慰剂组5,083例患者中的883例(17.4%)体重减轻≥5%。氯卡色林组患者的心脏危险因素值较安慰剂组患者略好。在3.3年的中位随访期间,在氯卡色林组和安慰剂组中,主要安全性结局的发生率相当;扩展主要心血管事件的发生率也相当。表明在超重或肥胖患者组成的高危人群中,与安慰剂相比,氯卡色林有助于持续的体重减轻,且未增加主要心血管事件发生率。

【2】利伐沙班用于因内科疾病住院治疗后的血栓预防

DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1805090

因内科疾病住院治疗的患者在出院后仍有静脉血栓栓塞的风险,但延长血栓预防在治疗此类患者中的作用仍存在争议。一项随机双盲试验随机分组了12024例患者,12,019例接受意向治疗分析。利伐沙班组6,007例患者中的50例(0.83%)和安慰剂组6,012例患者中的66例(1.10%)出现了主要疗效结局。利伐沙班组0.18%的患者和安慰剂组0.42%的患者出现有症状的非致死性静脉血栓栓塞。利伐沙班组5,982例患者中的17例(0.28%)和安慰剂组5980例患者中的9例(0.15%)出现了大出血。表明出院后接受利伐沙班治疗45天的内科疾病患者,发生有症状的静脉血栓栓塞和静脉血栓栓塞导致死亡的风险并未显著低于接受安慰剂治疗的患者。

【3】2000至2015年间非洲儿童腹泻发病率和死亡率的变化

DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1716766

腹泻病是非洲5岁以下儿童患病和死亡的第三大原因,2015年导致了约3000万例重度腹泻病例和330000例死亡。因为缺乏对多国间和各国内腹泻相关疾病和死亡的全面、精细的估计,而无法解决这一负担。研究人员对2000至2015年间非洲每年的腹泻患病率和发病率以及腹泻相关死亡率进行了评估。结果揭示了非洲腹泻风险在地理上的不均等。2015年,估计有33万儿童死于腹泻,其中超过50%发生在782个一级行政区中的55个。2015年,尼日利亚一级行政区之间的死亡率差异达到6倍。全非洲国家级上的病死率差异很大,贝宁、莱索托、马里、尼日利亚和塞拉利昂的病死率最高。表明腹泻病和腹泻相关死亡集中发生在负担一直很高的国家以及腹泻负担在国家一级有显著减轻的国家。

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    2018-10-04 追梦339

    学习了,谢谢分享

    0

  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=347871, encodeId=11df34e87111, content=学习了,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/101296147/1971A0D0E6F454C51482D0A7227D9681/100, createdBy=578c2452020, createdName=追梦339, createdTime=Thu Oct 04 07:53:23 CST 2018, time=2018-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=347682, encodeId=81ab34e682ef, content=学习了,谢谢分享。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/xkvRjYnJzzRJ2R0y7VhicibvkjPWHjIMmu4ZpKnE9cWAu4lVicS3uDUCfF4M4JWvrkrYfpb2KehPV0Ee29tPqyPEebBUibiaKhnvD/0, createdBy=f8412001184, createdName=惠映实验室, createdTime=Tue Oct 02 20:24:12 CST 2018, time=2018-10-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=347530, encodeId=a07734e530d3, content=谢谢分享,学习了。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/07/16/3b24606172648eea459125cb74754afe.jpg, createdBy=6c022216608, createdName=liumin1987, createdTime=Mon Oct 01 10:24:27 CST 2018, time=2018-10-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=347473, encodeId=94ab34e473f0, content=谢谢分享,学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6Nx0VGA4QMDzOP8oAgnV4h51EjSfehJ9QxyiaSmw8PB56BhY8KXFSxHCibXrzcy4abrzSibXQPxJ9kzrLcJyhhB8a/0, createdBy=1d3b1672603, createdName=明月清辉, createdTime=Mon Oct 01 06:03:39 CST 2018, time=2018-10-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-10-02 惠映实验室

    学习了,谢谢分享。

    0

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    2018-10-01 liumin1987

    谢谢分享,学习了。

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=347871, encodeId=11df34e87111, content=学习了,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/101296147/1971A0D0E6F454C51482D0A7227D9681/100, createdBy=578c2452020, createdName=追梦339, createdTime=Thu Oct 04 07:53:23 CST 2018, time=2018-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=347682, encodeId=81ab34e682ef, content=学习了,谢谢分享。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/xkvRjYnJzzRJ2R0y7VhicibvkjPWHjIMmu4ZpKnE9cWAu4lVicS3uDUCfF4M4JWvrkrYfpb2KehPV0Ee29tPqyPEebBUibiaKhnvD/0, createdBy=f8412001184, createdName=惠映实验室, createdTime=Tue Oct 02 20:24:12 CST 2018, time=2018-10-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=347530, encodeId=a07734e530d3, content=谢谢分享,学习了。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/07/16/3b24606172648eea459125cb74754afe.jpg, createdBy=6c022216608, createdName=liumin1987, createdTime=Mon Oct 01 10:24:27 CST 2018, time=2018-10-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=347473, encodeId=94ab34e473f0, content=谢谢分享,学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6Nx0VGA4QMDzOP8oAgnV4h51EjSfehJ9QxyiaSmw8PB56BhY8KXFSxHCibXrzcy4abrzSibXQPxJ9kzrLcJyhhB8a/0, createdBy=1d3b1672603, createdName=明月清辉, createdTime=Mon Oct 01 06:03:39 CST 2018, time=2018-10-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-10-01 明月清辉

    谢谢分享,学习了

    0

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