Baidu
map

Alzheimers Dement:种族不同,阿尔兹海默相关指标的长期变化趋势不同

2022-03-08 Freeman MedSci原创

该研究的重要意义在于观察到淀粉样蛋白生物标志物的纵向种族差异。

阿尔茨海默病(AD)是一种不可逆的神经退行性疾病,影响到600万美国人,预计到2050年病例将增加一倍以上。在没有真正有效的治疗方法可以改变AD的进展的情况下,预防可能是唯一可行的选择,可以控制公共健康危机。

为了设计AD的预防试验,生物标志物对于建立适当的纳入/排除标准和跟踪疾病进展非常重要。 几十年的生物标志物研究已经确定了一系列AD生物标志物的有效性,以检测大脑中的淀粉样β(Aβ)和神经纤维缠结(NFTs),以及相关的神经元死亡和神经退化。包括使用[11C]苯并噻唑示踪剂、匹兹堡化合物B(PiB)和其他示踪剂(18F-AV45)、脑脊液(CSF)分析物、Tau PET区域摄取量和基于磁共振成像(MRI)的大脑结构测量,利用正电子发射断层扫描(PET)对大脑纤维状Aβ进行分子成像。

这些研究进一步表明,AD的神经病理过程在症状出现前几年甚至几十年就开始了,生物标志物的变化遵循一个时间序列,早期Aβ在大脑中积累和沉积,随后形成NFTs、神经元死亡和大脑结构变化。

然而,几乎所有这些重要的发现都是基于以白人为主的队列,少数报告AD生物标志物变化种族差异的生物标志物研究都是基于横断面数据。

藉此,华盛顿大学的Chengjie Xiong等人,评估黑人和白人在所有主要AD生物标志物中的纵向差异,包括CSF、淀粉样PET和结构MRI。

共有179名黑人和1180名白人在基线时认知正常,并有至少一种生物标志物模式的纵向数据,对他们的年度变化率进行分析。

他们发现:黑人的CSF淀粉样β(Aβ)42/Aβ40下降得更慢(P=0.0390),淀粉样蛋白(PET)积累得更慢(P=0.0157)。

黑人和白人的CSF Aβ42随时间变化的方向相反(P = .0039)。

黑人的CSF总tau和磷酸化tau181的年增长率约为白人的一半。

该研究的重要意义在于观察到淀粉样蛋白生物标志物的纵向种族差异。全面和前瞻性地研究ApoE基因型和社会文化因素对这些差异的影响将是很重要的。

原文出处:

Xiong C, Luo J, Schindler SE, Fagan AM, Benzinger T, Hassenstab J, Balls-Berry JE, Agboola F, Grant E, Moulder KL, Morris JC. Racial differences in longitudinal Alzheimer's disease biomarkers among cognitively normal adults. Alzheimers Dement. 2022 Feb 25. doi: 10.1002/alz.12608. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35218143.

版权声明:
本网站所有内容来源注明为“梅斯医学”或“MedSci原创”的文字、图片和音视频资料,版权均属于梅斯医学所有。非经授权,任何媒体、网站或个人不得转载,授权转载时须注明来源为“梅斯医学”。其它来源的文章系转载文章,或“梅斯号”自媒体发布的文章,仅系出于传递更多信息之目的,本站仅负责审核内容合规,其内容不代表本站立场,本站不负责内容的准确性和版权。如果存在侵权、或不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系,我们将立即进行删除处理。
在此留言
评论区 (5)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1779827, encodeId=0a0b1e7982704, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=51b4238909' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#alzheimers#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=107, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2389, encryptionId=51b4238909, topicName=alzheimers)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=930e243, createdName=dingxiaobo, createdTime=Tue Feb 21 00:13:31 CST 2023, time=2023-02-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1878479, encodeId=fa4018e847934, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c157696175' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ERS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6961, encryptionId=c157696175, topicName=ERS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e93e105, createdName=anminleiryan, createdTime=Thu Jun 02 10:13:31 CST 2022, time=2022-06-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1815117, encodeId=8825181511e11, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=15529699331' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#长期变化#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96993, encryptionId=15529699331, topicName=长期变化)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=9cb02500048, createdName=ms6832696159214430, createdTime=Thu Nov 17 18:13:31 CST 2022, time=2022-11-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1338544, encodeId=e38713385441e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=767711566a9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#MERS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11566, encryptionId=767711566a9, topicName=MERS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/71tKRib0PibveVjnEa7tPLMaCzoKicFlKSEOzRTGf4wNvDV54kJyNx1ott1D5Xp5gRu7IwUia77oN0YFdffvQMu6Ug/132, createdBy=9e302500146, createdName=ms49895894946433513521, createdTime=Thu Mar 10 13:13:31 CST 2022, time=2022-03-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1402845, encodeId=28981402845b8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=60ca9e761ce' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阿尔兹海默#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=118, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97761, encryptionId=60ca9e761ce, topicName=阿尔兹海默)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=be952422716, createdName=habb, createdTime=Thu Mar 10 13:13:31 CST 2022, time=2022-03-10, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1779827, encodeId=0a0b1e7982704, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=51b4238909' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#alzheimers#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=107, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2389, encryptionId=51b4238909, topicName=alzheimers)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=930e243, createdName=dingxiaobo, createdTime=Tue Feb 21 00:13:31 CST 2023, time=2023-02-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1878479, encodeId=fa4018e847934, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c157696175' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ERS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6961, encryptionId=c157696175, topicName=ERS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e93e105, createdName=anminleiryan, createdTime=Thu Jun 02 10:13:31 CST 2022, time=2022-06-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1815117, encodeId=8825181511e11, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=15529699331' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#长期变化#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96993, encryptionId=15529699331, topicName=长期变化)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=9cb02500048, createdName=ms6832696159214430, createdTime=Thu Nov 17 18:13:31 CST 2022, time=2022-11-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1338544, encodeId=e38713385441e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=767711566a9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#MERS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11566, encryptionId=767711566a9, topicName=MERS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/71tKRib0PibveVjnEa7tPLMaCzoKicFlKSEOzRTGf4wNvDV54kJyNx1ott1D5Xp5gRu7IwUia77oN0YFdffvQMu6Ug/132, createdBy=9e302500146, createdName=ms49895894946433513521, createdTime=Thu Mar 10 13:13:31 CST 2022, time=2022-03-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1402845, encodeId=28981402845b8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=60ca9e761ce' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阿尔兹海默#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=118, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97761, encryptionId=60ca9e761ce, topicName=阿尔兹海默)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=be952422716, createdName=habb, createdTime=Thu Mar 10 13:13:31 CST 2022, time=2022-03-10, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-06-02 anminleiryan
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1779827, encodeId=0a0b1e7982704, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=51b4238909' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#alzheimers#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=107, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2389, encryptionId=51b4238909, topicName=alzheimers)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=930e243, createdName=dingxiaobo, createdTime=Tue Feb 21 00:13:31 CST 2023, time=2023-02-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1878479, encodeId=fa4018e847934, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c157696175' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ERS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6961, encryptionId=c157696175, topicName=ERS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e93e105, createdName=anminleiryan, createdTime=Thu Jun 02 10:13:31 CST 2022, time=2022-06-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1815117, encodeId=8825181511e11, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=15529699331' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#长期变化#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96993, encryptionId=15529699331, topicName=长期变化)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=9cb02500048, createdName=ms6832696159214430, createdTime=Thu Nov 17 18:13:31 CST 2022, time=2022-11-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1338544, encodeId=e38713385441e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=767711566a9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#MERS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11566, encryptionId=767711566a9, topicName=MERS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/71tKRib0PibveVjnEa7tPLMaCzoKicFlKSEOzRTGf4wNvDV54kJyNx1ott1D5Xp5gRu7IwUia77oN0YFdffvQMu6Ug/132, createdBy=9e302500146, createdName=ms49895894946433513521, createdTime=Thu Mar 10 13:13:31 CST 2022, time=2022-03-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1402845, encodeId=28981402845b8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=60ca9e761ce' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阿尔兹海默#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=118, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97761, encryptionId=60ca9e761ce, topicName=阿尔兹海默)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=be952422716, createdName=habb, createdTime=Thu Mar 10 13:13:31 CST 2022, time=2022-03-10, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1779827, encodeId=0a0b1e7982704, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=51b4238909' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#alzheimers#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=107, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2389, encryptionId=51b4238909, topicName=alzheimers)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=930e243, createdName=dingxiaobo, createdTime=Tue Feb 21 00:13:31 CST 2023, time=2023-02-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1878479, encodeId=fa4018e847934, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c157696175' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ERS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6961, encryptionId=c157696175, topicName=ERS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e93e105, createdName=anminleiryan, createdTime=Thu Jun 02 10:13:31 CST 2022, time=2022-06-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1815117, encodeId=8825181511e11, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=15529699331' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#长期变化#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96993, encryptionId=15529699331, topicName=长期变化)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=9cb02500048, createdName=ms6832696159214430, createdTime=Thu Nov 17 18:13:31 CST 2022, time=2022-11-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1338544, encodeId=e38713385441e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=767711566a9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#MERS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11566, encryptionId=767711566a9, topicName=MERS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/71tKRib0PibveVjnEa7tPLMaCzoKicFlKSEOzRTGf4wNvDV54kJyNx1ott1D5Xp5gRu7IwUia77oN0YFdffvQMu6Ug/132, createdBy=9e302500146, createdName=ms49895894946433513521, createdTime=Thu Mar 10 13:13:31 CST 2022, time=2022-03-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1402845, encodeId=28981402845b8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=60ca9e761ce' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阿尔兹海默#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=118, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97761, encryptionId=60ca9e761ce, topicName=阿尔兹海默)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=be952422716, createdName=habb, createdTime=Thu Mar 10 13:13:31 CST 2022, time=2022-03-10, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1779827, encodeId=0a0b1e7982704, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=51b4238909' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#alzheimers#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=107, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2389, encryptionId=51b4238909, topicName=alzheimers)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=930e243, createdName=dingxiaobo, createdTime=Tue Feb 21 00:13:31 CST 2023, time=2023-02-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1878479, encodeId=fa4018e847934, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c157696175' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ERS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6961, encryptionId=c157696175, topicName=ERS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e93e105, createdName=anminleiryan, createdTime=Thu Jun 02 10:13:31 CST 2022, time=2022-06-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1815117, encodeId=8825181511e11, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=15529699331' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#长期变化#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96993, encryptionId=15529699331, topicName=长期变化)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=9cb02500048, createdName=ms6832696159214430, createdTime=Thu Nov 17 18:13:31 CST 2022, time=2022-11-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1338544, encodeId=e38713385441e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=767711566a9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#MERS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11566, encryptionId=767711566a9, topicName=MERS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/71tKRib0PibveVjnEa7tPLMaCzoKicFlKSEOzRTGf4wNvDV54kJyNx1ott1D5Xp5gRu7IwUia77oN0YFdffvQMu6Ug/132, createdBy=9e302500146, createdName=ms49895894946433513521, createdTime=Thu Mar 10 13:13:31 CST 2022, time=2022-03-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1402845, encodeId=28981402845b8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=60ca9e761ce' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阿尔兹海默#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=118, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97761, encryptionId=60ca9e761ce, topicName=阿尔兹海默)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=be952422716, createdName=habb, createdTime=Thu Mar 10 13:13:31 CST 2022, time=2022-03-10, status=1, ipAttribution=)]

相关资讯

Lancet:警惕!年轻人焦虑、抑郁等精神问题会增加日后痴呆的风险

如今,被焦虑和抑郁等精神问题困扰的人已越来越多,甚至年轻人已是高危群体。

Hypertension:动脉硬化与心血管疾病、糖尿病、痴呆等不良结果有关

近日,发表在Hypertension杂志上的一项研究显示,通过测量颈动脉-股动脉的脉搏波速度(cfPWV),发现动脉硬化程度与心血管疾病、糖尿病、痴呆等长期不良结果的风险升高有关。

Neurology: 疫情当下,孤独难免常伴:全美大规模队列研究追踪10年,孤独增加罹患痴呆风险!

在这项队列研究中,经过10多年的密切临床痴呆症监测,孤独与痴呆症风险的增加有关,也与ADRD脆弱性的神经认知标志较差有关,这表明了早期致病作用。这些发现可能会对临床和公共卫生发生重要影响。

Neurology:追踪3年,脑卒中后1年期脑白质高信号体积与同时期认知评分密切相关!

脑卒中发生后,波动的脑白质高信号(WMH)显示,1年中而非基线,WMH量与同时期的认知评分密切相关。 纵向协变卒中后认知和日常活动独立性的下降是痴呆诊断的核心,与WMH量的增加有关。

Annals of Neurology:磷酸化tau蛋白,联合Abeta可预测老年认知改变

在有症状前的个体中,血浆p-tau231与PET生物标志物的关联比p-tau181更强

Alzheimers Dement:血液中的神经退行性蛋白,可提前预测痴呆

GFAP可能是在p-tau181和NfL之前增加的早期AD生物标志物

拓展阅读

多开车能防痴呆;公主童话都是“骗人的”;“临时抱佛脚”真有用 | BMJ圣诞特刊

本文介绍《英国医学杂志》2024 年圣诞特刊中几项有趣研究,涵盖多开车与阿尔茨海默病死亡率关系、童话公主健康风险、发热手套治手骨关节炎效果以及临床 “临时抱佛脚” 培训对插管成功率影响等内容。

Translational Psychiatry:华西医院揭示抑郁和认知障碍对痴呆发生风险增加的影响:来自三大老年队列的前瞻性研究

抑郁症和认知障碍均显著增加老年人群痴呆的发生风险。认知障碍的风险比抑郁症更大,而二者共存时痴呆的发生风险最高,但未观察到显著的协同效应。

好文推荐 | 乳脂球表皮生长因子8与阿尔茨海默病的关联

MFG-E8与AD存在关联,可能通过AD病理标志物影响侧脑室体积变化。

简单用降糖药,就能预防痴呆?最新研究:这2大类药物均有效

两项研究探讨不同降糖药与痴呆风险关系,SGLT-2 抑制剂或有助于预防痴呆,初代 GLP-1 RA 与 SGLT-2 抑制剂差异小,需更多试验证实。

超3万人研究:服用降压药或能降低42%的痴呆风险

对于高血压人群,晚年服用降压药与AD风险降低42%有关。这表明,在晚年持续进行降压治疗对降低AD风险至关重要。此外,患有高血压也与非AD痴呆风险升高有关,接受降压治疗的人群此类风险略低于未治疗人群。

刘振琪教授:剖析睡眠障碍的诊断及治疗之道

本次,我们有幸邀请到大理州中医医院刘振琪教授,与大家共同探讨睡眠障碍在临床上的诊断和治疗。

2024 ACR 适当性标准®痴呆

美国放射学会(ACR,American College of Radiology) · 2024-12-17

2023 国际指南:体力活动和锻炼用于轻度认知障碍和痴呆的预防和管理

国外神经内科相关专家小组(统称) · 2023-09-28

痴呆患者睡眠障碍管理的最佳证据总结

江苏医药职业学院 · 2023-03-22

痴呆诊断中PET临床合理化应用中国专家共识(2021版)

中国微循环学会神经变性病专业委员会 · 2021-11-25

痴呆诊断中 PET 临床合理化应用中国专家共识 (2021版)

中国微循环学会神经变性病专业委员会 · 2021-11-25

Baidu
map
Baidu
map
Baidu
map