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我国九成胃癌发现时为进展期,早诊断早治疗可延长患者生存期

2018-10-14 屠俊 澎湃新闻

根据2010年的统计数据显示,我国胃癌五年生存率是35.9%,而日本、韩国均已达到60%以上,我国胃癌五年生存率仍处于较低水平。而胃癌已经是我国第二大癌症,全世界近一半新发胃癌患者和死亡病例在中国。中国工程院院士、国家消化病临床医学研究中心(上海)主任、长海医院消化内科主任李兆申教授提出,公众对早期胃癌筛查意识薄弱,90%的胃癌患者发现病况时已是进展期 ,错失了最佳诊治时机。10月13日,国家消

根据2010年的统计数据显示,我国癌五年生存率是35.9%,而日本、韩国均已达到60%以上,我国癌五年生存率仍处于较低水平。而胃癌已经是我国第二大癌症,全世界近一半新发胃癌患者和死亡病例在中国。

中国工程院院士、国家消化临床医学研究中心(上海)主任、长海医院消化内科主任李兆申教授提出,公众对早期胃癌筛查意识薄弱,90%的胃癌患者发现病况时已是进展期 ,错失了最佳诊治时机。

10月13日,国家消化道早期防治中心联盟(GECA)宣布,2018全国早期胃癌防治宣传周正式启动,此次宣传周主题为“防治胃癌,从筛查开始”。

启动仪式上,李兆申教授指出,如果胃癌在早期及时筛查,无需“谈癌色变”。在欧美国家,早期胃癌5年生存率可达70%以上,在日韩等国更是高达90%,而晚期胃癌5年生存率则不足10%。如果能早期诊断和治疗,相比晚期胃癌,早期胃癌经规范治疗5年生存率更高,约为90%以上。

此外,导致胃癌发生的最重要可控因素之一——幽门螺杆菌(Hp),通过尿素呼气试验等方法即可确诊,确诊后规范用药就可根除。数据显示,根除幽门螺杆菌可以降低胃癌风险达46% 。因此,李兆申院士强调:早发现早诊断早治疗才是延长胃癌患者生存期的关键,也是提高我国消化道肿瘤防治水平的关键点。

怎样实施既简便又行之有效的早期胃癌筛查策略?既往我国开展的胃癌筛查多依赖胃镜这种侵入性检查,不符合我国人口基数庞大的国情。研究表明,我国40岁以上人群胃癌发生率显着上升,因此在40岁以上高危人群中进行早期胃癌初筛,发现疑似患者再进行精确诊治。

此次活动倡导,40岁以上且符合以下任一条件者都应该进行胃癌筛查 :幽门螺杆菌感染者;胃癌高发地区人群(辽东半岛、山东半岛、长江三角洲、太行山脉和甘肃等地 );既往患有慢性萎缩性胃炎、胃溃疡、胃息肉、手术后残胃、肥厚性胃炎、恶性贫血等胃的癌前病变;胃癌患者一级亲属;存在胃癌其他风险因素(如摄入高盐、腌制饮食、吸烟、重度饮酒等)。

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    2018-10-14 医者仁心5538

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